1,781
Views
28
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Original Articles

Self-Control Depletion and Narrative: Testing a Prediction of the TEBOTS Model

, &
Pages 196-220 | Received 11 Feb 2014, Accepted 14 Oct 2014, Published online: 03 Feb 2015

REFERENCES

  • Albrecht, J. E., O'Brien, E. J., Mason, R. A., & Myers, J. L. (1995). The role of perspective in the accessibility of goals during reading. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 21, 364–372. doi:10.1037/0278-7393.21.2.364
  • Bartsch, A., Mangold, R., Viehoff, R., & Vorderer, P. (2006). Emotional gratifications during media use—An integrative approach. Communications, 31, 261–278. doi:10.1515/COMMUN.2006.018
  • Baumeister, R. F. (1998). The self. In D. T. Gilbert, S. T. Fiske, & G. Lindzey (Eds.), Handbook of social psychology (4th ed., pp. 680–740). New York, NY: McGraw-Hill.
  • Baumeister, R. F., Bratslavsky, E., Muraven, M., & Tice, D. M. (1998). Ego depletion: Is the active self a limited resource? Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 74, 1252–1265. doi:10.1037/0022-3514.74.5.1252
  • Baumeister, R. F., Schmeichel, B. J., & Vohs, K. D. (2007). Self-regulation and the executive function: The self as controlling agent. In A. W. Kruglanksi & E. T. Higgins (Eds.), Social psychology: Handbook of basic principles (2nd ed., pp. 516–539). New York, NY: Guilford Press.
  • Brunyé, T. T., Ditman, T., Mahoney, C. R., Augustyn, J. S., & Taylor, H. A. (2009). When you and I share perspectives: Pronouns modulate perspective taking during narrative comprehension. Psychological Science, 20, 27–32. doi:10.1111/j.1467-9280.2008.02249.x
  • Brunyé, T. T., Ditman, T., Mahoney, C. R., & Taylor, H. A. (2011). Better you than I: Perspectives and emotion simulation during narrative comprehension. Journal of Cognitive Psychology, 23, 659–666. doi:10.1080/20445911.2011.559160
  • Bruyneel, S. D., Dewitte, S., Franses, P. H., & Dekimpe, M. G. (2009). I felt low and my purse feels light: Depleting mood regulation attempts affect risk decision making. Journal of Behavioral Decision Making, 22, 153–170. doi:10.1002/bdm.619
  • Busselle, R., & Bilandzic, H. (2009). Measuring narrative engagement. Media Psychology, 12, 321–347. doi:10.1080/15213260903287259
  • Cohen, J. (2001). Defining identification: A theoretical look at the identification of audiences with media characters. Mass Communication and Society, 4, 245–264. doi:10.1207/S15327825MCS0403_01
  • Deci, E. L., & Ryan, R. M. (1990). A motivational approach to self: Integration in personality. In R. Dienstbier (Ed.), Nebraska symposium on motivation: Perspectives on motivation (Vol. 38, pp. 237–288). Lincoln, NE: University of Nebraska Press.
  • Derrick, J. L. (2013). Energized by television: Familiar fictional worlds restore self-control. Social Psychological and Personality Science, 4, 299–307. doi:10.1177/1948550612454889
  • Derrick, J. L., Gabriel, S., & Hugenberg, K. (2009). Social surrogacy: How favored television programs provide the experience of belonging. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 45, 352–362. doi:10.1016/j.jesp.2008.12.003
  • DeWall, C. N., Baumeister, R. F., Stillman, T. F., & Gailliot, M. T. (2007). Violence restrained: Effects of self-regulation and its depletion on aggression. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 43, 62–76. doi:10.1016/j.jesp.2005.12.005
  • Fisher, W. R. (1984). Narration as a human communication paradigm: The case of public moral argument. Communication Monographs, 51, 1–22. doi:10.1080/03637758409390180
  • Gabriel, S., & Young, A. F. (2011). Becoming a vampire without being bitten: The narrative collective-assimilation hypothesis. Psychological Science, 22, 990–994. doi:10.1177/0956797611415541
  • Green, M. C., & Brock, T. C. (2000). The role of transportation in the persuasiveness of public narratives. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 79, 701–721. doi:10.1037//0022-3514.79.5.701
  • Green, M. C., Brock, T. C., & Kaufman, G. F. (2004). Understanding media enjoyment: The role of transportation into narrative worlds. Communication Theory, 14, 311–327. doi:10.1111/j.1468-2885.2004.tb00317.x
  • Greenwood, D. N. (2008). Television as escape from self: Psychological predictors of media involvement. Personality and Individual Differences, 44, 414–424. doi:10.1016/j.paid.2007.09.001
  • Hagger, M. S., Wood, C., Stiff, C., & Chatzisarantis, N. L. (2010). Ego depletion and the strength model of self-control: A meta-analysis. Psychological Bulletin, 136, 495–525. doi:10.1037/a0019486
  • Hall, A., & Zwarun, L. (2012). Challenging entertainment: Enjoyment, transportation, and need for cognition in relation to fictional films viewed online. Mass Communication and Society, 15, 384–406. doi:10.1080/15205436.2011.583544
  • Hayes, A. F. (2013). Introduction to mediation, moderation, and conditional process analysis. A regression-based approach. New York, NY: Guilford Press.
  • Hefner, D., Klimmt, C., & Vorderer, P. (2007). Identification with the player character as determinant of video game enjoyment. In L. Ma, R. Nakatsu, & M. Rauterberg (Eds.), Entertainment computer—ICEC 2006: Lecture notes in computer science (Vol. 4740, pp. 39–48). Berlin, Germany: Springer. doi:10.1007/978-3-540-74873-1_6
  • Horton, D., & Wohl, R. R. (1956). Mass communication and para-social interaction: Observations on intimacy at a distance. Psychiatry, 19, 215–229.
  • Igartua, J.-J. (2010). Identification with characters and narrative persuasion through fictional feature films. Communications, 35, 347–373. doi:10.1515/comm.2010.019
  • Jackson, S. (1992). Message effects research: Principles of design and analysis. New York, NY: Guilford Press.
  • Katz, E., & Foulkes, D. (1962). On the use of the mass media as “escape”: Clarification of a concept. Public Opinion Quarterly, 26, 377–388. doi:10.1086/267111
  • Kaufman, G. F., & Libby, L. K. (2012). Changing beliefs and behavior through experience-taking. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 103, 1–19. doi:10.1037/a0027525
  • Klin, C. M., & Drumm, A. M. (2010). Seeing what they read and hearing what they say: Readers' representation of the story characters' world. Psychonomic Bulletin and Review, 17, 231–236. doi:10.3758/PBR.17.2.231
  • Knobloch, S. (2003). Mood adjustment via mass communication. Journal of Communication, 53, 233–250. doi:10.1111/j.1460-2466.2003.tb02588.x
  • Knobloch-Westerwick, S. (2006). Mood management: Theory, evidence, and advancements. In J. Bryant & P. Vorderer (Eds.), Psychology of entertainment (pp. 239–254). Mahwah, NJ: Erlbaum.
  • Lee, K. M. (2004). Presence, explicated. Communication Theory, 14, 27–50. doi:10.1111/j.1468-2885.2004.tb00302.x
  • Mar, R. A., & Oatley, K. (2008). The function of fiction is the abstraction and simulation of social experience. Perspectives on Psychological Science, 3, 173–192. doi:10.1111/j.1745-6924.2008.00073.x
  • Mar, R. A., Oatley, K., Djikic, M., & Mullin, J. (2011). Emotion and narrative fiction: Interactive influences before, during, and after reading. Cognition and Emotion, 25, 818–833. doi:10.1080/02699931.2010.515151
  • Mar, R. A., Oatley, K., Hirsch, J., dela Paz, J., & Peterson, J. B. (2006). Bookworms versus nerds: Exposure to fiction versus non-fiction, divergent associations with social ability, and the simulation of fictional social worlds. Journal of Research in Personality, 40, 694–712. doi:10.1016/j.jrp.2005.08.002
  • Mar, R. A., Oatley, K., & Peterson, J. B. (2009). Exploring the link between reading fiction and empathy: Ruling out individual differences and examining outcomes. Communications, 34, 407–428. doi:10.1515/COMM.2009.025
  • Mattingly, B. A., & Lewandowski, Jr., G. W. (2013). The power of one: Benefits of individual self-expansion. Journal of Positive Psychology, 8, 12–22. doi:10.1080/17439760.2012.746999
  • Mattingly, B. A., & Lewandowski, Jr., G. W. (2014). Broadening horizons: Self-expansion in relational and non-relational contexts. Social and Personality Psychology Compass, 8, 30–40. doi:10.1111/spc3.12080
  • McAuley, E., Duncan, T., & Tammen, V. V. (1989). Psychometric properties of the Intrinsic Motivation Inventory in a competitive sport setting: A confirmatory factor analysis. Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport, 60, 48–58. doi:10.1080/02701367.1989.10607413
  • Muraven, M., & Baumeister, R. F. (2000). Self-regulation and depletion of limited resources: Does self-control resemble a muscle? Psychological Bulletin, 126, 247–259. doi:10.1037/0033-2909.126.2.247
  • Muraven, M., Tice, D. M., & Baumeister, R. F. (1998). Self-control as a limited resource: Regulatory depletion patterns. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 74, 774–789. doi:10.1037/0022-3514.74.3.774
  • Oatley, K. (1999). Meeting of minds: Dialogue, sympathy, and identification, in reading fiction. Poetics, 26, 439–454. doi:10.1016/S0304-422X(99)00011-X
  • Oliver, M. B. (2008). Tender affective states as predictors of entertainment preference. Journal of Communication, 58, 40–61. doi:10.1111/j.1460-2466.2007.00373.x
  • Oliver, M. B., & Bartsch, A. (2010). Appreciation as audience response: Exploring entertainment gratifications beyond hedonism. Human Communication Research, 36, 53–81. doi:10.1111/j.1468-2958.2009.01368.x
  • Reinecke, L. (2009). Games and recovery: The use of video and computer games to recuperate from stress and strain. Journal of Media Psychology, 21, 126–142. doi:10.1027/1864-1105.21.3.126
  • Reinecke, L., Hartmann, T., & Eden, A. (2014). The guilty couch potato: The role of ego-depletion in reducing recovery through media use. Journal of Communication, 64, 569–589. doi:10.1111/jcom.12107
  • Reinecke, L., Klatt, J., & Krämer, N. C. (2011). Entertaining media use and the satisfaction of recovery needs: Recovery outcomes associated with the use of interactive and noninteractive entertaining media. Media Psychology, 14, 192–215. doi:10.1080/15213269.2011.573466
  • Reinecke, L., Tamborini, R., Grizzard, M., Lewis, R., Eden, A., & Bowman, N. D. (2012). Characterizing mood management as need satisfaction: The effects of intrinsic needs on selective exposure and mood repair. Journal of Communication, 62, 437–453. doi:10.1111/j.1460-2466.2012.01649.x
  • Ryan, R. M. (1982). Control and information in the intrapersonal sphere: An extension of cognitive evaluation theory. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 43, 450–461. doi:10.1037/0022-3514.43.3.450
  • Ryan, R. M., & Deci, E. L. (2008). From ego depletion to vitality: Theory and findings concerning the facilitation of energy available to the self. Social and Personality Psychology Compass, 2, 702–717. doi:10.1111/j.1751-9004.2008.00098.x
  • Shedlosky-Shoemaker, R., Costabile, K. A., & Arkin, R. M. (2014). Self-expansion through fictional characters. Self and Identity, 13, 556–578. doi:10.1080/15298868.2014.882269
  • Slater, M. D. (1997). Persuasion processes across receiver goals and message genres. Communication Theory, 7, 125–148. doi:10.1111/j.1468-2885.1997.tb00145.x
  • Slater, M. D., Johnson, B. K., Cohen, J., Comello, M. L. G., & Ewoldsen, D. R. (2014). Temporarily expanding the boundaries of the self: Motivations for entering the story world and implications for narrative effects. Journal of Communication, 64, 439–455. doi:10.1111/jcom.12100
  • Slater, M. D., & Rouner, D. (2002). Entertainment-education and elaboration likelihood. Understanding the processing of narrative persuasion. Communication Theory, 12, 173–191. doi:10.1093/ct/12.2.173
  • Tal-Or, N., & Cohen, J. (2010). Understanding audience involvement: Conceptualizing and manipulating identification and transportation. Poetics, 38, 402–418. doi:10.1016/j.poetic.2010.05.004
  • Tamborini, R., Bowman, N. D., Eden, A., Grizzard, M., & Organ, A. (2010). Defining media enjoyment as the satisfaction of intrinsic needs. Journal of Communication, 60, 758–777. doi:10.1111/j.1460-2466.2010.01513.x
  • Tamborini, R., Grizzard, M., Bowman, N. D., Reinecke, L., Lewis, R. J., & Eden, A. (2011). Media enjoyment as need satisfaction: The contribution of hedonic and nonhedonic needs. Journal of Communication, 61, 1025–1042. doi:10.1111/j.1460-2466.2011.01593.x
  • Tice, D. M., Baumeister, R. F., Shmueli, D., & Muraven, M. (2007). Restoring the self: Positive affect helps improve self-regulation following ego depletion. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 43, 379–384. doi:10.1016/j.jesp.2006.05.007
  • Vorderer, P., Klimmt, C., & Ritterfeld, U. (2004). Enjoyment: At the heart of media entertainment. Communication Theory, 14, 388–408. doi:10.1111/j.1468-2885.2004.tb00321.x
  • Wagner, D. D., & Heatherton, T. F. (2013). Self-regulatory depletion increases emotional reactivity in the amygdala. Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience, 8, 410–417. doi:10.1093/scan/nsss082
  • Watson, D., Clark, L. A., & Tellegen, A. (1988). Development and validation of brief measures of positive and negative affect: The PANAS scales. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 54, 1063–1070. doi:10.1037/0022-3514.54.6.1063
  • Zillmann, D. (1988). Mood management through communication choices. American Behavioral Scientist, 31, 327–340. doi:10.1177/000276488031003005
  • Zillmann, D., & Bryant, J. (1985). Affect, mood, and emotion as determinants of selective exposure. In D. Zillmann & J. Bryant (Eds.), Selective exposure to communication (pp. 157–190). Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.