Depth of principal mass anomalies contributing to the earth's geoidal undulations and gravity anomaliesFootnote∗

Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution Contribution # 4612.

References

• Anderson , R. N. , McKenzie , D. P. and Sclater , J. C. 1973 . Gravity, Bathymetry, and Convection in the Earth . Earth Planet, Sci. Lett. , 18 : 391 – 407 .
   Google Scholar
• Bolt , B. A. 1972a . Structure of the Earth's Core from Seismological Evidence , Berkeley, , Calif. : Dept. of Geol. and Geophys., Univ. of California .
   Google Scholar
• Bolt , B. A. 1972b . The Density Distribution Near the Base of the Mantle and Near the Earth's Center . Phys. Earth Planet. Interiors , 5 : 301 – 311 .
   Google Scholar
• Bolt , B. A. 1977 . The Detection of PKIIKP and Damping in the Inner Core . Ann. Geofis. , 30 : 507 – 519 .
   Google Scholar
• Bott , M. H. P. 1971 . The Mantle Transition Zone as Possible Source of Global Gravity Anomalies . Earth and Planet. Sci. Lett. , 11 : 28 – 34 .
   Google Scholar
• Bowin , C. , Simon , B. and Wollenhaupt , W. R. 1975 . Mascons: A Two‐Body Solution . J. Geophys. Res. , 80 : 4947 – 4955 .
   Google Scholar
• Bowin , C. , Warsi , W. and Milligan , J. in press . Free‐Air Gravity Anomaly Map and Atlas of the World . Geological Society of America, Map and Chart Series, MC‐45 (Map) and MC‐46 (Atlas) ,
   Google Scholar
• Bowin , C. O. 1976 . Caribbean Gravity Field and Plate Tectonics . Geol. Soc. of America , 169 Special Paper
   Google Scholar
• Brace , K. Preliminary Ocean‐area Geoid from Geos‐III Satellite Radar Altimetry . Paper presented at Geos‐III meeting . Nov. 1977 . New Orleans, La. : NASA .
   Google Scholar
• Bullen , K. E. 1975 . The Earth's Density , New York : John Wiley .
   Google Scholar
• Chapman , M. E. D. 1977 . Geoid Anomaly over Mid‐Ocean Ridges (Abstract) . Trans. Amer. Geophys. Un. , 58 : 368
   Google Scholar
• Chapman , M. E. D. 1978 . Shape of the Ocean Surface and Implications for the Earth's Interior , 206 Columbia University . Ph.D. Thesis; unpublished
   Google Scholar
• Chapman , M. E. D. 1979 . Techniques for Interpretation of Geoid Anomalies . J. Geophys. Res. , 84 : 3793 – 3801 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chase , C. G. 1979 . Subduction, the Geoid, and Lower Mantle Convection . Nature , 282 : 464 – 468 .
   Google Scholar
• Cochran , J. R. 1973 . Gravity and Magnetic Investigations in the Guiana Basin, Western Equatorial Atlantic . Geol. Soc. of America Bulletin , 84 : 3249 – 3268 .
   Google Scholar
• Cochran , J. R. and Talwani , M. 1977 . Free‐Air Gravity Anomalies in the World's Oceans and Their Relationship to Residual Evaluation . Geophys. J. Roy. Astr. Soc , 50 : 495 – 552 .
   Google Scholar
• Cochran , J. R. and Talwani , M. 1978 . Gravity Anomalies, Regional Elevation and the Deep Structure of the North Atlantic . J. Geophys. Res. , 83 : 4907 – 4924 .
   Google Scholar
• Crough , T. S. 1979 . Geoid Anomalies across Fracture Zones and the Thickness of the Lithosphere . Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. , 44 : 224 – 230 .
   Google Scholar
• Dehlinger , P. 1978 . Marine Gravity , 322 Amsterdam : Elsevier .
   Google Scholar
• Gaposchkin , E. M. and Lambeck , K. 1971 . Earth's Gravity Field to the Sixteenth Degree and Station Coordinates from Satellite and Terrestrial Data . J. Geophys. Res. , 76 : 4855 – 4883 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Garland , G. D. 1957 . The Figure of the Earth's Core and the Non‐Dipole Field . J. Geophys. Res. , 62 : 486 – 487 .
   Google Scholar
• Goldreich , P. and Toomre , A. 1969 . Some Remarks on Polar Wandering . J. Geophys. Res. , 74 : 2555 – 2567 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Haddon , R. A. W. and Cleary , J. R. 1974 . Evidence for Scattering of Seismic PKP Waves near the Mantle‐Core Boundary . Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors , 8 : 211 – 234 .
   Google Scholar
• Heiskanen , W. and Moritz , H. 1967 . Physical Geodesy , San Francisco : W. H. Freeman & Co. .
   Google Scholar
• Hide , R. and Horai , K. 1968 . On the Topography of the Core‐Mantle Interface . Phys. Earth Planet. Interiors , 1 : 305 – 308 .
   Google Scholar
• Higbie , J. and Stacey , F. D. 1971 . Interpretation of Global Gravity Anomalies . Nature Phys. Sci. , 234 : 130 – 132 .
   Google Scholar
• Jordan , S. K. 1978 . Statistical Model for Gravity, Topography, and Density Contrasts in the Earth . J. Geophys. Res. , 83 : 1816 – 1824 .
   Google Scholar
• Kaula , W. M. 1972a . “ Global Gravity and Tectonics ” . In The Nature of the Solid Earth , Edited by: Robertson , E. C. 385 – 405 . New York : McGraw‐Hill .
   Google Scholar
• Kaula , W. M. 1972b . Global Gravity and Mantle Convection . Tectonophysics , 13 : 341 – 359 .
   Google Scholar
• Khan , M. A. 1977 . Depth of Sources of Gravity Anomalies. Geophys. / . Roy. Astr. Soc , 48 : 197 – 209 .
   Google Scholar
• Lambeck , K. 1976 . Lateral Density Anomalies in the Upper Mantle . J. Geophys. Res. , 81 : 6333 – 6340 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lambeck , K. A Review of Satellite Geodesy and the Earth's Gravity Field . Preprint of paper presented at Second International Symposium on the Use of Artificial Satellites for Geodesy and Geodynamics . Athens, Greece.
   Google Scholar
• Leitao , C. D. 1974 . Skylab Radar Altimeter: Short‐Wavelength Perturbations Detected in Ocean Surface Profiles . Science , 186 : 1208 – 1209 .
   Google Scholar
• Lerch , F. J. , Klosko , S. M. , Laubscher , R. E. and Wagner , C. A. 1979 . Gravity Model Improvement Using Geos 3 (GEM 9 and 10) . J. Geophys. Res. , 84 : 3897 – 3916 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Marsh , B. D. and Marsh , J. G. 1976 . On Global Gravity Anomalies and Two‐Scale Mantle Convection . J. Geophys. Res. , 81 : 5267 – 5280 .
   Google Scholar
• Martin , C. F. and Kolenkiewicz , R. June 1980 . Calibration Validation for the GEOS‐3 Altimeter , N.A.S.A. Technical Memorandum 80710 June ,
   Google Scholar
• McQueen , H. W. S. and Stacey , F. D. 1976 . Interpretation of Low Degree Components of Gravitational Potential in Terms of Undulations of Mantle Phase Boundaries . Tectonophysics , 34 : T1 – T8 .
   Google Scholar
• Menard , W. 1973 . Depth Anomalies and the Bobbing Motion of Drifting Islands . J. Geophys. Res. , 78 : 5128 – 5137 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nettleton , L. L. 1940 . Geophysical Prospecting for Oil , New York : McGraw‐Hill .
   Google Scholar
• Pollack , H. N. 1973 . Spherical Harmonic Representation of the Gravitational Potential of a Point Mass, a Spherical Cap, and a Spherical Rectangle . J. Geophys. Res. , 78 : 1760 – 1768 .
   Google Scholar
• Rabinowitz , P. B. 1976 . “ Free‐air Gravity Anomalies ” . In “The Argentine Continental Margin.” , AAPG series NY : Lamont‐Doherty Geol. Obs. of Columbia Univ. .
   Google Scholar
• Rapp , R. H. 1979 . Geos‐3 Data Processing for the Recovery of Geoid Undulations and Gravity Anomalies . J. Geophys. Res. , 84 : 3784 – 3792 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Runcorn , S. K. 1966 . “ Satellite Gravity Observations and Convection in the Mantle ” . In The World Rift System , Paper 66–14 Edited by: Irvine , T. N. 364 – 372 . Ottawa : Geological Society of Canada .
   Google Scholar
• Runcorn , S. K. 1967 . Flow in the Mantle Inferred from the Low Degree Harmonics of the Geopotential . Geophys. J. Roy. Astr. Soc , 14 : 375 – 384 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Talwani , M. and Ewing , M. 1960 . Rapid Computation of Gravitational Attraction of Three‐dimensional Bodies of Arbitrary Size . Geophysics , 25 : 203 – 225 .
   Google Scholar
• Watts , A. B. 1979 . A Preliminary Analysis of Geoid Heights Derived from Geos‐3 Altimeter Data along the Hawaiian‐Emperor Seamount Chain . J. Geophys. Res. , 84 : 3817 – 3826 .
   Google Scholar
• Watts , A. B. and Talwani , M. 1975 . Gravity Field of the Northwest Pacific Ocean Basin and Its Margin: Hawaii and Vicinity . Geol. Soc. of America Special Map and Chart Series , MC‐9.
   Google Scholar
• Watts , A. B. , Bodine , J. H. and Bowin , C. O. 1978 . Free‐air Gravity Field. Map in “Geophysical Atlas of the East and Southeast Asian Seas.” . Geol. Soc. of America Special Map and Chart Series , MC‐25.
   Google Scholar
• Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution Contribution # 4612.
   Google Scholar