Psychopathy in Offenders with Intellectual Disabilities: A Comparison of the PCL-R and PCL:SV

REFERENCES

• Allen, D. (2000). Recent research on physical aggression in persons with intellectual disability: An overview. Journal of Intellectual and Developmental Disability, 25, 41–57. doi: 10.1080/132697800112776
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• American Psychiatric Association. (1994). Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of mental disorders (4th ed.). Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Association.
   Google Scholar
• American Psychiatric Association. (2000). Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of mental disorders (Text Revision, 4th ed.). Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Association.
   Google Scholar
• Augustinus, F. (2006). Intelligentie, recidive en risicotaxatie. Een onderzoek naar de relatie tussen intelligentie en recidive & intelligentie en de voorspellende waarde van de HCR-20, HKT-30 en PCL-R in een steekproef (ex)ter beschikking gestelden. Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
   Google Scholar
• Caldwell, M. F. (2011). Treatment-related changes in behavioral outcomes of psychopathy facets in adolescent offenders. Law and Human Behavior, 35, 275–287. doi: 10.1007/s10979-010-9239-z
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cicchetti, D. V. (1994). Guidelines, criteria, and rules of thumb for evaluating normed and standardized assessment instruments in psychology. Psychological Assessment, 6, 284–290. doi: 10.1037/1040-3590.6.4.284
   Google Scholar
• Cooke, D. J., & Michie, C. (1999). Psychopathy across cultures: North America and Scotland compared. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 108, 58–68. doi: 10.1037/0021-843X.108.1.58
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cooke, D. J., & Michie, C. (2001). Refining the construct of psychopathy: Towards a hierarchical model. Psychological Assessment, 13, 171–188. doi: 10.1037/1040-3590.13.2.171
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cooke, D. J., Michie, C., Hart, S. D., & Hare, R. D. (1999). Evaluating the Screening Version of the Hare Psychopathy Checklist—Revised (PCL:SV): An item response theory analysis. Psychological Assessment, 11(1), 3–13. doi: 10.1037/1040-3590.11.1.3
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Desmarais, S. L., Nicholls, T. L., Wilson, C. M., & Brink, J. (2012). Using dynamic risk and protective factors to predict inpatient aggression: Reliability and validity of START assessments. Psychological Assessment, 24, 685–700. doi: 10.1037/a0026668
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dolan, M., & Davies, G. (2006). Psychopathy and institutional outcome in patients with schizophrenia in forensic settings in the UK. Schizophrenia Research, 81, 277–281. doi: 10.1016/j.schres.2005.07.002
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dolan, M., Fullam, R., Logan, C., & Davies, G. (2008). The Violence Risk Scale Second Edition (VRS-2) as a predictor of institutional violence in a British forensic inpatient sample. Psychiatry Research, 158, 55–65. doi: 10.1016/j.psychres.2006.08.014
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Douglas, K. S., Yeomans, M., & Boer, D. P. (2005). Comparative Validity Analysis of Multiple Measures of Violence Risk in a Sample of Criminal Offenders. Criminal Justice and Behavior, 32, 479–510. doi: 10.1177/0093854805278411
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Field, A. (2009). Discovering statistics using SPSS (third edition). London: Sage Publications.
   Google Scholar
• Finlay, W. M., & Lyons, E. (2001). Methodological issues in interviewing and using self-report questionnaires with people with mental retardation. Psychological Assessment, 13, 319–335. doi: 10.1037/1040-3590.13.3.319
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fleiss, J. L. (1986). The design and analysis of clinical experiments. New York, NY: John Wiley.
   Google Scholar
• Gray, N. S., Fitzgerald, S., Taylor, J., MacCulloch, M. J., & Snowden, R. J. (2007). Predicting future reconviction in offenders with intellectual disabilities: The predictive efficacy of VRAG, PCL–SV, and the HCR–20. Psychological Assessment, 19, 474–479. doi: 10.1037/1040-3590.19.4.474
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Guy, L. S., & Douglas, K. S. (2006). Examining the utility of the PCL:SV as a screening measure using competing factor models of psychopathy. Psychological Assessment, 18, 225–230. doi: 10.1037/1040-3590.18.2.225
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Guy, L. S., Edens, J. F., Anthony, C., & Douglas, K. S. (2005). Does psychopathy predict institutional misconduct among adults? A meta-analytic investigation. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 73, 1056–1064. doi: 10.1037/0022-006X.73.6.1056
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hare, R. D. (1991). Hare Psychopathy Checklist–Revised (PCL–R). Toronto, ON: Multi-Health Systems.
   Google Scholar
• Hare, R. D. (2003). Manual for the Revised Psychopathy Checklist (2nd Ed.). Toronto, ON: Multi-Health Systems.
   Google Scholar
• Hart, S. D., Cox, D. N., & Hare, R. D. (1995). The Hare Psychopathy Checklist: Screening version. Toronto, ON: Multi-Health Systems.
   Google Scholar
• Hawes, S. W., Boccaccini, M. T., & Murrie, D. C. (2013). Psychopathy and the combination of psychopathy and sexual deviance as predictors of sexual recidivism: Meta-analytic findings using the Psychopathy Checklist—Revised. Psychological Assessment, 25, 233–243. doi: 10.1037/a0030391
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hemphill, J. F., Hare, R. D., & Wong, S. (1998). Psychopathy and recidivism: A review. Legal and Criminological Psychology, 3, 139–170. doi: 10.1111/j.2044-8333.1998.tb00355.x
   Google Scholar
• Hildebrand, M., & de Ruiter, C. (2010). Researchversie van de Hare Psychopathie Checklist: Screening Versie. In preparation.
   Google Scholar
• Hildebrand, M., De Ruiter, C., & Nijman, H. (2004). PCL-R psychopathy predicts disruptive behavior among male offenders in a Dutch forensic psychiatric hospital. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 19, 13–29. doi: 10.1177/0886260503259047
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hill, C. D., Neumann, C. S., & Rogers, R. (2004). Confirmatory factor analysis of the Psychopathy Checklist: Screening Version in offenders with axis I disorders. Psychological Assessment, 16, 90–95. doi: 10.1037/1040-3590.16.1.90
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kort, W., Schittekatte, M., Bosmans, M., Compaan, E. L., Dekker, P. H., Vermeir, G., & Verhaeghe, P. (2005). WISC-III-NL. Amsterdam: Pearson Testpublisher.
   Google Scholar
• Koster van Groos, G. A. S. (2001). Handleiding bij de diagnostische criteria DSM-IV-TR. Amsterdam: Swets & Zeitlinger.
   Google Scholar
• Leistico, A. R., Salekin, R. T., DeCoster, J., & Rogers, R. (2008). A large-scale meta-analysis relating the Hare measures of psychopathy to antisocial conduct. Law and Human Behavior, 32, 28–45. doi: 10.1007/s10979-007-9096-6
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Luteijn, F., & Barelds, D. P. H. (2004). Git2. Groninger Intelligentie Test 2. Amsterdam: Harcourt Assessment.
   Google Scholar
• McDermott, B. E., Quanbeck, C. D., Busse, D., Yastro, K., & Scott, C. L. (2008). The accuracy of risk assessment instruments in the prediction of impulsive versus predatory aggression. Behavioral Sciences & the Law, 26, 759–777. doi: 10.1002/bsl.842
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Morrissey, C. (2008). Guidelines for assessing psychopathy in offenders with intellectual disabilities using the PCL:R and PCL:SV. Retrieved July 7, 2012, from http://mhinstitute.org.uk/-publications-/working-papers-/item/28-guidelines-for-assessing-psychopathy-in-offenders-with-intellectual-disabilities-using-the-pclr-and-pclsv.html
   Google Scholar
• Morrissey, C., Hogue, T., Mooney, P., Allen, C., Johnston, S., Hollin, C., … Taylor, J. L. (2007). Predictive validity of the PCL-R in offenders with intellectual disability in a high secure hospital setting: Institutional aggression. Journal of Forensic Psychiatry & Psychology, 18, 1–15. doi: 10.1080/08990220601116345
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Morrissey, C., Hogue, T. E., Mooney, P., Lindsay, W. R., Steptoe, L., Taylor, J., & Johnston, S. (2005). Applicability, reliability and validity of the Psychopathy Checklist-Revised in offenders with intellectual disabilities: Some initial findings. The International Journal of Forensic Mental Health, 4, 207–220. doi: 10.1080/14999013.2005.10471225
   Google Scholar
• Morrissey, C., & Hollin, C. (2011). Antisocial and psychopathic personality disorders in forensic intellectual disability populations: What do we know so far? Psychology, Crime & Law, 17, 133–149. doi: 10.1080/10683160903392442
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nijman, H. L. I., Muris, P., Merckelbach, H. L. G. J., Palmstierna, T., Wistedt, B., Vos, A. M., … Allertz, W. (1999). The Staff Observation Aggression Scale—Revised (SOAS—R). Aggressive Behavior, 25, 197–209. doi: 10.1002/(SICI)1098-2337(1999)25: 3<197::AID-AB4>3.0.CO;2-C
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nijman, H. L. I., Palmstierna, T., Almvik, R., & Stolker, J. J. (2005). Fifteen years of research with the Staff Observation Aggression Scale: A review. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica, 111, 12–21. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0447.2004.00417.x
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Palmstierna, T., & Wistedt, B. (1987). Staff observation aggression scale, SOAS: Presentation and evaluation. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica, 76, 657–663. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0447.1987.tb02936.x
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Prout, H. T., & Strohmer, D. C. (1991). The Emotional Problem Scales. Odessa, FL: Psychological Assessment Resources.
   Google Scholar
• Quinsey, V. L., Harris, G. T., Rice, M. E., & Cormier, C. A. (2006). Violent offenders: Appraising and managing risk. Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.
   Google Scholar
• Raven, J. C. (2006). RAVEN-NL. Amsteradam: Pearson Testpublisher.
   Google Scholar
• Raven, J. C., Court, J. H., & Raven, J. (1983). Manual for Raven's progressive matrices and vocabulary scales. London: H. K. Lewis.
   Google Scholar
• Rice, M. E., & Harris, G. T. (2005). Comparing effect sizes in follow-up studies: ROC Area, Cohen's d, and r. Law and Human Behavior, 29, 615–620. doi: 10.1007/s10979-005-6832-7
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Salekin, R. T., Rogers, R., & Sewell, K. W. (1996). A review and meta-analysis of the Psychopathy Checklist and Psychopathy Checklist—Revised: Predictive validity of dangerousness. Clinical Psychology: Science and Practice, 3, 203–215. doi: 10.1111/j.1468-2850.1996.tb00071.x
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sigafoos, J., Elkins, J., Kerr, M., & Atwoord, T. (1994). A survey of aggressive behaviour among a population of persons with intellectual disability in Queensland. Journal of Intellectual Disability Research, 38, 369–381.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Skeem, J. L., Monahan, J., & Mulvey, E. P. (2002). Psychopathy, treatment involvement, and subsequent violence among civil psychiatric patients. Law and Human Behavior, 26(6), 577–603. doi: 10.1023/A:1020993916404
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Taylor, J. L. (2002). A review of the assessment and treatment of anger and aggression in offenders with intellectual disability. Journal of Intellectual Disability Research, 46(Suppl 1), 57–73. doi: 10.1046/j.1365-2788.2002.00005.x
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tenneij, N. H., Goedhard, L. E., Stolker, J. J., Nijman, H., & Koot, H. M. (2009). The correspondence between the Staff Observation Aggression Scale-Revised and two other indicators for aggressive incidents. Archives of psychiatric nursing, 23, 283–288. doi: 10.1016/j.apnu.2008.07.001
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Uterwijk, J. (2000). WAIS III: Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale. Nederlandstalige bewerking. Technische handleiding. Lisse, the Netherlands: Swets & Zeitlinger.
   Google Scholar
• Vertommen, H., Verheul, R., de Ruiter, C., & Hildebrand, M. (2002). Handleiding bij de herziene versie van Hare's Psychpathie Checklist. Lisse, the Netherlands: Swets Test Publishers.
   Google Scholar
• Walters, G. D. (2003). Predicting institutional adjustment and recidivism with the psychopathy checklist factor scores: A meta-analysis. Law and Human Behavior, 27, 541–558. doi: 10.1023/A:1025490207678
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Webster, C. D., Douglas, K. S., Eaves, D., & Hart, S. D. (1997). HCR-20: Assessing risk for violence (Version 2). Burnaby, BC: Simon Fraser University.
   Google Scholar
• Wechsler, D. (1974). Manual for the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children–Revised. New York, NY: The Psychological Corporation.
   Google Scholar
• Wechsler, D. (1991). The Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children – Third Edition. San Antonio, TX: The Psychological Corporation.
   Google Scholar
• Wechsler, D. (1997). The Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale – Third Edition. San Antonio, TX: The Psychological Corporation.
   Google Scholar
• Wechsler, D., van Haasen, P. P., de Bruyn, E. E. J., Pijl, Y. L., Poortinga, Y. H., Lutje Spelberg, H. C., … Stinissen, J. (1986). Wechsler intelligence scale for children-revised: Nederlandstalige uitgave: verantwoording (WISC-RN). Amsterdam, the Netherlands: Pearson Testpublisher.
   Google Scholar
• Yang, M., Wong, S. C., & Coid, J. (2010). The efficacy of violence prediction: A meta-analytic comparison of nine risk assessment tools. Psychological Bulletin, 136, 740–767.doi: 10.1037/a0020473.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar