Invasion of Ukraine: Frames and sentiments in Zelensky’s Twitter communication

References

• Alaparthi, S., and M. Mishra. 2021. “BERT: A Sentiment Analysis Odyssey.” Journal of Marketing Analytics 9 (2): 118–126. doi:10.1057/s41270-021-00109-8.
   Google Scholar
• An, S. -K., and K. K. Gower. 2009. “How Do the News Media Frame Crises? A Content Analysis of Crisis News Coverage.” Public Relations Review 35 (2): 107–112. doi:10.1016/j.pubrev.2009.01.010.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Banks, G. C., H. M. Woznyj, R. S. Wesslen, and R. L. Ross. 2018. “A Review of Best Practice Recommendations for Text Analysis in R (And a User-Firendly App).” Journal of Business and Psychology 33 (4): 445–459. doi:10.1007/s10869-017-9528-3.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Benford, R. D., and D. A. Snow. 2000. “Framing Processes and Social Movements: An Overview and Assessment.” Annual Review of Sociology 26 (1): 611–639. doi:10.1146/annurev.soc.26.1.611.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bertot, J. C., P. T. Jaeger, and D. L. Hansen. 2012. “The Impact of Polices on Government Social Media Usage: Issues, Challenges, and Recommendations.” Government Information Quarterly 29 (1): 30–40. doi:10.1016/j.giq.2011.04.004.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Biersack, J., and S. O’lear. 2014. “The Geopolitics of Russia’s Annexation of Crimea: Narratives, Identity, Silences, and Energy.” Eurasian Geography and Economics 55 (3): 247–269. doi:10.1080/15387216.2014.985241.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Blei, D. M. 2012. “Probabilistic Topic Models.” Communications of the ACM 55 (4): 77–84. doi:10.1145/2133806.2133826.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Boin, A., P. Hart, E. Stern, and B. Stundelius. 2017. The Politics of Crisis Management: Public Leadership Under Pressure. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Bolsen, T., R. Palm, and J. T. Kingsland. 2020. “Framing the Origins of COVID-19.” Science Communication 42 (5): 562–585. doi:10.1177/1075547020953603.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Borah, P. 2011. “Conceptual Issues in Framing Theory: A Systematic Examination of a Decade’s Literature.” Journal of Communication 61 (2): 246–263. doi:10.1111/j.1460-2466.2011.01539.x.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bossetta, M. 2018. “The Digital Architectures of Social Media: Comparing Political Campaigning on Facebook, Twitter, Instagram, and Snapchat in the 2016 US Election.” Journalism & Mass Communication Quarterly 95 (2): 471–496. doi:10.1177/1077699018763307.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bratic, V. 2008. “Examining Peace-Oriented Media in Areas of Violent Conflict.” International Communication Gazette 70 (6): 487–503. doi:10.1177/1748048508096397.
   Google Scholar
• Brundidge, J. 2010. “Encountering “Difference” in the Contemporary Public Sphere: The Contribution of the Internet to the Heterogeneity of Political Discussion Networks.” Journal of Communication 60 (4): 680–700. doi:10.1111/j.1460-2466.2010.01509.x.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bukkvoll, T. 1997. Ukraine and European Security. London: Bloomsbury Academic.
   Google Scholar
• Casero-Ripollés, A. 2018. “Research on Political Information and Social Media: Key Points and Challenges for the Future.” El Profesional de La Información 27 (5): 964–974. doi:10.3145/epi.2018.sep.01.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Castells, M. 2013. Communication Power. Oxford: Oxford University.
   Google Scholar
• Chong, D., and J. N. Druckman. 2007a. “Framing Theory.” Annual Review of Political Science 10 (1): 103–126. doi:10.1146/annurev.polisci.10.072805.103054.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chong, D., and J. N. Druckman. 2007b. “A Theory of Framing and Opinion Formation in Competitive Elite Environments.” Journal of Communication 57 (1): 99–118. doi:10.1111/j.1460-2466.2006.00331.x.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Criado, J. I., R. Sandoval-Almazan, and J. R. Gil-Garcia. 2013. “Government Innovation Through Social Media.” Government Information Quarterly 30 (4): 319–326. doi:10.1016/j.giq.2013.10.003.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Devlin, J., M. -W. Chang, K. Lee, and K. Toutanova 2019. BERT: Pre-Training of Deep Bidirectional Transformers for Language Understanding. Retrieved from https://arxiv.org/abs/1810.04805
   Google Scholar
• Dobysh, M. 2019. “Euromaidan and Conflict in Eastern Ukraine in Social Networking Sites: Territorial Differences of Pro-Russian Subscriptions in Ukraine.” Hungarian Geographical Bulletin 68 (1): 51–64. doi:10.15201/hungeobull.68.1.4.
   Google Scholar
• Ekman, M. 2019. “Anti-Immigration and Racist Discourse in Social.” European Journal of Communication 34 (6): 606–618. doi:10.1177/0267323119886151.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Entman, R. M. 1993. “Framing: Toward Clarification of a Fractured Paradigm.” Journal of Communication 43 (4): 51–58. doi:10.1111/j.1460-2466.1993.tb01304.x.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Flaxman, S., S. Goel, and J. M. JRao. 2016. “Filter Bubbles, Echo Chambers, and Online News Consumption.” Public Opinion Quarterly 80 (S1): 298–320. doi:10.1093/poq/nfw006.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fuchs, C. 2013. Social Media: A Critical Introduction. London: SAGE.
   Google Scholar
• Gamson, W. A., and A. Modigliani1987. “The Changing Culture of Affirmative Action”. Research in Political Sociology, In R. G. Braungart. Vol. 3 137–177. Greenwich. CT: JAI Press.
   Google Scholar
• Garcia, M. B., and A. Cunanan-Yabut 2022. Public Sentiment and Emotion Analyses of Twitter Data on the 2022 Russian Invasion of Ukraine. 2022 9th International Conference on Information Technology, Computer, and Electrical Engineering (ICITACEE) (pp. 242–247). Semarang: IEEE.
   Google Scholar
• Gaufman, E. 2015. “Memory, Media, and Securitization: Russian Media Framing of the Ukrainian Crisis.” Journal of Soviet and Post-Soviet Politics and Society 1 (1): 141–175.
   Google Scholar
• González-Bailón, S., R. E. Banchs, and A. Kaltenbrunner. 2012. “Emotions, Public Opinion, and U.S. Presidential Approval Rates: A 5-Year Analysis of Online Political Discussions.” Human Communication Research 38 (2): 121–143. doi:10.1111/j.1468-2958.2011.01423.x.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Grün, B., and K. Hornik. 2011. “Topicmodels: An R Package for Fitting Topic Models.” Journal of Statistical Software 40 (13): 1–30. doi:10.18637/jss.v040.i13.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hamelink, C. 2008. “Media Between Warmongers and Peacemakers.” Media, War & Conflict 1 (1): 77–83. doi:10.1177/1750635207087627.
   Google Scholar
• Hänggli, R. 2012. “Key Factors in Frame Building: How Strategic Political Actors Shape News Media Coverage.” The American Behavioral Scientist 56 (3): 300–317. doi:10.1177/0002764211426327.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Houston, J. B., B. Pfefferbaum, and C. E. Rosenholtz. 2012. “Disaster News: Framing and Frame Changing in Coverage of Major US Natural Disasters, 2000–2010.” Journalism & Mass Communication Quarterly 89 (4): 606–623. doi:10.1177/1077699012456022.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jain, N., S. Prasad, A. Bordeniuc, A. Tanasov, A. V. Shirinskaya, B. Béla, Cheuk, C. P. et al. 2022. “European Countries Step-Up Humanitarian and Medical Assistance to Ukraine as the Conflict Continues.” Journal of Primary Care & Community Health 13: 215013192210953. doi:10.1177/21501319221095358.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jungherr, A. 2016. “Twitter Use in Election Campaigns: A Systematic Literature Review.” Journal of Information Technology & Politics 13 (1): 72–91. doi:10.1080/19331681.2015.1132401.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kaur, M., R. Verma, and F. N. Otoo. 2021. “Emotions in Leader’s Crisis Communication: Twitter Sentiment Analysis During COVID-19 Outbreak.” Journal of Human Behavior in the Social Environment 31 (1–4): 362–372. doi:10.1080/10911359.2020.1829239.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lev-On, A. 2018. “The Anti-Social Network? Framing Social Media in Wartime.” Social Media + Society 4 (3). doi:10.1177/2056305118800311.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Liu, W., P. Zhou, Z. Zhao, Z. Wang, H. Deng, and Q. Ju 2020. FastBert: A Self-Distilling BERT with Adaptive Inference Time. ArXiv. Retrieved from https://arxiv.org/abs/2004.02178
   Google Scholar
• Makhortykh, M., and M. Sydorova. 2017. “Social Media and Visual Framing of the Conflict in Eastern Ukraine.” Media, War & Conflict 10 (3): 359–381. doi:10.1177/1750635217702539.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Marples, D. R. 2022. “Russia’s War Goals in Ukraine.” Canadian Slavonic Papers 64 (2–3): 207–219. doi:10.1080/00085006.2022.2107837.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Matthes, J. 2008. “Media Frames and Public Opinion: Exploring the Boundaries of Framing Effects in a Two-Wave Panel Study.” Studies in Communication Sciences 8 (2): 101–128.
   Google Scholar
• Matthes, J. 2011. “Framing Politics: An Integrative Approach.” The American Behavioral Scientist 56 (3): 247–259. doi:10.1177/0002764211426324.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McNair, B. 2017. An Introduction to Political Communication. Oxon: Routledge.
   Google Scholar
• Moffitt, J. D., C. King, and K. M. Carley. 2021. “Hunting Conspiracy Theories During the COVID-19 Pandemic.” Social Media + Society 7 (3). doi:10.1177/20563051211043212.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nahon, K. 2016. Where There is Social Media There is PoliticsRoutledge companion to social media and politics, A. Bruns, G. Enli, E. Skogerbö, A. Larsson, and C. Christensen, New York: Routledge 39–55.
   Google Scholar
• Nelson, T. E., R. A. Clawson, and Z. M. Oxley. 1997. “Media Framing of a Civil Liberties Conflict and Its Effect on Tolerance.” The American Political Science Review 91 (3): 567–583. doi:10.2307/2952075.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nelson, T. E., and D. R. Kinder. 1996. “Issue Frames and Group Centrism in American Public Opinion.” The Journal of Politics 58 (4): 1055–1078. doi:10.2307/2960149.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nikolayenko, O. 2019. “Framing and Counter-Framing a Peace March in Russia: The Use of Twitter During a Hybrid War.” Social Movement Studies 18 (5): 602–621. doi:10.1080/14742837.2019.1599852.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nygren, G., M. Glowacki, J. Hök, I. Kiria, D. Orlova, and D. Taradai. 2018. “Journalism in the Crossfire: Media Coverage of the War in Ukraine in 2014.” Journalism Studies 19 (7): 1059–1078. doi:10.1080/1461670X.2016.1251332.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ojala, M. M., M. K. Pantti, and J. Kangas. 2017. “Whose War, Whose Fault?: Visual Framing of the Ukraine Conflict in Western European Newspapers.” International Journal of Communication 11: 474–498.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Papacharissi, Z. 2016. “Affective Publics and Structures of Storytelling: Sentiment, Events and Mediality.” Information, Communication & Society 19 (3): 307–324. doi:10.1080/1369118X.2015.1109697.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pasitselska, O. 2017. “Ukrainian Crisis Through the Lens of Russian Media: Construction of Ideological Discourse.” Discourse & Communication 11 (6): 591–609. doi:10.1177/1750481317714127.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• R Core Team. (2022). R The R Project for Statistical Computing. Retrieved from R Foundation for Statistical Computing: https://www.R-project.org/
   Google Scholar
• Ren, C., and I. Bloemraad. 2022. “New Methods and the Study of Vulnerable Groups: Using Machine Learning to Identify Immigrant-Oriented Nonprofit Organizations.” Socius 8: 237802312210769. doi:10.1177/23780231221076992.
   Google Scholar
• Roman, N., W. Wanta, and I. Buniak. 2017. “Information Wars: Eastern Ukraine Military Conflict Coverage in the Russian, Ukrainian and U.S. Newscasts.” International Communication Gazette 79 (4): 357–378. doi:10.1177/1748048516682138.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schofield, A., and D. Mimno. 2016. “Comparing Apples to Apple: The Effects of Stemmers on Topic Models.” Transactions of the Association for Computational Linguistics 4: 287–300. doi:10.1162/tacl_a_00099.
   Google Scholar
• Shaver, P., J. Schwartz, D. Kirson, and C. O’connor. 1987. “Emotion Knowledge: Further Exploration of a Prototype Approach.” Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 52 (6): 1061–1086. doi:10.1037/0022-3514.52.6.1061.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sniderman, P. M., and S. M. Theriault 2004. The Structure of Political Argument and the Logic of Issue Framing. In W. E. Saris and P. M. Sniderman, Studies in public opinion (pp. 133–166). Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
   Google Scholar
• statista. 2023. statista. Retrieved 18 March 2023; from Leading social media websites in Ukraine in 2022, based on share of visits:. https://www.statista.com/statistics/1165925/market-share-of-the-most-popular-social-media-websites-in-ukraine/.
   Google Scholar
• Stier, S., A. Bleier, H. Lietz, and M. Strohmaier. 2018. “Election Campaigning on Social Media: Politicians, Audiences, and the Mediation of Political Communication on Facebook and Twitter.” Political Communication 35 (1): 50–74. doi:10.1080/10584609.2017.1334728.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stromer-Galley, J. 2000. “On-Line Interaction and Why Candidates Avoid It.” Journal of Communication 50 (4): 111–132. doi:10.1111/j.1460-2466.2000.tb02865.x.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• `t Hart, P., and J. Uhr. 2008. Public Leadership Pespectives and Practices. Canberra: ANU Press.
   Google Scholar
• Twitter. (2020). Twitter Developer Plattform. Retrieved from Search Tweets: https://developer.twitter.com/en/docs/tweets/search/overview/
   Google Scholar
• Warnick, B., and D. Heineman. 2012. Rhetoric Online: The Politics of New Media. New York: Peter Lang Publishing.
   Google Scholar
• Watanabe, K., and Y. Zhou. 2022. “Theory-Driven Analysis of Large Corpora: Semisupervised Topic Classification of the UN Speeches.” Social Science Computer Review 40 (2): 346–366. doi:10.1177/0894439320907027.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Xu, J. 2020. “Does the Medium Matter? A Meta-Analysis on Using Social Media Vs. Traditional Media in Crisis Communication.” Public Relations Review 46 (4): 1–7. doi:10.1016/j.pubrev.2020.101947.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yang, X., B. C. Chen, M. Maity, and E. Ferrara 2016. Social Politics: Agenda Setting and Political Communication on Social Media. International conference on social informatics (pp. 330–344). Bellevue: Springer.
   Google Scholar
• Yantseva, V. 2020. “Migration Discourse in Sweden: Frames and Sentiments in Mainstream and Social Media.” Social Media + Society 6 (4): 1–16. doi:10.1177/2056305120981059.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar