Elaborative Talk During and After an Event: Conversational Style Influences Children's Memory Reports

REFERENCES

• Bauer , P. J. , & Wewerka , S. S. ( 1995 ). One- to two-year-olds' recall of events: The more expressed, the more impressed . Journal of Experimental Child Psychology , 59 , 475 – 496 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Boland , A. M. , Haden , C. A. , & Ornstein , P. A. ( 2003 ). Boosting children's memory by training mothers to use an elaborative conversational style as an event unfolds . Journal of Cognition and Development , 4 , 39 – 65 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cain , W. J. ( 2004 ). Telling stories: Examining the effects of elaborative style, reporting condition, and social class in preschoolers' narratives . Merrill-Palmer Quarterly , 50 , 139 – 158 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Conroy , R. , & Salmon , K. ( 2006 ). Talking about parts of a past experience: The impact of discussion style and event structure on memory for discussed and non-discussed information . Journal of Experimental Child Psychology , 95 , 278 – 297 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dunn , L. M. , & Dunn , L. M. ( 1997 ) . Peabody picture vocabulary test form IIIA and form IIIB ) , (3rd ed. ; Circle Pines , MN : American Guidance Service .
   Google Scholar
• Farrant , K. , & Reese , E. ( 2000 ). Maternal style and children's participation in reminiscing: Stepping stones in children's autobiographical memory development . Journal of Cognition and Development , 1 , 193 – 225 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fivush , R. , & Fromhoff , F. A. ( 1988 ). Style and structure in mother-child conversations about the past . Discourse Processes , 11 , 337 – 355 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fivush , R. , Haden , C. A. , & Adam , S. (1995). Structure and coherence of preschoolers' personal narratives over time: Implications for childhood amnesia. Journal of Experimental Child Psychology , 60, 32–56.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fivush , R. , Haden , C. A. , & Reese , E. ( 1996 ). Remembering, recounting, and reminiscing: The development of autobiographical memory in social context . In D. C. Rubin (Ed.), Remembering our past: Studies of autobiographical memory (pp. 341 – 359 ). New York : Cambridge .
   Google Scholar
• Fivush , R. , Haden , C. A. , & Reese , E. ( 2006 ). Elaborating on elaborations: Role of maternal reminiscing style in cognitive and socioemotional development . Child Development , 77 , 1568 – 1588 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Haden , C. A. ( 1998 ). Reminiscing with different children: Relating maternal stylistic consistency and sibling similarity in talk about the past . Developmental Psychology , 34 , 99 – 114 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Haden , C. A. , Haine , R. A. , & Fivush , R. ( 1997 ). Developing narrative structure in parent–child reminiscing across the preschool years . Developmental Psychology , 33 , 295 – 307 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Haden , C. A. , Ornstein , P. A. , Eckerman , C. O. , & Didow , S. M. ( 2001 ). Mother–child conversational interactions as events unfold: Linkages to subsequent remembering . Child Development , 72 , 1016 – 1031 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Haden , C. A. , Ornstein , P. A. , Rudek , D. J. , & Cameron , D. ( 2009 ). Reminiscing in the early years: Patterns of maternal elaborativeness and children's remembering . International Journal of Behavioral Development , 33 , 118 – 130 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Harley , K. , & Reese , E. ( 1999 ). Origins of autobiographical memory . Developmental Psychology , 35 , 1338 – 1348 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hedrick , A. M. , San Souci , P. , Haden , C. A. , & Ornstein , P. A. ( 2009 ). Mother–child joint conversational exchanges during events: Linkages to children's memory reports over time . Journal of Cognition and Development , 10 , 143 – 161 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hudson , J. A. ( 1990 ). The emergence of autobiographical memory in mother–child conversation . In R. Fivush & J. A. Hudson (Eds.), Knowing and remembering in young children (pp. 166 – 196 ). New York : Cambridge University Press .
   Google Scholar
• Hudson , J. A. ( 1993 ). Reminiscing with mothers and others: Autobiographical memory in young two-year-olds . Journal of Narrative and Life History , 3 , 1 – 32 .
   Google Scholar
• Hudson , J. A. ( 2002 ). Do you know what we're going to do this summer? Mother's talk to preschool children about future events . Journal of Cognitive Development , 3 , 49 – 71 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Leichtman , M. D. , Pillemer , D. B. , Wang , Q. , Koreishi , A. , & Han , J. J. ( 2000 ). When baby Maisy came to school: Mothers' interview styles and preschoolers' event memories . Cognitive Development , 15 , 99 – 114 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Maxwell , S. E. ( 1990 ). Why are interactions so difficult to detect? Behavioral and Brain Sciences , 13 , 140 – 141 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Maxwell , S. E. , & Delaney , H. D. ( 2004 ). Designing experiments and analyzing data: A model comparison perspective ) , (2nd ed. . Mahwah , NJ : Erlbaum .
   Google Scholar
• McCabe , A. , & Peterson , C. ( 1991 ). Getting the story: A longitudinal study of parental styles in eliciting narratives and developing narrative skill . In A. McCabe & C. Peterson (Eds.), Developing narrative structure (pp. 217 – 253 ). Hillsdale, New Jersey : Lawrence Erlbaum .
   Google Scholar
• McGuigan , F. , & Salmon , K. ( 2004 ). The time to talk: The influence of the timing of adult–child talk on children's event memory . Child Development , 75 , 669 – 686 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McGuigan , F. , & Salmon , K. ( 2005 ). Pre-event discussion and memory for a novel event: How are children best prepared? Journal of Experimental Child Psychology , 91 , 342 – 366 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McGuigan , F. , & Salmon , K. ( 2006 ). The influence of talking on showing and telling: Adult–child discussion and children's verbal and nonverbal recall . Applied Cognitive Psychology , 20 , 365 – 381 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nelson , K. , & Fivush , R. ( 2004 ). The emergence of autobiographical memory: A social-cultural developmental theory . Psychological Review , 111 , 486 – 511 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Newcombe , R. , & Reese , E. (2004). Evaluations and orientations in mother–child reminiscing as a function of attachment security: A longitudinal investigation. International Journal of Behavioral Development , 28, 230–245.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ornstein , P. A. , & Haden , C. A. ( 2001 ). Memory development or the development of memory? Current Directions in Psychological Science , 10 , 202 – 205 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ornstein , P. A. , Haden , C. A. , Coffman , J. , Cissell , A. , & Greco , M. ( 2001, April ). Mother–child conversations about the present and the past: Linkages to children's recall . In D. DeMarie & P. A. Ornstein (Symposium Co-chairs) , Remembering over time: Longitudinal studies of children's memory . Paper presented at the meetings of the Society for Research in Child Development, Minneapolis, Minnesota .
   Google Scholar
• Ornstein , P. A. , Haden , C. A. , & Hedrick , A. M. ( 2004 ). Learning to remember: Social communicative exchanges and the development of children's memory skills . Developmental Review , 24 , 374 – 395 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Peterson , C. , Jesso , B. , & McCabe , A. ( 1999 ). Encouraging preschoolers' narratives: An intervention study . Journal of Child Language , 26 , 46 – 67 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Reese , E. , Haden , C. A. , & Fivush , R. ( 1993 ). Mother–child conversational interaction about the past: Relationships of style and memory over time . Cognitive Development , 8 , 403 – 430 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Reese , E. , & Newcombe , R. ( 2007 ). Training mothers in elaborative reminiscing enhances children's autobiographical memory and narrative . Child Development , 78 , 1153 – 1170 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tabachnick , B. G. , & Fidell , L. S. ( 2000 ). Using multivariate statistics ) , (4th ed. . New York : Allyn & Bacon .
   Google Scholar
• Tessler , M. , & Nelson , K. ( 1994 ). Making memories: The influence of joint encoding on later recall by young children . Consciousness and Cognition , 3 , 307 – 326 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Welch-Ross , M. K. ( 1997 ). Mother–child participation in conversation about the past: Relationships to preschoolers' theory of mind . Developmental Psychology , 33 , 618 – 629 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Williams , K. T. ( 1997 ). Expressive vocabulary test . Circle Pines , MN : American Guidance Service .
   Google Scholar