Hispanics’ Response to Ethnic Targeting Ads for Unhealthy Products: Examining the Roles of Endorser Identification and Endorser–Product Matchup

References

• Aaker, Jennifer L., Anne M. Brumbaugh, and Sonya A. Grier. 2000. “Nontarget Markets and Viewer Distinctiveness: The Impact of Target Marketing on Advertising Attitudes.” Journal of Consumer Psychology 9 (3): 127–40.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• AdAge 2019. “Hispanic Fact Pack 2019.” Accessed 17 April 2020. www.adage.com/datacenter.
   Google Scholar
• Alhabash, Saleem, Anna R. McAlister, Elizabeth Taylor Quilliam, Jef I. Richards, and Chen Lou. 2015. “Alcohol’s Getting a Bit More Social: When Alcohol Marketing Messages on Facebook Increase Young Adults’ Intentions to Imbibe.” Mass Communication and Society 18 (3): 350–375.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Alhabash, Saleem, Anna R. McAlister, Wonkyung Kim, Chen Lou, Carie Cunningham, Elizabeth Taylor Quilliam, and Jef I. Richards. 2016. “Saw It on Facebook, Drank It at the Bar! Effects of Exposure to Facebook Alcohol Ads on Alcohol-Related Behaviors.” Journal of Interactive Advertising 16 (1): 44–58.
   Google Scholar
• Alhabash, Saleem, Juan Mundel, and Syed Ali Hussain. 2017. “Social Media Advertising: Unraveling the Mystery Box.” In Digital Advertising: Theory and Research, 285–299. New York, NY: Taylor and Francis.
   Google Scholar
• Alhabash, Saleem, Juan Mundel, Tao Deng, Anna McAlister, Elizabeth Taylor Quilliam, Jef I. Richards, and Kristen Lynch. 2021. “Social Media Alcohol Advertising Among Underage Minors: Effects of Models’ Age.” International Journal of Advertising 40 (4): 552–581.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Alhabash, Saleem, Courtland VanDam, Pang-Ning Tan, Sandi W. Smith, Gregory Viken, Duygu Kanver, Liang Tian, and Luiz Figueira. 2018. “140 Characters of Intoxication: Exploring the Prevalence of Alcohol-Related Tweets and Predicting Their Virality.” Sage Open 8 (4): 21582440188.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Appiah, Osei. 2001. “Ethnic Identification on Adolescents’ Evaluations of Advertisements.” Journal of Advertising Research 41 (5): 7–22.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Appiah, Osei. 2003. “Americans Online: Differences in Surfing and Evaluating Race-Targeted Web Site: By Black and White Users.” Journal of Broadcasting & Electronic Media 47 (4): 537–55.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Aronow, Peter M., Jonathon Baron, and Lauren Pinson. 2019. “A Note on Dropping Experimental Subjects Who Fail a Manipulation Check.” Political Analysis 27 (4): 572–89.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bandura, Albert 1986. “The Explanatory and Predictive Scope of Self-Efficacy Theory.” Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology 4 (3): 359–73.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bandura, Albert. 2001. “Social Cognitive Theory: An Agentic Perspective.” Annual Review of Psychology 52 (1): 1–26.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Barbeau, Elizabeth M., Kathleen Y. Wolin, Elena N. Naumova, and Edith Balbach. 2005. “Tobacco Advertising in Communities: Associations With Race and Class.” Preventive Medicine 40 (1): 16–22.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bartikowski, Boris, Besma Taieb, and Jean-Louis Chandon. 2016. “Targeting without Alienating on the Internet: Ethnic Minority and Majority Consumers.” Journal of Business Research 69 (3): 1082–1089.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brumbaugh, Anne M. 2002. “Source and Nonsource Cues in Advertising and Their Effects on the Activation of Cultural and Subcultural Knowledge on the Route to Persuasion.” Journal of Consumer Research 29 (2): 258–269.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brumbaugh, Anne M. 2009. “Why Do I Identify with Thee? Let Me Count Three Ways: How Ad Context Influences Race‐Based Character Identification.” Psychology & Marketing 26 (11): 970–986.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chapple, Callum, and Fiona Cownie. 2017. “An Investigation into Viewers’ Trust in and Response towards Disclosed Paid-for-Endorsements by YouTube Lifestyle Vloggers.” Journal of Promotional Communications 5 (2): 110–136.
   Google Scholar
• Chattaraman, Veena, and Sharron J. Lennon. 2008. “Ethnic Identity, Consumption of Cultural Apparel, and Self‐Perceptions of Ethnic Consumers.” Journal of Fashion Marketing and Management: An International Journal 12 (4): 518–531.
   Google Scholar
• Choi, Hojoon, Jooyoung Kim, and Bong-chul Kim. 2018. “Consumer Response to Advertising Endorsers’ Sexual Information: Western Individualism vs. Eastern Confucian Conservatism.” Journal of Promotion Management 24 (4): 459–483.
   Google Scholar
• Cialdini, RobertB. 1993. The Psychology of Persuasion. New York: Academic Press.
   Google Scholar
• Daniel, Emory S. Jr., Elizabeth C. Crawford Jackson, and David K. Westerman. 2018. “The Influence of Social Media Influencers: Understanding Online Vaping Communities and Parasocial Interaction Through the Lens of Taylor’s Six-Segment Strategy Wheel.” Journal of Interactive Advertising 18 (2): 96–109.
   Google Scholar
• Deshpandé, Rohit, Wayne D. Hoyer, and Naveen Donthu. 1986. “The Intensity of Ethnic Affiliation: A Study in the Sociology of Hispanic Consumption.” Journal of Consumer Research 13 (2): 214–220.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Diamantopoulos, Adamantios, Marko Sarstedt, Christoph Fuchs, Petra Wilczynski, and Sebastian Kaiser. 2012. “Guidelines for Choosing Between Multi-Item and Single-Item Scales for Construct Measurement: A Predictive Validity Perspective.” Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science 40 (3): 434–449.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Djafarova, Elmira, and Chloe Rushworth. 2017. “Exploring the Credibility of Online Celebrities’ Instagram Profiles in Influencing the Purchase Decisions of Young Female Users.” Computers in Human Behavior 68: 1–7.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Donthu, Naveen, and Joseph Cherian. 1994. “Impact of Strength of Ethnic Identification on Hispanic Shopping Behavior.” Journal of Retailing 70 (4): 383–393.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dwivedi, Abhishek, and Lester W. Johnson. 2013. “Trust–Commitment as a Mediator of the Celebrity Endorser–Brand Equity Relationship in a Service Context.” Australasian Marketing Journal 21 (1): 36–42.
   Google Scholar
• El Hazzouri, Mohammed, Kelley J. Main, and Sergio W. Carvalho. 2017. “Ethnic Minority Consumers Reactions to Advertisements Featuring Members of Other Minority Groups.” International Journal of Research in Marketing 34 (3): 717–733.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• eMarketer 2018. US Hispanics and Digital Smartphones Power Activity; Digital Video, Social Media Capture Attention. https://www.emarketer.com/content/us-hispanics-and-digital
   Google Scholar
• Feng, Yang, Huan Chen, and Qian Kong. 2021. “An Expert with Whom I Can Identify: The Role of Narratives in Influencer Marketing.” International Journal of Advertising 40 (7): 972–922.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fleming-Milici, Frances, and Jennifer L. Harris. 2020. “Adolescents’ Engagement With Unhealthy Food and Beverage Brands on Social Media.” Appetite 146:104501.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Forehand, Mark R., and Rohit Deshpandé. 2001. “What We See Makes Us Who We Are: Priming Ethnic Self-Awareness and Advertising Response.” Journal of Marketing Research 38 (3): 336–348.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gamboa, Suzanne. 2021. “Latinos Account for Over Half of the Country’s Population Growth.” NBCNews, November 2. https://www.nbcnews.com/news/latino/latinos-account-half-countrys-population-growth-rcna1667
   Google Scholar
• George, Thomas R., Deborah L. Feltz, and Melissa A. Chase. 1992. “Effects of Model Similarity on Self-Efficacy and Muscular Endurance: A Second Look.” Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology 14 (3): 237–248.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gould, Daniel, Deborah Feltz, Thelma Horn, and Maureen Weiss. 1982. “Reasons for Attrition in Competitive Youth Swimming.” Journal of Sport Behavior 5:155–165.
   Google Scholar
• Grier, Sonya A., and Rohit Deshpandé. 2001. “Social Dimensions of Consumer Distinctiveness: The Influence of Social Status on Group Identity and Advertising Persuasion.” Journal of Marketing Research 38 (2): 216–224.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hauser, David J., Phoebe C. Ellsworth, and Richard Gonzalez. 2018. “Are Manipulation Checks Necessary?” Frontiers in Psychology 9: 998.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hayes, Andrew F. 2017. Introduction to Mediation, Moderation, and Conditional Process Analysis: A Regression-Based Approach. 2nd ed. New York: Guilford Publications.
   Google Scholar
• Herrera, Ana Laura, and Keryn E. Pasch. 2018. “Targeting Hispanic Adolescents with Outdoor Food & Beverage Advertising around Schools.” Ethnicity & Health 23 (6): 691–702.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Higgins, Sean F., Maurice D. Mulvenna, Raymond B. Bond, Aodheen McCartan, Stephen Gallagher, and Darren Quinn. 2018. “Multivariate Testing Confirms the Effect of Age-Gender Congruence on Click-Through Rates from Online Social Network Digital Advertisements.” Cyberpsychology, Behavior, and Social Networking 21 (10): 646–654.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hoffner, Cynthia, and Martha Buchanan. 2005. “Young Adults’ Wishful Identification with Television Characters: The Role of Perceived Similarity and Character Attributes.” Media Psychology 7 (4): 325–351.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hojjat, Ali, John Turner, Suleyman Cetintas, and Jian Yang. 2017. “A Unified Framework for the Scheduling of Guaranteed Targeted Display Advertising under Reach and Frequency Requirements.” Operations Research 65 (2): 289–313.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Holland, Jonna, and James W. Gentry. 1999. “Ethnic Consumer Reaction to Targeted Marketing: A Theory of Intercultural Accommodation.” Journal of Advertising 28 (1): 65–77.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Inglessis, MariaGracia, Holly McGavock, and Felipe Korzenny. 2007. “Advertising to Hispanics: What the Ads Say.” Center for Hispanic Marketing Communication. https://its.fsu.edu/sites/g/files/imported/storage/original/application/12d5a65c8116db00f3b6cdf9e3e89c8a.pdf
   Google Scholar
• Kahle, Lynn R., and Pamela M. Homer. 1985. “Physical Attractiveness of the Celebrity Endorser: A Social Adaptation Perspective.” Journal of Consumer Research 11 (4): 954–961.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kamins, Michael A. 1990. “An Investigation into the “Match-up” Hypothesis in Celebrity Advertising: When Beauty May Be Only Skin Deep.” Journal of Advertising 19 (1): 4–13.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kamins, Michael A., and Kamal Gupta. 1994. “Congruence Between Spokesperson and Product Type: A Matchup Hypothesis Perspective.” Psychology and Marketing 11 (6): 569–586.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kanungo, Rabindra N., and Sam Pang. 1973. “Effects of Human Models on Perceived Product Quality.” Journal of Applied Psychology 57 (2): 172–178.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kapitan, Sommer, and David H. Silvera. 2016. “From Digital Media Influencers to Celebrity Endorsers: Attributions Drive Endorser Effectiveness.” Marketing Letters 27 (3): 553–567.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Karson, Eric J., and Robert J. Fisher. 2005. “Reexamining and Extending the Dual Mediation Hypothesis in an on‐Line Advertising Context.” Psychology and Marketing 22 (4): 333–351.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kelman, Herbert C. 2006. “Interests, Relationships, Identities: Three Central Issues for Individuals and Groups in Negotiating Their Social Environment.” Annual Review of Psychology 57:1–26.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kim, Kihan, and Yunjae Cheong. 2011. “The Effects of Athlete-Endorsed Advertising: The Moderating Role of the Athlete-Audience Ethnicity Match.” Journal of Sport Management 25 (2): 143–155.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Knobloch-Westerwick, Silvia, and Brendon Coates. 2006. “Minority Models in Advertisements in Magazines Popular with Minorities.” Journalism & Mass Communication Quarterly 83 (3): 596–614.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Korzenny, Felipe, Sindy Chapa, and BettyAnn Korzenny. 2017. Hispanic Marketing: The Power of the New Latino Consumer. 3rd ed. London: Routledge.
   Google Scholar
• Korzenny, Felipe, and BettyA. Korzenny. 2012. Hispanic Marketing: A Cultural Perspective. London: Routledge.
   Google Scholar
• Lee, Younghan, and Jakeun Koo. 2015. “Athlete Endorsement, Attitudes, and Purchase Intention: The Interaction Effect Between Athlete Endorser-Product Congruence and Endorser Credibility.” Journal of Sport Management 29 (5): 523–538.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Licsandru, Tana Cristina, and Charles Chi Cui. 2019. “Ethnic Marketing to the Global Millennial Consumers: Challenges and Opportunities.” Journal of Business Research 103:261–74.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lucan, Sean C., Andrew R. Maroko, Omar C. Sanon, and Clyde B. Schechter. 2017. “Unhealthful Food-and-Beverage Advertising in Subway Stations: Targeted Marketing, Vulnerable Groups, Dietary Intake, and Poor Health.” Journal of Urban Health: bulletin of the New York Academy of Medicine 94 (2): 220–232.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lynch, James, and Drue Schuler. 1994. “The Matchup Effect of Spokesperson and Product Congruency: A Schema Theory Interpretation.” Psychology and Marketing 11 (5): 417–445.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• MacKenzie, Scott B., and Richard J. Lutz. 1989. “An Empirical Examination of the Structural Antecedents of Attitude Toward the Ad in an Advertising Pretesting Context.” Journal of Marketing 53 (2): 48–65.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Massey, Zachary B., Laurel O. Brockenberry, and Paul T. Harrell. 2021. “Vaping, Smartphones, and Social Media Use among Young Adults: Snapchat is the Platform of Choice for Young Adult Vapers.” Addictive Behaviors 112: 106576.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McCormick, Karla. 2016. “Celebrity Endorsements: Influence of a Product-Endorser Match on Millennials Attitudes and Purchase Intentions.” Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services 32: 39–45.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McCroskey, James C. 1966. “Scales for the Measurement of Ethos.” Speech Monographs 33 (1): 65–72.
   Google Scholar
• McCroskey, James C., Virginia P. Richmond, and John A. Daly. 1975. “The Development of a Measure of Perceived Homophily in Interpersonal Communication.” Human Communication Research 1 (4): 323–332.
   Google Scholar
• Morse, Parker. 2018. “Six Facts about the Hispanic Market That Might Surprise You.” Forbes, April 9.
   Google Scholar
• Murphy, Gráinne, Ciara Corcoran, Mimi Tatlow-Golden, Emma Boyland, and Brendan Rooney. 2020. “See, Like, Share, Remember: Adolescents’ Responses to Unhealthy-, Healthy-and Non-Food Advertising in Social Media.” International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17 (7): 2181.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nielsen 2018. Descubrimiento Digital: The Online Lives of Latinx Consumers. https://www.nielsen.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/3/2019/04/the-online-lives-latinx-consumers.pdf
   Google Scholar
• O’Malley, Gavin. 2019. Marketers Can Reach Hispanic Community Best Via Social Media. MediaPost. https://www.mediapost.com/publications/article/339221/marketers-can-reach-hispanic-community-best-via-so.html
   Google Scholar
• Palan, Stefan, and Christian Schitter. 2018. “Prolific. ac—a Subject Pool for Online Experiments.” Journal of Behavioral and Experimental Finance 17: 22–27.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Peer, Eyal, Laura Brandimarte, Sonam Samat, and Alessandro Acquisti. 2017. “Beyond the Turk: Alternative Platforms for Crowdsourcing Behavioral Research.” Journal of Experimental Social Psychology 70: 153–163.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Phinney, Jean S. 1992. “The Multigroup Ethnic Identity Measure: A New Scale for Use with Diverse Groups.” Journal of Adolescent Research 7 (2): 156–176.
   Google Scholar
• Pickett, Andrew C., and Natasha T. Brison. 2019. “Lose like a Man: Body Image and Celebrity Endorsement Effects of Weight Loss Product Purchase Intentions.” International Journal of Advertising 38 (8): 1098–1015.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ryu, Gangseog, Jongchul Park, and Lawrence Feick. 2006. “The Role of Product Type and Country‐of‐Origin in Decisions About Choice of Endorser Ethnicity in Advertising.” Psychology and Marketing 23 (6): 487–513.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schouten, Alexander P., Loes Janssen, and Maegan Verspaget. 2020. “Celebrity vs. Influencer Endorsements in Advertising: The Role of Identification, Credibility, and Product-Endorser Fit.” International Journal of Advertising 39 (2): 258–281.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sheehan, Kim Bartel. 2013. Controversies in Contemporary Advertising. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications.
   Google Scholar
• Shortt, Niamh K., Catherine Tisch, Jamie Pearce, Richard Mitchell, Elizabeth A. Richardson, Sarah Hill, and Jeff Collin. 2015. “A Cross-Sectional Analysis of the Relationship Between Tobacco and Alcohol Outlet Density and Neighbourhood Deprivation.” BMC Public Health 15 (1): 1–9.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sobh, Rana, and Khaled Soltan. 2018. “Endorser Ethnicity Impact on Advertising Effectiveness: Effects of the Majority vs. Minority Status of the Target Audience.” Journal of Marketing Communications 24 (6): 634–647.
   Google Scholar
• Terlutter, Ralf, Sandra Diehl, and Barbara Mueller. 2006. “The GLOBE Study—Applicability of a New Typology of Cultural Dimensions for Cross-Cultural Marketing and Advertising Research.” In International Advertising and Communication: Current Insights and Empirical Findings, edited by Sandra Diehl and Ralf Terlutter, 419–438. Wiesbaden, Germany: Galber Edition.
   Google Scholar
• Thorson, Esther, Rob Wicks, and Glenn Leshner. 2012. “Experimental Methodology in Journalism and Mass Communication Research.” Journalism & Mass Communication Quarterly 89 (1): 112–124.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Till, Brian D., and Michael Busler. 1998. “Matching Products with Endorsers: Attractiveness Versus Expertise.” Journal of Consumer Marketing 15 (6): 576–586.
   Google Scholar
• Till, Brian D., and Michael Busler. 2000. “The Match-Up Hypothesis: Physical Attractiveness, Expertise, and the Role of Fit on Brand Attitude, Purchase Intent and Brand Beliefs.” Journal of Advertising 29 (3): 1–13.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Törn, Fredrik. 2012. “Revisiting the Match-Up Hypothesis: Effects of Brand-Incongruent Celebrity Endorsements.” Journal of Current Issues & Research in Advertising 33 (1): 20–36.
   Google Scholar
• Torres, LuisE, and Phillip Hartley. 2016. “The Role of Consumer Acculturation in the Hispanic/Latino Panethnicity.” In Celebrating America’s Pastimes: Baseball, Hot Dogs, Apple Pie and Marketing? edited by Kacy K. Kim, 105–109. Cham, Switzerland: Springer.
   Google Scholar
• Tripp, Carolyn, Thomas D. Jensen, and Les Carlson. 1994. “The Effects of Multiple Product Endorsements by Celebrities on Consumers’ Attitudes and Intentions.” Journal of Consumer Research 20 (4): 535–547.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wright, Scott A. 2016. “Reinvestigating the Endorser by Product Matchup Hypothesis in Advertising.” Journal of Advertising 45 (1): 26–32.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Xiao, Min, Rang Wang, and Sylvia Chan-Olmsted. 2018. “Factors Affecting YouTube Influencer Marketing Credibility: A Heuristic-Systematic Model.” Journal of Media Business Studies 15 (3): 188–213.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yerger, Valerie B., Jennifer Przewoznik, and Ruth E. Malone. 2007. “Racialized Geography, Corporate Activity, and Health Disparities: Tobacco Industry Targeting of Inner Cities.” Journal of Health Care for the Poor and Underserved 18 (4 Suppl): 10–38.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar