References
- Antón, C., Camarero, C., & Garrido, M. J. (2018). Exploring the experience value of museum visitors as a co-creation process. Current Issues in Tourism, 21(12), 1406–1425. https://doi.org/10.1080/13683500.2017.1373753
- Arnett, J. J. (2000). Emerging adulthood: A theory of development from the late teens through the twenties. American Psychologist, 55(5), 469. https://doi.org/10.1037/0003-066X.55.5.469
- Aşan, K., & Emeksiz, M. (2018). Outdoor recreation participants’ motivations, experiences and vacation activity preferences. Journal of Vacation Marketing, 24(1), 3–15. https://doi.org/10.1177/1356766716676300
- Barrett, A., & Mowen, A. J. (2014). Assessing the effectiveness of artistic place-based climate change interpretation. Journal of Interpretation Research, 19(2), 7–24. https://doi.org/10.1177/109258721401900202
- Benur, A. M., & Bramwell, B. (2015). Tourism product development and product diversification in destinations. Tourism Management, 50, 213–224. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2015.02.005
- Bigne, J. E., Sanchez, M. I., & Sanchez, J. (2001). Tourism image, evaluation variables and after purchase behaviour: Inter-relationship. Tourism Management, 22(6), 607–616. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0261-5177(01)00035-8
- Brownlee, M. T., Powell, R. B., & Hallo, J. C. (2013). A review of the foundational processes that influence beliefs in climate change: Opportunities for environmental education research. Environmental Education Research, 19(1), 1–20. https://doi.org/10.1080/13504622.2012.683389
- Bueddefeld, J. N., & Van Winkle, C. M. (2017). Exploring the effect of zoo post-visit action resources on sustainable behavior change. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 25(9), 1205–1221. https://doi.org/10.1080/09669582.2016.1257629
- Clarke, G. K., Jarosch, A. H., Anslow, F. S., Radić, V., & Menounos, B. (2015). Projected deglaciation of western Canada in the twenty-first century. Nature Geoscience, 8(5), 372–377. https://doi.org/10.1038/ngeo2407
- Cohen, J. (1992). A power primer. Psychological Bulletin, 112(1), 155. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.112.1.155
- Coles, T., Fenclova, E., & Dinan, C. (2013). Tourism and corporate social responsibility: A critical review and research agenda. Tourism Management Perspectives, 6, 122–141. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tmp.2013.02.001
- Cutler, S. Q., & Carmichael, B. A. (2010). The dimensions of the tourist experience. In M. Morgan, P. Lugosi, & J. R. B. Ritchie (Eds.), The tourism and leisure experience: Consumer and managerial perspectives (pp. 3–26). Channel View Publication.
- Dann, G. M. (1977). Anomie, ego-enhancement and tourism. Annuals of Tourism Research, 4(4), 184–194.
- Dodds, R., & Kuehnel, J. (2010). CSR among Canadian mass tour operators: Good awareness but little action. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 22(2), 221–244. https://doi.org/10.1108/09596111011018205
- Dubois, G., & Ceron, J. P. (2006). Tourism and climate change: Proposals for a research agenda. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 14(4), 399–415. https://doi.org/10.2167/jost539.0
- Falk, A., & Heckman, J. J. (2009). Lab experiments are a major source of knowledge in the social sciences. Science, 326(5952), 535–538.
- Fong, L. H. N., Law, R., Tang, C. M. F., & Yap, M. H. T. (2016). Experimental research in hospitality and tourism: A critical review. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 28(2), 246–266. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJCHM-10-2014-0506
- Goldberg, J., Birtles, A., Marshall, N., Curnock, M., Case, P., & Beeden, R. (2018). The role of great barrier reef tourism operators in addressing climate change through strategic communication and direct action. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 26(2), 238–256. https://doi.org/10.1080/09669582.2017.1343339
- Groulx, M., Boluk, K., Lemieux, C. J., & Dawson, J. (2019). Place stewardship among last chance tourists. Annals of Tourism Research, 75, 202–212. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.annals.2019.01.008
- Groulx, M., Lemieux, C. J., Lewis, J. L., & Brown, S. (2017). Understanding consumer behaviour and adaptation planning responses to climate-driven environmental change in Canada’s parks and protected areas: A climate futurescapes approach. Journal of Environmental Planning and Management, 60(6), 1016–1035. https://doi.org/10.1080/09640568.2016.1192024
- Guo, T., Smith, J. W., Moore, R. L., & Schultz, C. L. (2017). Integrating off-site visitor education into landscape conservation and management: An examination of timing of educational messaging and compliance with low-impact hiking recommendations. Landscape and Urban Planning, 164, 25–36. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landurbplan.2017.03.013
- Hosany, S., & Witham, M. (2010). Dimensions of cruisers’ experiences, satisfaction, and intention to recommend. Journal of Travel Research, 49(3), 351–364. https://doi.org/10.1177/0047287509346859
- Hugenholtz, C. H., Moorman, B. J., Barlow, J., & Wainstein, P. A. (2008). Large-scale moraine deformation at the Athabasca Glacier, Jasper National Park, Alberta, Canada. Landslides, 5(3), 251–260. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10346-008-0116-5
- Hui, T. K., Wan, D., & Ho, A. (2007). Tourists’ satisfaction, recommendation and revisiting Singapore. Tourism Management, 28(4), 965–975. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2006.08.008
- Hvenegaard, G. T., Marshall, H. J., & Lemelin, R. (2016). Hot interpretation of controversial topics at batoche national historic site, Saskatchewan, Canada. Journal of Interpretation Research, 21(2), 45–62. https://doi.org/10.1177/109258721602100204
- Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change [IPCC]. (2014). Climate change 2014: Synthesis report. Contribution of Working Groups I, II and III to the Fifth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. IPCC.
- IPCC. (2018). Summary for policymakers. In V. Masson-Delmotte, P. Zhai, H.-O. Pörtner, D. Roberts, J. Skea, P. R. Shukla, A. Pirani, W. Moufouma-Okia, C. Péan, R. Pidcock, S. Connors, J. B. R. Matthews, Y. Chen, X. Zhou, M. I. Gomis, E. Lonnoy, T. Maycock, M. Tignor, & T. Waterfield (Eds.), Global warming of 1.5°C. An IPCC special report on the impacts of global warming of 1.5°C above pre-industrial levels and related global greenhouse gas emission pathways, in the context of strengthening the global response to the threat of climate change, sustainable development, and efforts to eradicate poverty (pp. 1–24). World Meteorological Organization.
- Jacobs, M. H., & Harms, M. (2014). Influence of interpretation on conservation intentions of whale tourists. Tourism Management, 42, 123–131. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2013.11.009
- Jasper National Park. (2017). Columbia icefield area and the athabasca glacier. Parks Canada. https://www.pc.gc.ca/en/pn-np/ab/jasper/activ/itineraires-itineraries/explore-interets/glacier-athabasca
- Kaján, E., & Saarinen, J. (2013). Tourism, climate change and adaptation: A review. Current Issues in Tourism, 16(2), 167–195. https://doi.org/10.1080/13683500.2013.774323
- Kang, M., & Gretzel, U. (2012). Effects of podcast tours on tourist experiences in a national park. Tourism Management, 33(2), 440–455. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2011.05.005
- Kastenholz, E., Carneiro, M. J., & Eusébio, C. (2018). Diverse socializing patterns in rural tourist experiences–a segmentation analysis. Current Issues in Tourism, 21(4), 401–421. https://doi.org/10.1080/13683500.2015.1087477
- Kim, J. H., & Jang, S. S. (2014). A scenario-based experiment and a field study: A comparative examination for service failure and recovery. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 41, 125–132. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhm.2014.05.004
- Kleiber, D. A., Walker, G. J., & Mannell, R. C. (2011). Chapter 4: Leisure experience. In D. A. Kleiber, G. J. Walker, & R. C. Mannell (Eds.), A social psychology of leisure (pp. 99–128). Venture Publishing, Inc.
- Kotrlik, J. W., Williams, H. A., & Jabor, M. K. (2011). Reporting and interpreting effect size in quantitative agricultural education research. Journal of Agricultural Education, 52(1), 132–142. https://doi.org/10.5032/jae.2011.01132
- Lee, T. H., & Jan, F. H. (2015). The influence of recreation experience and environmental attitude on the environmentally responsible behavior of community-based tourists in Taiwan. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 23(7), 1063–1094. https://doi.org/10.1080/09669582.2015.1032298
- Lee, T. H., Jan, F. H., & Huang, G. W. (2015). The influence of recreation experiences on environmentally responsible behavior: The case of Liuqiu Island, Taiwan. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 23(6), 947–967. https://doi.org/10.1080/09669582.2015.1024257
- Lejano, R. P., Tavares-Reager, J., & Berkes, F. (2013). Climate and narrative: Environmental knowledge in everyday life. Environmental Science & Policy, 31, 61–70. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envsci.2013.02.009
- Lemelin, H., Dawson, J., Stewart, E. J., Maher, P., & Lueck, M. (2010). Last-chance tourism: The boom, doom, and gloom of visiting vanishing destinations. Current Issues in Tourism, 13(5), 477–493. https://doi.org/10.1080/13683500903406367
- Lemieux, C. J., Groulx, M., Halpenny, E., Stager, H., Dawson, J., Stewart, E. J., & Hvenegaard, G. T. (2018). “The end of the ice age?”: Disappearing world heritage and the climate change communication imperative. Environmental Communication, 12(5), 653–671. https://doi.org/10.1080/17524032.2017.1400454
- Lim, E. A., Manohar, M., Aziz, A., & Zakaria, M. (2016). Influencing secondary school STUDENTS’conservation behavior intention through an interpretive education program on the malayan tapir. Evaluation and Program Planning, 58(C), 60–69. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.evalprogplan.2016.05.008
- Luckman, B., & Kavanagh, T. (2000). Impact of climate fluctuations on mountain environments in the Canadian Rockies. A Journal of the Human Environment, 29(7), 371–380. https://doi.org/10.1579/0044-7447-29.7.371
- Manthiou, A., Lee, S., Tang, L., & Chiang, L. (2014). The experience economy approach to festival marketing: Vivid memory and attendee loyalty. Journal of Services Marketing, 28(1), 22–35. https://doi.org/10.1108/JSM-06-2012-0105
- McNicol, B., & Rettie, K. (2018). Tourism operators’ perspectives of environmental supply of guided tours in national parks. Journal of Outdoor Recreation and Tourism, 21, 19–29. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jort.2017.11.004
- Melena, S. (2014). What’s preventing you from interpreting climate change. Legacy, 25(1), 24–26.
- Morgan, M., Lugosi, P., & Ritchie, J. R. B. (2010). The tourism and leisure experience: Consumer and managerial perspectives. Channel View Publication.
- Moser, S. C. (2010). Communicating climate change: History, challenges, process and future directions. Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Climate Change, 1(1), 31–53.https://doi.org/10.1002/wcc.11
- National Aeronautics and Space Administration [NASA]. (2018). Global climate change: Vital signs of the planet. National Aeronautics and Space Administration. https://climate.nasa.gov/
- Nunnally, J. C. (1978). Psychometric Theory. McGraw-Hill.
- O’Neill, S., & Nicholson-Cole, S. (2009). “Fear won’t do it” promoting positive engagement with climate change through visual and iconic representations. Science Communication, 30(3), 355–379. https://doi.org/10.1177/1075547008329201
- Oh, H., Fiore, A. M., & Jeoung, M. (2007). Measuring experience economy concepts: Tourism applications. Journal of Travel Research, 46(2), 119–132. https://doi.org/10.1177/0047287507304039
- Parks Canada. (2010). Management plan. Jasper National Park of Canada.
- Parks Canada. (2017). Canadian rocky mountain parks. Parks Canada. https://www.pc.gc.ca/en/culture/spm-whs/sites-canada/sec02h
- Parks Canada. (2019). A brief history of the icefields parkway. Parks Canada. https://www.pc.gc.ca/en/pn-np/ab/jasper/activ/itineraires-itineraries/promenadedesglaciers-icefieldsparkway/PGhistoire-IPhistory
- Pine, B. J., & Gilmore, J. H. (1999). The experience economy: Work is theatre & every business a stage. Harvard Business Press.
- Prayag, G., Hosany, S., Muskat, B., & Del Chiappa, G. (2017). Understanding the relationships between tourists’ emotional experiences, perceived overall image, satisfaction, and intention to recommend. Journal of Travel Research, 56(1), 41–54. https://doi.org/10.1177/0047287515620567
- Pursuit. (2018). A once-in-a-lifetime experience. Pursuit Banff Jasper Collection. https://www.banffjaspercollection.com/attractions/glacier-adventure/experience/
- Ro, H., & Kubickova, M. (2013). The use of student subjects in hospitality research: Insights from subjective knowledge. Journal of Quality Assurance in Hospitality & Tourism, 14(4), 295–320. https://doi.org/10.1080/1528008X.2013.802624
- Rodger, K., Taplin, R. H., & Moore, S. A. (2015). Using a randomised experiment to test the causal effect of service quality on visitor satisfaction and loyalty in a remote national park. Tourism Management, 50, 172–183. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2015.01.024
- Sandford, R. W. (2016). The Columbia Icefield (3rd ed.). BC: Rocky Mountain Books Ltd.
- Sanseverino, M., & Higgs, E. (2018). The mountain legacy project: exploring 150 years of landscape change in the Canadian Mountain West. In L. Parrott, Z. Robinson, & D. Hik (Eds.), State of the Mountains Report (pp. 22–24). The Alpine Club of Canada.
- Scannell, L., & Gifford, R. (2013). Personally relevant climate change: The role of place attachment and local versus global message framing in engagement. Environment and Behavior, 45(1), 60–85. https://doi.org/10.1177/0013916511421196
- Schweizer, S., Davis, S., & Thompson, J. L. (2013). Changing the conversation about climate change: A theoretical framework for place-based climate change engagement. Environmental Communication: A Journal of Nature and Culture, 7(1), 42–62. https://doi.org/10.1080/17524032.2012.753634
- Scott, D., Gössling, S., & Hall, C. M. (2012). International tourism and climate change. Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Climate Change, 3(3), 213–232. https://doi.org/10.1002/wcc.11
- Stewart, E. J., Wilson, J., Espiner, S., Purdie, H., Lemieux, C., & Dawson, J. (2016). Implications of climate change for glacier tourism. Tourism Geographies, 18(4), 377–398. https://doi.org/10.1080/14616688.2016.1198416
- Tavakol, M., & Dennick, R. (2011). Making sense of Cronbach’s alpha. International Journal of Medical Education, 2, 53–55. https://doi.org/10.5116/ijme.4dfb.8dfd
- Tennant, C., & Menounos, B. (2013). Glacier change of the Columbia Icefield, Canadian Rocky Mountains, 1919–2009. Journal of Glaciology, 59(216), 671–686. https://doi.org/10.3189/2013JoG12J135
- United Nations [UN]. (2018). Climate change. United Nations. http://www.un.org/en/sections/issues-depth/climate-change/
- Wang, C. Y., Mattila, A. S., & Bartlett, A. (2009). An examination of explanation typology on perceived informational fairness in the context of air travel. Journal of Travel & Tourism Marketing, 26(8), 795–805. https://doi.org/10.1080/10548400903356194
- Warren, F. J., & Lemmen, D. S. (2014). Canada in a changing climate: Sector perspectives on impacts and adaptation. Government of Canada.
- Weber, M., Groulx, M., Lemieux, C. J., Scott, D., & Dawson, J. (2019). Balancing the dual mandate of conservation and visitor use at a Canadian world heritage site in an era of rapid climate change. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 27(9), 1318–1337. https://doi.org/10.1080/09669582.2019.1620754
- Wei, W., Miao, L., Cai, L. A., & Adler, H. (2012). The influence of self-construal and co-consumption others on consumer complaining behavior. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 31(3), 764–771. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhm.2011.09.013
- Weingart, P., Engels, A., & Pansegrau, P. (2000). Risks of communication: Discourses on climate change in science, politics, and the mass media. Public Understanding of Science, 9(3), 261–284. https://doi.org/10.1088/0963-6625/9/3/304
- Wheaton, M., Ardoin, N. M., Hunt, C., Schuh, J. S., Kresse, M., Menke, C., & Durham, W. (2016). Using web and mobile technology to motivate pro-environmental action after a nature-based tourism experience. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 24(4), 594–615. https://doi.org/10.1080/09669582.2015.1081600
- Yoon, Y., & Uysal, M. (2005). An examination of the effects of motivation and satisfaction on destination loyalty: A structural model. Tourism Management, 26(1), 45–56. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2003.08.016