755
Views
20
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Original Articles

Changes in Visitor Demand: Inter-year Comparisons of Swedish Hikers' Characteristics, Preferences and Experiences

&
Pages 38-53 | Published online: 15 Dec 2011

References

  • Alegre , J. and Pou , L. 2006 . The length of stay in the demand of tourism . Tourism Management , 27 : 1343 – 1355 . doi:10.1016/j.tourman.2005.06.012
  • Barros , C. P. and Machado , L. P. 2010 . The length of stay in tourism . Annals of Tourism Research , 37 : 692 – 706 . doi:10.1016/j.annals.2009.12.005
  • Beedie , P. and Hudson , S. 2003 . Emergence of mountain based adventure tourism . Annals of Tourism Research , 30 : 625 – 643 . doi:10.1016/S0160-7383(03)00043-4
  • Bultena , G. L. and Field , D. R. 1978 . Visitors to national parks: A test of the elitism argument . Leisure Sciences , 1 : 395 – 410 . doi: 10.1080/01490407809512897
  • Bäck , L. and Bäck , E. 1986 . Effekterna av ett vägbygge – väg 98 mellan Kiruna och Riksgränsen. En studie av friluftslivet i Norrbottensfjällen 1979–1985 [Effects of a Road Construction – Highway 98 between Kiruna and Riksgränsen. A Study of Outdoor Life in the Mountains of Norrbotten in 1979–1985] (ACTA Universitatis Upsaliensis C 52). Uppsala, Sweden: Uppsala University
  • Bäck , L. and Hedlund , L. 1982 . Vandringsturismen i Norrbottensfjällen 1980 [Hiking tourism in the Mountains of Norrbotten 1980] (Naturvårdsverkets Rapport 1572). Solna, Sweden: Statens naturvårdsverk
  • Chhetri , P. , Arrowsmith , C. and Jackson , M. 2004 . Determining hiking experiences in nature-based tourist destinations . Tourism Management , 24 : 31 – 43 . doi:10.1016/S0261-5177(03)00057-8
  • Collins , D. and Tisdell , C. 2002 . Age-related lifecycles: Purpose variations . Annals of Tourism Research , 29 : 801 – 818 . doi:10.1016/S0160-7383(01)00081-0
  • Colman , J. , Jacobsen , B. and Reimers , E. 2001 . Summer response distance of Svalbard reindeer Rangifer tarandus platyrhynchus to provocation by humans on foot . Wildlife Biology , 7 : 275 – 283 .
  • Cordell , H. K. and Super , G. R. 2000 . “ Trends in Americans' outdoor recreation ” . In Trends in outdoor recreation, leisure and tourism , Edited by: Gartner , W. C. and Lime , D. W. Wallingford, , UK : CABI Publishing .
  • Dann , G. 1977 . Anomie, ego-enhancement and tourism . Annals of Tourism Research , 4 : 184 – 194 .
  • Dupuis , L. 2002 . Winter tourism in protected pleasure peripheries. Time-space use among cross-country skiers in Abisko (Sweden) and Vercors (France) . Scandinavian Journal of Hospitality and Tourism , 4 ( 2 ) : 177 – 192 . doi: 10.1080/15022250410003861
  • Dwyer , J. F. 1994 . Customer diversity and the future demand for outdoor recreation (General Technical Report RM-252). Fort Collins, CO: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Forest and Range Experiment Station
  • Dwyer , L. 2005 . “ Trends underpinning global tourism in the coming decade ” . In Global Tourism , 3 , Edited by: Theobald , W. F. 529 – 545 . Maryland Heights, MO : Butterworth-Heinemann .
  • Fredman , P. and Heberlein , T. A. 2003 . “ Trender i svensk fjällturism 1980–2000 [Trends in Swedish Mountain Tourism 1980–2000] ” . In Svensk turismforskning – en tvärvetenskaplig antologi om turister, turistdestinationer och turismorganisationer Edited by: Larsson , M. 69 – 84 . Östersund, Sweden: ETOUR V 2003:13
  • Fredman , P. and Heberlein , T. A. 2005 . Visits to the Swedish mountains: Constraints and motivations . Scandinavian Journal of Hospitality and Tourism , 5 ( 3 ) : 177 – 192 . doi:10.1080/15022250500266583
  • Fredman , P. , Hörnsten Friberg , L. and Emmelin , L. 2005 . Friluftsliv och turism i Fulufjället. Före–efter nationalparksbildningen [Outdoor Recreation and Tourism in Fulufjället. Before – After the National Park Establishment] (Naturvårdsverket, rapport 5467. Dokumentation av de svenska nationalparkerna, nr 18). Stockholm, Sweden: Naturvårdsverket
  • Fredman , P. and Tyrväinen , L. 2010 . Frontiers in nature-based tourism . Scandinavian Journal of Hospitality and Tourism , 10 ( 3 ) : 177 – 189 . doi:10.1080/15022250.2010.502365
  • Glover , P. and Prideaux , B. 2008 . Using population projections to identify aspects of future tourism demand . Advances in Hospitality and Leisure , 4 : 185 – 209 . doi: 10.1016/S1745-3542(08)00009-X
  • Gurholt , K. P. 2008 . Norwegian friluftsliv and ideals of becoming an ‘educated man’ . Journal of Adventure Education and Outdoor Learning , 8 : 55 – 70 . doi:10.1080/14729670802097619
  • Hall , C. M. 2005 . Tourism: Rethinking the social sciences of mobility , Harlow, , UK : Pearson Education/Prentice Hall .
  • Hall , C. M. and Page , S. J. 2006 . The geography of tourism and recreation: Environment, place and space , 3 , London : Routledge .
  • Hammitt , W. E. and Madden , M. A. 1989 . Cognitive dimensions of wilderness privacy: A field test and further explanations . Leisure Science , 11 : 293 – 301 . doi:10.1080/01490408909512228
  • Haukeland , J. V. , Grue , B. and Veisten , K. 2010 . Turning national parks into tourist attractions: Nature orientation and quest for facilities . Scandinavian Journal of Hospitality and Tourism , 10 ( 3 ) : 248 – 271 . doi:10.1080/15022250.2010.502367
  • Heberlein , T. A. , Fredman , P. and Vuorio , T. 2002 . Current tourism patterns in the Swedish mountain region . Mountain Research and Development , 22 : 142 – 149 . doi:10.1659/0276-4741(2002)022[0142:CTPITS]2.0.CO;2
  • Heintzman , P. 2010 . Nature-based recreation and spirituality: A complex relationship . Leisure Sciences , 32 : 72 – 89 . doi:10.1080/01490400903430897
  • Higham , J. E.S. 1997 . “ Visitors to New Zealand's back-country conservation estate ” . In Tourism planning and policy in Australia and New Zealand , Edited by: Hall , C. M. , Jenkins , J. and Kearsley , G. 75 – 86 . Sydney, , Australia : Irwin Publishers .
  • Janke , M. , Davey , A. and Kleiber , D. 2006 . Modeling change in older adults' leisure activities . Leisure Sciences , 28 : 285 – 303 . doi:10.1080/01490400600598145
  • Kajala , L. , Almik , A. , Dahl , R. , Dikšaitė , L , Erkkonen , J. , Fredman , P. , Jensen , F. S. , Karoles , K. , Sievänen , T. , Skov-Petersen , H. , Vistad , O. I. and Wallsten , P. 2007 . Visitor monitoring in nature areas – a manual based on experiences from the Nordic and Baltic countries Edited by: Kajala , L. , Almik , A. , Dahl , R. , Dikšaitė , L , Erkkonen , J. , Fredman , P. , Jensen , F. S. , Karoles , K. , Sievänen , T. , Skov-Petersen , H. , Vistad , O. I. and Wallsten , P. TemaNord 534. Copenhagen: Nordic Council of Ministers/Stockholm: Swedish Environmental Protection Agency
  • Kim , S. S. , Lee , C-K. and Klenosky , D. B. 2002 . The influence of push and pull factors at Korean national parks . Tourism Management , 24 : 169 – 180 . doi:10.1016/S0261-5177(02)00059-6
  • Komppula , R. 2006 . Developing the quality of a tourist experience product in the case of nature-based activity services . Scandinavian Journal of Hospitality and Tourism , 6 ( 2 ) : 136 – 149 . doi:10.1080/15022250600667425
  • Kuentzel , W. F. and Heberlein , T. A. 2003 . More visitors, less crowding: Change and stability of norms over time at the Apostle Islands . Journal of Leisure Research , 35 : 349 – 371 .
  • Kyle , G. , Graefe , A. , Manning , R. and Bacon , J. 2004 . Effects of place attachment on users' perceptions of social and environmental conditions in a natural setting . Journal of Environmental Psychology , 24 : 213 – 225 . doi:10.1016/j.jenvp.2003.12.006
  • Légaré , A-M. and Haider , W. 2008 . Trend analysis of motivation-based clusters at the Chilkoot Trail national historic site of Canada . Leisure Sciences , 30 : 158 – 176 . doi:10.1080/01490400701881465
  • Manning , R. 1999 . Studies in outdoor recreation: Search and research for satisfaction , 2 , Corvallis, OR : Oregon State University Press .
  • Mehmetouglu , M. 2004 . Quantitative or qualitative? A content analysis of Nordic research in tourism and hospitality . Scandinavian Journal of Hospitality and Tourism , 4 : 176 – 190 . doi:10.1080/15022250410003889
  • Mowen , A. J. , Payne , L. L. and Scott , D. 2005 . Change and stability in park visitation constraints revisited . Leisure Sciences , 27 : 191 – 204 . doi:10.1080/01490400590912088
  • Needham , M. and Rollins , R. 2009 . “ Social science, conservation, and protected areas theory ” . In Parks and protected areas in Canada: Planning and management , 3 , Edited by: Dearden , P. and Rollins , R. 135 – 168 . Don Mills, ON : Oxford University Press .
  • Needham , M. , Wood , C. and Rollins , R. 2004 . Understanding summer visitors and their experiences at the Whistler Mountain ski area, Canada . Mountain Research and Development , 24 : 234 – 242 . doi:10.1659/0276-4741(2004)024[0234:USVATE]2.0.CO;2
  • Odden , A. 2008 . Hva skjer med norsk friluftsliv? En studie av utviklingstrekk i norsk friluftsliv 1970–2004 [What is happening in Norwegian outdoor recreation: A study of trends in Norwegian outdoor recreation 1970–2004] (Doctoral dissertation). Trondheim, Norway: Gegrafisk institt, NTNU
  • Pomfret , G. 2006 . Mountaineering adventure tourists: A conceptual framework for research . Tourism Management , 27 : 113 – 123 . doi:10.1016/j.tourman.2004.08.003
  • Ryan , C. 2000 . Tourist experiences, phenomenographic analysis, post-positivism and neutral network software . International Journal of Tourism Research , 2 : 119 – 131 . doi:10.1002/(SICI)1522-1970(200003/04)2:2<119::AID-JTR193>3.0.CO;2-G
  • Ryan. , C. and Trauer , B. 2005 . “ Aging populations: Trends and the emergence of the nomad tourist ” . In Global tourism , 3 , Edited by: Theobald , W. F. 510 – 528 . Maryland Heights, MO : Butterworth-Heinemann .
  • Sandell , K. 2005 . Access, tourism and democracy: A conceptual framework and the non-establishment of a proposed national park in Sweden . Scandinavian Journal of Hospitality and Tourism , 5 ( 1 ) : 63 – 75 . doi:10.1080/15022250510014291
  • Stokowski , P. A. and Lee , R. G. 1991 . The influence of social network ties on recreation and leisure: An exploratory study . Journal of Leisure Research , 23 : 95 – 113 .
  • Swedish Statistics (SCB) . 2004 . Fritid 1976–2002 Levnadsförhållanden, rapport 103
  • Vaux , H. 1975 . The distribution of income among wilderness users . Journal of Leisure Research , 7 : 29 – 37 .
  • Vistad , O. I. and Vorkinn , M. in press . “ The wilderness purism construct – experiences from Norway with a simplified version of the purism scale ” . In Forest Policy and Economics, 14
  • Vorkinn , M. 2011 . Bruk og brukere i Jotunheimen 1992, 2002 og 2010–Dokumentasjonsrapport [Use and users in Jotunheimen 1992, 2002 and 2010 – Documentation Report] Fylkesmannen i Oppland, miløvernavdelningen, Rapp. Nr. 07/11
  • Wall-Reinius , S. 2009 . “ A ticket to national parks? Tourism, railways, and the establishment of national parks in Sweden ” . In Tourism and national Parks: International perspectives on development, histories and change , Edited by: Frost , W. and Hall , C. M. 184 – 196 . London, , UK : Routledge .
  • Wall-Reinius , S. 2010 . “ Researching tourists in the outdoors – challenges and experiences from protected areas in Sweden ” . In Fieldwork in tourism: Methods, issues and reflections , Edited by: Hall , C. M. 232 – 239 . London, , UK : Routledge .
  • Wall-Reinius , S. 2011 . “ Wilderness and culture: Tourist views and experiences in the Laponian World Heritage Area ” . In Society & Natural Resources Accepted
  • Wall-Reinius , S. and Fredman , P. 2007 . Protected areas as attractions . Annals of Tourism Research , 34 : 839 – 854 . doi:10.1016/j.annals.2007.03.011

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.