Antimicrobial activity and a comparative essential oil analysis of Centaurea pulcherrima Willd. var. pulcherrima extracted by hydrodistillation and microwave distillation

References

• Adams , RP . 2004 . Identification of essential oil components by gas chromatography/quadrupole mass spectroscopy , Carol Stream, IL : Allured Publication .
   Google Scholar
• Ahmad , I , Mehmood , Z and Mohammed , F . 1998 . Screening of some Indian medicinal plants for their antimicrobial properties . Journal of Ethnopharmacology , 62 : 183 – 193 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Akpınar , K , Yıldırım , N , Üçüncü , O , Yaylı , N , Terzioğlu , S and Yaylı , N . 2009 . Volatile constituents of the flowers and leaves-stems of three Doronicum taxa from Turkey . Asian Journal of Chemistry , 21 : 1225 – 1229 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Asfaw , N , Licence , P , Novitskii , AA and Poliakoff , M . 2005 . Green chemistry in Ethiopia: the cleaner extraction of essential oils from Artemisia afra: a comparison of clean technology with conventional methodology . Green Chemistry , 7 : 352 – 356 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Baytop , T . 1995 . Türkiye’ de Bitkilerle Tedavi , İstanbul : Nobel Tıp Kitapevi .
   Google Scholar
• Binder , RG , Turner , CE and Flath , RA . 1990a . Comparison of yellow starthistle volatiles from different plant parts . Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry , 38 : 764 – 767 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Binder , RG , Turner , CE and Flath , RA . 1990b . Volatile components of purple starthistle . Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry , 38 : 1053 – 1055 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Buttery , RG , Maddox , DM , Light , DM and Ling , LC . 1986 . Volatile components of yellow starthistle . Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry , 34 : 786 – 788 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chevallier , A . 1996 . The encyclopedia of medicinal plants , 183 London : Dorling Kindersley .
   Google Scholar
• Davis , PH , Mill , RR and Tan , K . 1988 . Flora of Turkey and the East Aegean Islands , Edited by: Davis , PH . Vol. 10 , 489 – 501 . Edinburgh : Edinburgh University Press .
   Google Scholar
• Duke , JA . 2002 . Handbook of medicinal herbs , 223 – 224 . London : CRC Press .
   Google Scholar
• Dural , H , Bagci , Y , Ertugrul , K , Demirelma , H , Flamini , G , Cioni , PL and Morelli , I . 2003 . Essential oil composition of two endemic Centaurea species from Turkey Centaurea mucronifera and Centaurea chrysantha collected in the same habitat . Biochemical Systematics and Ecology , 31 : 1417 – 1425 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ertugrul , K , Dural , H , Tugay , O , Flamini , G , Cioni , PL and Morelli , I . 2003 . Essential oils from flowers of Centaurea kotschyi var. kotschyi and C. kotschyi var. decumbens from Turkey . Flavour and Fragrance Journal , 18 : 95 – 97 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ferhat , MA , Meklati , BY , Visinoni , F , Vian , MA and Chemat , F . 2008 . Solvent free microwave extraction of essential oils: green chemistry in the teaching laboratory . Chimica Oggi-Chemistry Today , 26 : 48 – 50 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Flamini , G , Ertugrul , K , Cioni , PL , Morelli , I , Dural , H and Bags , Y . 2002 . Volatile constituents of two endemic Centaurea species from Turkey: C. pseudoscabiosa subsp. pseudoscabiosa and C. hadimensis . Biochemical Systematics and Ecology , 30 : 953 – 959 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Formisano , C , Rigano , D , Senatore , F , Çelik , S , Bruno , M and Rosselli , S . 2008 . Volatile constituents of aerial parts of three endemic Centaurea species from Turkey: Centaurea amanicola Hub.-Mor., Centaurea consanguinea DC. and Centaurea ptosimopappa Hayek and their antibacterial activities . Natural Product Research , 22 : 833 – 839 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Güner , A , Özhatay. , N , Ekim , T and Başer , KHC . 2000 . Flora of Turkey and the East Aegean Islands , Vol. 11 , Edinburgh : Edinburgh University Press .
   Google Scholar
• İskender , NY , Yaylı , N , Yıldırım , N , Cansu , TB and Terzioğlu , S . 2009 . The volatile constituents of the flower, leaf, and stem of Verbascum wiedemannianum grown in Turkey . Journal of Oleo Science , 58 : 117 – 121 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• İskender , NY , Yaylı , N , Yaşar , A , Coşkunçelebi , K and Yaylı , N . 2009 . Volatile constituents of the flower, leaf and stem of Lathyrus vernus (L.) grown in Turkey . Asian Journal of Chemistry , 21 : 6290 – 6294 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Javidnia , K , Miri , R , Kamalinejad , M , Sarkarzadeh , H and Jamalian , A . 2004 . Chemical composition of the essential oils of Anthemis altissima L. grown in Iran . Flavour and Fragrance Journal , 19 : 213 – 216 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Karamenderes , C , Demirci , B and Baser , KHC . 2008 . Composition of essential oils of ten Centaurea L. taxa from Turkey . Journal of Essential Oil Research , 20 : 342 – 349 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Karamenderes , C , Khan , S , Tekwani , BL , Jacob , MR and Khan , IA . 2006 . Antiprotozoal and antimicrobial activities of Centaurea species growing in Turkey . Pharmaceutical Biology , 44 : 534 – 539 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kokkalou , PE , Koedam , A and Fokas , G . 1982 . Composition de l’huile essentielle de Salvia horminum (Labiatae) . Pharmaceutica Acta Helvetiae , 57 : 317 – 320 .
   Google Scholar
• Kose , YB , Iscan , G , Demirci , B , Baser , KHC and Celik , S . 2007 . Antimicrobial activity of the essential oil of Centaurea aladagensis . Fitoterapia , 78 : 253 – 254 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kose , YB , Demirci , B , Baser , KHC and Yucel , E . 2008 . Composition of the essential oil of three endemic Centaurea species from Turkey . Journal of Essential Oil Research , 20 : 335 – 338 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lazari , DM , Skaltsa , HD and Constantinidis , T . 1999 . Volatile constituents of Centaurea raphanina Sm. subsp.mixta (DC.) Runemark and C. spruneri Boiss. and Heldr. (Asteraceae) growing wild in Greece . Flavour and Fragrance Journal , 14 : 415 – 418 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lazari , DM , Skaltsa , HD and Constantinidis , T . 2000 . Volatile constituents of Centaurea pelia DC., C. thessala Hausskn. subsp. drakiensis (Freyn and Sint.) Georg. and C. zuccariniana DC. from Greece . Flavour and Fragrance Journal , 15 : 7 – 11 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lucchesi , ME , Chemat , F and Smadja , J . 2004 . Solvent-free microwave extraction of essential oil from aromatic herbs: comparison with conventional hydro-distillation . Journal of Chromatography A , 1043 : 323 – 327 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lucchesi , ME , Smadja , J , Bradshaw , WL and Chemat , F . 2007 . Solvent free microwave extraction of Elletaria cardamomum L.: a multivariate study of a new technique for the extraction of essential oil . Journal of Food Engineering , 79 : 1079 – 1086 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Perez , C , Pauli , M and Bazerque , P . 1990 . An antibiotic assay by the agar-well diffusion method . Acta Biologia et Medicine Experimentalis , 15 : 113 – 115 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Priestap , HA , Van Baren , CM , Di Leo Lira , P , Coussio , JD and Bandoni , AL . 2003 . Volatile constituents of Aristolochia argentina . Phytochemistry , 63 : 221 – 225 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Senatore , F , Rigano , D , De Fusco , R and Bruno , M . 2003 . Volatile components of Centaurea cineraria L. subsp. umbrosa (Lacaita) Pign. and Centaurea napifolia L. (Asteraceae), two species growing wild in Sicily . Flavour and Fragrance Journal , 18 : 248 – 251 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Skaltsa , HD , Demetzos , C , Lazari , D and Sokovic , M . 2003 . Essential oil analysis and antimicrobial activity of eight Stachys species from Greece . Phytochemistry , 64 : 743 – 752 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Terzioğlu , S , Yaşar , A , Yaylı , N , Yılmaz , N , Karaoğlu , Ş and Yaylı , N . 2008 . Antimicrobial activity and essential oil compositions of two Ranunculus species from Turkey: R-constantinopolitanus and R-arvensis . Asian Journal of Chemistry , 20 : 3277 – 3283 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Üçüncü , O , Yaylı , N , Yaşar , A , Terzioğlu , S and Yaylı , N . 2008 . Chemical composition of the essential oils from flower, leaf, and stem of Senecio trapezuntinus Boiss. grown in Turkey . Natural Product Communications , 3 : 925 – 928 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Üçüncü , O , Yaylı , N , Volga , C , Yaylı , N and Terzioğlu , S . 2009 . Chemical composition of the essential oils from the flower, leaf and stem of Aquilegia olympica grown in Turkey . Asian Journal of Chemistry , 21 : 6569 – 6574 .
   Google Scholar
• Ugur , A , Duru , ME , Ceylan , O , Sarac , N , Varol , O and Kivrak , I . 2009 . Chemical composition, antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of Centaurea ensiformis Hub.-Mor. (Asteraceae), a species endemic to Mugla (Turkey) . Natural Product Research , 23 : 149 – 167 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Usta , A , Üçüncü , O , Cansu , TB , Terzioğlu , S and Yaylı , N . 2009 . Chemical composition of the essential oils from flowers of Senecio vernalis and Senecio platyphyllus var. platyphyllus . Asian Journal of Chemistry , 21 : 6369 – 6374 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Uzunhisarcikli , ME , Teksen , M and Dogan , E . 2005 . Centaurea marashica (Asteraceae), a new species from Turkey . Annales Botanici Fennici , 42 : 309 – 312 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wagenitz , G . 1975 . “ Centaurea L. (Asteraceae) ” . In Flora of Turkey and the East Aegean Islands , Edited by: Davis , PH . Vol. 1 , 465 – 585 . Edinburgh : Edinburgh University Press .
   Google Scholar
• Woods , GL , Brown-Elliott , BA , Desmond , EP , Hall , GS , Heifets , L , Pfyffer , GE and Witebsky , FG . 2003 . Susceptibility testing of mycobacteria, nocardiae, and other aerobic actinomycetes; Approved Standard . NCCLS Document M24-A , 23 ( 18 ) : 25 – 29 .
   Google Scholar
• Yaylı , N , Baltacı , C , Gök , Y , Aydın , E and Üçüncü , O . 2006 . Sesquiterpene lactones from Centaurea helenioides Boiss . Turkish Journal of Chemistry , 30 : 229 – 233 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yaylı , N , Yaşar , A , Güleç , C , Usta , A , Kolaylı , S , Coşkunçelebi , K and Karaoğlu , Ş . 2005 . Composition and antimicrobial activity of essential oils from Centaurea sessilis and Centaurea armena . Phytochemistry , 66 : 1741 – 1745 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yaylı , N , Yaşar , A , Yaylı , N , Albay , C , Aşamaz , Y , Çoşkunçelebi , K and Alpay Karaoğlu , Ş . 2009 . Chemical composition and antimicrobial activity of essential oils from Centaurea appendicigera and Centaurea helenioides . Pharmaceutical Biology , 47 : 7 – 12 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yeşilada , E , Sezik , E , Honda , G , Takaishi , Y , Takeda , Y and Tanaka , T . 1999 . Traditional medicine in Turkey IX: Folk medicine in North-West Anatolia . Journal of Ethnopharmacology , 64 : 195 – 210 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar