716
Views
5
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Articles

Situations and Dispositions: How to Rescue the Military Virtues from Social Psychology

References

  • Appiah, Anthony. 2008. Experiments in Ethics. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
  • Aristotle. 2012. Nicomachean Ethics, Translated by Robert Bartlett and Susan Collins. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
  • Arjoon, Surendra. 2008. “Reconciling Situational Social Psychology with Virtue Ethics.” International Journal of Management Reviews 10 (3): 221–243.
  • Athanassoulis, Nafsika. 2000. “A Response to Harman: Virtue Ethics and Character Traits.” Proceedings of the Aristotelian Society 100 (1): 215–221.
  • Bandura, Albert. 1999. “Moral Disengagement in the Perpetration of Inhumanities.” Personality and Social Psychology Review 3 (3): 193–209.
  • Bargewell, Eldon A. 2007. “‘Simple Failures’ and ‘Disastrous Results’.” Washington Post, April 21. Accessed June 20, 2017. http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2007/04/20/AR2007042002309.html.
  • Berghaus, Paul, and Nathan Cartagena. 2013. “Developing Good Soldiers: The Problem of Fragmentation Within the Army.” Journal of Military Ethics 12 (4): 287–303.
  • Browning, Christopher R. 1992. Ordinary Men: Reserve Police Battalion 101 and the Final Solution in Poland. New York: HarperCollins.
  • van Burken, Christine. 2014. “Moral Decision Making in Network Enabled Operations.” Doctoral diss., Eindhoven University.
  • Coleman, Stephen. 2009. “The Problems of Duty and Loyalty.” Journal of Military Ethics 8 (2): 105–115.
  • Cook, Martin L. 2015. “Military Ethics and Character Development.” In Handbook of Military Ethics, edited by George Lucas, 97–106. New York: Routledge.
  • Cook, Martin L., and Henrik Syse. 2010. “What Should We Mean by ‘Military Ethics’?” Journal of Military Ethics 9 (2): 119–122.
  • Croom, Adam M. 2014. “Vindicating Virtue: a Critical Analysis of the Situationist Challenge Against Aristotelian Moral Psychology.” Integrative Psychological and Behavioral Science 48 (1): 18–47.
  • Darley, John M., and C. Daniel Batson. 1973. “‘From Jerusalem to Jericho’: A Study of Situational and Dispositional Variables in Helping Behavior.” Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 27 (1): 100–108.
  • van Doorn, J. A. A. 1975. The Soldier and Social Change. London: Sage.
  • Doris, John M. 1998. “Persons, Situations, and Virtue Ethics.” Noûs 32 (4): 504–530.
  • Doris, John M. 2002. Lack of Character: Personality and Moral Behavior. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  • Doris, John, and Dominic Murphy. 2007. “From My Lai to Abu Ghraib: The Moral Psychology of Atrocity.” Midwest Studies in Philosophy 31 (1): 25–55.
  • Eshleman, Andrew. 2009. “Moral Responsibility.” In The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy (Winter 2009 edition). Accessed June 20, 2017. http://plato.stanford.edu/archives/win2009/entries/moral-responsibility/.
  • Fenigstein, Allan. 2015. “Milgram’s Shock Experiments and the Nazi Perpetrators: A Contrarian Perspective on the Role of Obedience Pressures During the Holocaust.” Theory & Psychology 25 (5): 581–598.
  • Foot, Philippa. 2002. Virtues and Vices and Other Essays in Moral Philosophy. Oxford: Clarendon Press.
  • Gabriel, Richard A. 1982. To Serve with Honor: A Treatise on Military Ethics and the Way of the Soldier. Westport, CT: Greenwood Press.
  • Goldhagen, Daniel J. 1996. Hitler’s Willing Executioners: Ordinary Germans and the Holocaust. New York: Alfred A. Knopf.
  • Griggs, Richard A. 2014. “Coverage of the Stanford Prison Experiment in Introductory Psychology Textbooks.” Teaching of Psychology 41 (3): 195–203.
  • Griggs, Richard A. 2015. “The Disappearance of Independence in Textbook Coverage of Asch’s Social Pressure Experiments.” Teaching of Psychology 42 (2): 137–142.
  • Griggs, Richard A. and George I. Whitehead III. 2014. “Coverage of the Stanford Prison Experiment in Introductory Social Psychology Textbooks.” Teaching of Psychology 41 (4): 318–324.
  • Griggs, R. A., and George I. Whitehead III. 2015. “Coverage of Recent Criticisms of Milgram’s Obedience Experiments in Introductory Social Psychology Textbooks.” Theory & Psychology 25 (5): 564–580.
  • Harman, Gilbert. 1999. “Moral Philosophy Meets Social Psychology: Virtue Ethics and the Fundamental Attribution Error.” Proceedings of the Aristotelian Society 99 (1): 315–331.
  • Harman, Gilbert. 2003. “No Character or Personality.” Business Ethics Quarterly 13 (1): 87–94.
  • von Hayek, Friedrich A. 1990. The Constitution of Liberty. London: Routledge & Kegan Paul.
  • Hooft, Stan van. 2014. “Introduction.” In The Handbook of Virtue Ethics, edited by S. van Hooft, 1–14. London: Routledge.
  • Lipstadt, Deborah E. 2011. The Eichmann Trial. New York: Nextbook Press/Schocken.
  • Littell, Jonathan. 2009. The Kindly Ones. London: Vintage Books.
  • Mastroianni, George R. 2011. “The Person-Situation Debate: Implications for Military Leadership and Civilian-Military Relations.” Journal of Military Ethics 10 (1): 2–16.
  • Mastroianni, George R. 2013. “Looking Back: Understanding Abu Ghraib.” Parameters 43 (2): 53–65.
  • Mastroianni, George R. 2015. “Obedience in Perspective: Psychology and the Holocaust.” Theory & Psychology 25 (5): 657–669.
  • Mathews, Kenneth E. and Lance K. Canon. 1975. “Environmental Noise Level as a Determinant of Helping Behavior.” Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 32 (4): 571–577.
  • Mestrovic, Stjepan G. 2016. Trials of Abu Ghraib: An Expert Witness Account of Shame and Honor. London: Routledge.
  • Milgram, Stanley. 1963. “Behavioral Study of Obedience.” Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology 67 (4): 371–378.
  • Milgram, Stanley. 1974. Obedience to Authority: An Experimental View. New York: HarperCollins.
  • Miller, Christian. 2014. “The Problem of Character.” In The Handbook of Virtue Ethics, edited by S. van Hooft, 418–429. London: Routledge.
  • Moran, Charles. 1945. The Anatomy of Courage. London: Constable.
  • Neitzel, Sonke, and Harald Welzer. 2012. Soldaten: On Fighting, Killing, and Dying. The Secret World War II Transcripts of German POWs. New York: Alfred A. Knopf.
  • Olsthoorn, Peter. 2009. “A Critique of Integrity: Has a Commander a Moral Obligation to Uphold his Own Principles?” Journal of Military Ethics 8 (2): 90–104.
  • Perry, Gina. 2013. Behind the Shock Machine: The Untold Story of the Notorious Milgram Psychology Experiments. New York: New Press.
  • Prinz, Jesse. 2009. “The Normativity Challenge: Cultural Psychology Provides the Real Threat to Virtue Ethics.” The Journal of Ethics 13 (2–3): 117–144.
  • Rawls, John. 1993. Political Liberalism. New York: Columbia Univer­sity Press.
  • Robinson, Paul. 2007. “Ethics Training and Development in the Military.” Parameters 37 (Spring): 22–36.
  • Robinson, Paul. 2009. “The Fall of the Warrior King: Situational Ethics in Iraq.” In Ethics Education for Irregular Warfare, edited by Don Carrick, James Connelly and Paul Robinson, 75–86. Aldershot: Ashgate.
  • Sandin, Per. 2007. “Collective Military Virtues.” Journal of Military Ethics 6 (4): 303–314.
  • Schaubroeck, John M., S. T. Hannah, B. J. Avolio, S. W. J. Kozlowski, R. G. Lord, L. K. Trevino, N. Dimotakis, and A. C. Peng. 2012. “Embedding Ethical Leadership Within and Across Organization Levels.” Academy of Management Journal 55 (5): 1053–1078.
  • Schut, Michelle. 2015. “Soldiers as Strangers: Morally and Culturally Critical Situations During Military Missions.” Doctoral diss., University of Nijmegen.
  • Schwitzgebel, Eric, and Joshua Rust. 2014. “The Moral Behavior of Ethics Professors: Relationships among Self-Reported Behavior, Expressed Normative Attitude, and Directly Observed Behavior.” Philosophical Psychology 27 (3): 293–327.
  • Smith, Eliot R., and Diane M. Mackie. 2000. Social Psychology. Philadelphia, PA: Psychology Press.
  • Sreenivasan, Gopal. 2002. “Errors About Errors: Virtue Theory and Trait Attribution.” Mind 111 (441): 47–68.
  • Sturcke James. 2005. “Abu Ghraib Inmates ‘Like Cheerleaders’.” The Guardian, January 11. Accessed Jun 20, 2017. https://www.theguardian.com/world/2005/jan/11/iraq.usa.
  • Verweij, Desiree, Kim Hofhuis, and Joseph Soeters. 2007. “Moral Judgement Within the Armed Forces.” Journal of Military Ethics 6 (1): 19–40.
  • Webber, Jonathan. 2006. “Virtue, Character and Situation.” Journal of Moral Philosophy 3 (2): 193–213.
  • Zimbardo, Philip G. 2007. The Lucifer Effect: Understanding How Good People Turn Evil. New York: Random House.

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.