References
- Amazeen, M. A. 2021. “Native Advertising in a Mobile Era: Effects of Ability and Motivation on Recognition in Digital News Contexts.” Digital Journalism 9 (1): 1–24. doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/21670811.2020.1860783.
- Bae, S. D., and D. H. Park. 2018. “The Effect of Mobile Advertising Platform through Big Data Analytics: Focusing on Advertising and Media Characteristics.” Journal of Intelligence and Information Systems 24 (2): 37–57. doi:https://doi.org/10.13088/JIIS.2018.24.2.037.
- Barry, T. E., and D. J. Howard. 1990. “A Review and Critique of the Hierarchy of Effects in Advertising.” International Journal of Advertising 9 (2): 121–135. doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/02650487.1990.11107138.
- Bettman, J. R., and C. W. Park. 1980. “Effects of Prior Knowledge and Experience and Phase of the Choice Process on Consumer Decision Processes: A Protocol Analysis.” Journal of Consumer Research 7 (3): 234. doi:https://doi.org/10.1086/208812.
- Bizwire. 2016. Internet Ads With Sexual Imagery at a Critical Level: Survey. http://koreabizwire.com/internet-ads-with-sexual-imagery-at-a-critical-levelsurvey/65968?platform=hootsuite.
- Brehm, J. W. 1966. A Theory of Psychological Reactance. New York: Academic Press.
- Brinson, N. H., M. S. Eastin, and V. J. Cicchirillo. 2018. “Reactance to Personalization: Understanding the Drivers behind the Growth of Ad Blocking.” Journal of Interactive Advertising 18 (2): 136–147. doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/15252019.2018.1491350.
- Brotto, L. A., M. A. Yule, and B. B. Gorzalka. 2015. “Asexuality: An Extreme Variant of Sexual Desire Disorder?” The Journal of Sexual Medicine 12 (3): 646–660. doi:https://doi.org/10.1111/jsm.12806.
- Bushman, B. J. 2005. “Violence and Sex in Television Programs Do Not Sell Products in Advertisements.” Psychological Science 16 (9): 702–708. doi:https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9280.2005.01599.x.
- Cho, Chang, and Hoan Cheon. 2004. “Why Do People Avoid Advertisements on the Internet.” Journal of Advertising 33 (4): 89–97. doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/00913367.2004.10639175.
- Clee, M. A., and R. A. Wicklund. 1980. “Consumer Behavior and Psychological Reactance.” Journal of Consumer Research 6 (4): 389. doi:https://doi.org/10.1086/208782.
- Cohen, J. 1988. Statistical Power Analysis for the Behavioral Sciences. Hillsdale: L. Erlbaum Associates.
- Coursey, D. 2001. “Commentary: Pop-Up Ads are Driving Me Nuts! How About You?” ZDNet. https://www.zdnet.com/article/commentary-pop-up-ads-are-driving-me-nuts-how-about-you/.
- Danaher, P. J., and G. W. Mullarkey. 2003. “Factors Affecting Online Advertising Recall: A Study of Students.” Journal of Advertising Research 43 (3): 252–267. doi:https://doi.org/10.2501/JAR-43-3-252-267.
- Diao, F., and S. S. Sundar. 2004. “Orienting Response and Memory for Web Advertisements.” Communication Research 31 (5): 537–567. doi:https://doi.org/10.1177/0093650204267932.
- Donner, J., and M. Walton. 2013. “Your Phone Has Internet—Why Are You at a Library PC? Re-Imagining Public Access in the Mobile Internet Era.” Human-Computer Interaction – INTERACT 2013:347–364. doi:https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-40483-2_25.
- Dunaway, J., and S. Soroka. 2021. “Smartphone-Size Screens Constrain Cognitive Access to Video News Stories.” Information, Communication & Society 24 (1): 69–84. doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/1369118X.2019.1631367.
- Edwards, S. M., H. Li, and J.-H. Lee. 2002. “Forced Exposure and Psychological Reactance: Antecedents and Consequences of the Perceived Intrusiveness of Pop-up Ads.” Journal of Advertising 31 (3): 83–95. doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/00913367.2002.10673678.
- Estrada-Jiménez, J.,. J. Parra-Arnau, A. Rodríguez-Hoyos, and J. Forné. 2017. “Online Advertising: Analysis of Privacy Threats and Protection Approaches.” Computer Communications 100:32–51. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.comcom.2016.12.016.
- Gardner, L., and G. Leshner. 2016. “The Role of Narrative and Other-Referencing in Attenuating Psychological Reactance to Diabetes Self-Care Messages.” Health Communication 31 (6): 738–751. doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/10410236.2014.993498.
- Goldfarb, A., and C. Tucker. 2011. “Online Display Advertising: Targeting and Obtrusiveness.” Marketing Science 30 (3): 389–404. doi:https://doi.org/10.1287/mksc.1100.0583.
- Hannah, T. E., E. R. Hannah, and B. Wattie. 1975. “Arousal of Psychological Reactance as a Consequence of Predicting an Individual’s Behaviour.” Psychological Reports 37 (2): 411–420. doi:https://doi.org/10.2466/pr0.1975.37.2.411.
- Interworks. 2019. Interworks Media introduction. https://cdn.interworksmedia.co.kr/interview/interworksMedia.pdf.
- Jung, Y. 2011. “Understanding the Role of Sense of Presence and Perceived Autonomy in Users’ Continued Use of Social Virtual Worlds.” Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication 16 (4): 492–510. doi:https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1083-6101.2011.01540.x.
- Kim, S., T. R. Levine, and M. Allen. 2017. “The Intertwined Model of Reactance for Resistance and Persuasive Boomerang.” Communication Research 44 (7): 931–951. doi:https://doi.org/10.1177/0093650214548575.
- Lang, A. 2000. “The Limited Capacity Model of Mediated Message Processing.” Journal of Communication 50 (1): 46–70. doi:https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2466.2000.tb02833.x.
- Lang, P., M. Greenwald, M. Bradley, and A. Hamm. 1993. “Looking at Pictures: Affective, Facial, Visceral, and Behavioral Reactions.” Psychophysiology 30 (3): 261–273. doi:https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-8986.1993.tb03352.x.
- LaTour, M. S., and T. L. Henthorne. 1994. “Female Nudity in Advertisements, Arousal and Response: A Parsimonious Extension.” Psychological Reports 75 (3 Pt 2): 1683–1690. doi:https://doi.org/10.2466/pr0.1994.75.3f.1683.
- Lavidge, R. J., and G. A. Steiner. 2000. “A Model for Predictive Measurements of Advertising Effectiveness.” Advertising & Society Review 1 (1): 8. doi:https://doi.org/10.1353/asr.2000.0008.
- Lee, J. P., and J. Lyu. 2005. “A Study of Advertising Avoidance in Internet: Level of Advertising Avoidance and Predictors of Advertising Avoidance.” The Korean Journal of Advertising 16 (1): 203–223.
- Li, H., S. M. Edwards, and J. Lee. 2002. “Measuring the Intrusiveness of Advertisements: Scale Development and Validation.” Journal of Advertising 31 (2): 37–47. doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/00913367.2002.10673665.
- Lim, J. 2011. “First-Level and Second-Level Intermedia Agenda-Setting among Major News Websites.” Asian Journal of Communication 21 (2): 167–185. doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/01292986.2010.539300.
- Liu, F., H. Cheng, and J. Li. 2009. “Consumer Responses to Sex Appeal Advertising: A Cross‐Cultural Study.” International Marketing Review 26 (4/5): 501–520. doi:https://doi.org/10.1108/02651330910972002.
- Lombardot, É. 2007. “Nudity in Advertising: What Influence on Attention-Getting and Brand Recall?” Recherche et Applications en Marketing 22 (4): 23–41. doi:https://doi.org/10.1177/205157070702200401.
- McCoy, S., A. Everard, D. F. Galletta, and G. D. Moody. 2017. “Here we Go Again! the Impact of Website Ad Repetition on Recall, Intrusiveness, Attitudes, and Site Revisit Intentions.” Information & Management 54 (1): 14–24. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.im.2016.03.005.
- Metzger, M. J., A. J. Flanagin, and R. B. Medders. 2010. “Social and Heuristic Approaches to Credibility Evaluation Online.” Journal of Communication 60 (3): 413–439. doi:https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2466.2010.01488.x.
- Morimoto, M., and S. Chang. 2006. “Consumers’ Attitudes toward Unsolicited Commercial e-Mail and Postal Direct Mail Marketing Methods.” Journal of Interactive Advertising 7 (1): 1–11. doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/15252019.2006.10722121.
- Newman, N.,. R. Fletcher, A. Kalogeropoulos, D. Levy, and R. Nielsen. 2018. Reuters Institute Digital News Report 2018. http://media.digitalnewsreport.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/06/digital-news-report-2018.pdf.
- Parker, E., and A. Furnham. 2007. “Does Sex Sell? The Effect of Sexual Programme Content on the Recall of Sexual and Non-Sexual Advertisements.” Applied Cognitive Psychology 21 (9): 1217–1228. doi:https://doi.org/10.1002/acp.1325.
- Reichert, T. 2002. “Sex in Advertising Research: A Review of Content, Effects, and Functions of Sexual Information in Consumer Advertising.” Annual Review of Sex Research 13:241–273. https://doi.org/10.1080/10532528.2002.10559806.
- Reichert, T. 2003. “The Prevalence of Sexual Imagery in Ads Targeted to Young Adults.” Journal of Consumer Affairs 37 (2): 403–412. doi:https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6606.2003.tb00460.x.
- Reichert, T., and E. Alvaro. 2001. “The Effects of Sexual Information on Ad and Brand Processing and Recall.” Southwestern Mass Communication Journal 17:9–17.
- Reichert, T., S. E. Heckler, and S. Jackson. 2001. “The Effects of Sexual Social Marketing Appeals on Cognitive Processing and Persuasion.” Journal of Advertising 30 (1): 13–27. doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/00913367.2001.10673628.
- Reid, L. N., and L. C. Soley. 1983. “Decorative Models and the Readership of Magazine Ads.” Journal of Advertising Research 23 (2): 27–32.
- Richmond, D., and T. P. Hartman. 1982. “Sex Appeal in Advertising.” Journal of Advertising Research 22 (5): 53–60.
- Riedel, A. S., C. S. Weeks, and A. T. Beatson. 2018. “Am I Intruding? Developing a Conceptualisation of Advertising Intrusiveness.” Journal of Marketing Management 34 (9–10): 750–774. doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/0267257X.2018.1496130.
- Samson, L. 2018. “The Effectiveness of Using Sexual Appeals in Advertising.” Journal of Media Psychology 30 (4): 184–195. doi:https://doi.org/10.1027/1864-1105/a000194.
- Shimp, T. 2007. Advertising, Promotion, and Supplemented Aspects of Integrated Marketing Communications (7th ed.). Ohio: Thomson South-Western.
- Speck, P. S., and M. T. Elliott. 1997. “Predictors of Advertising Avoidance in Print and Broadcast Media.” Journal of Advertising 26 (3): 61–76. doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/00913367.1997.10673529.
- Steadman, M. 1969. “How Sexy Illustrations Affect Brand Recall.” Journal of Advertising Research 9 (1): 15–19.
- Tai, H. S. 1999. “Advertisement Ethics: The Use of Sexual Appeal in Chinese Advertisement.” Teaching Business Ethics 3 (1): 87–100. doi:https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1009840623567.
- Tourangeau, R., and K. A. Rasinski. 1988. “Cognitive Processes Underlying Context Effects in Attitude Measurement.” Psychological Bulletin 103 (3): 299–314. doi:https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.103.3.299.
- Tulving, E. 1979. “Relations between Encoding Specificity and Levels of Processing.” In Levels of Processing in Human Memory (1st ed.), edited by L. S. Cermark & F. I. Craik, 405–428. Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.
- van Doorn, J., and J. C. Hoekstra. 2013. “Customization of Online Advertising: The Role of Intrusiveness.” Marketing Letters 24 (4): 339–351. doi:https://doi.org/10.1007/s11002-012-9222-1.
- Wirtz, J. G., J. V. Sparks, and T. M. Zimbres. 2018. “The Effect of Exposure to Sexual Appeals in Advertisements on Memory, Attitude, and Purchase Intention: A Meta-Analytic Review.” International Journal of Advertising 37 (2): 168–198. doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/02650487.2017.1334996.
- You, K. H., S. A. Lee, J. K. Lee, and H. Kang. 2013. “Why Read Online News? The Structural Relationships among Motivations, Behaviors, and Consumption in South Korea.” Information, Communication & Society 16 (10): 1574–1595. doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/1369118X.2012.724435.
- Youn, S., and S. Kim. 2019. “Understanding Ad Avoidance on Facebook: Antecedents and Outcomes of Psychological Reactance.” Computers in Human Behavior 98:232–244. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2019.04.025.
- Zanna, M. P., J. M. Olson, and R. H. Fazio. 1981. “Self-Perception and Attitude-Behavior Consistency.” Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin 7 (2): 252–256. doi:https://doi.org/10.1177/014616728172011.