833
Views
37
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Target Article

Patient Willingness to Be Seen by Physician Assistants, Nurse Practitioners, and Residents in the Emergency Department: Does the Presumption of Assent Have an Empirical Basis?

&
Pages 1-10 | Published online: 05 Aug 2010

REFERENCES

  • American Hospital Association . 1992 . Patient's bill of rights , Chicago, IL : AHA .
  • American Medical Association . 2002 . U.S. physician characteristics and distribution in the U.S. 2002–2003 , Chicago, IL : AMA Press .
  • Asch , D. A. and Parker , R. M. 1988 . The Libby Zion case. One step forward or two steps backward? . New England Journal of Medicine , 318 ( 12 ) : 771 – 775 .
  • Bacon , R. F. 2002 . Practical considerations for conducting effective billing audits . Healthcare Financial Management , 56 ( 4 ) : 36 – 39 .
  • Ball , S. T. E. , Walton , K. and Hawes , S. 2007 . Do emergency department physiotherapy practitioners, emergency nurse practitioners and doctors investigate, treat and refer patients with closed musculoskeletal injuries differently? . Emergency Medicine Journal , 24 ( 3 ) : 185 – 188 .
  • Banahan , B. F. Jr. , Anderson , R. L. , Banahan , B. F. 3rd and Crump , W. J. 1987 . Physicians’ evaluations of their moonlighting during residency training . Academic Medicine , 62 ( 4 ) : 351 – 353 .
  • Beauchamp , T. and Childress , J. 1994 . Principles of biomedical ethics , 4th ed , Oxford : Oxford University Press .
  • Bessman , A. N. 1974 . Comparison of medical care in nurse clinician and physician clinics in medical school affiliated hospitals . Journal of Chronic Diseases , 27 ( 3 ) : 115 – 125 .
  • Brown , S. A. and Grimes , D. E. 1995 . A meta-analysis of nurse practitioners and nurse midwives in primary care . Nursing Research , 44 ( 6 ) : 332 – 339 .
  • Burnip , R. , Erickson , R. , Barr , G. D. , Shinefield , H. and Schoen , E. J. 1976 . Well-child care by pediatric nurse practitioners in a large group practice: A controlled study in 1,152 preschool children . American Journal of Diseases of Children , 130 ( 1 ) : 51 – 55 .
  • Byrne , G. , Richardson , M. , Brunsdon , J. and Patel , A. 2000 . An evaluation of the care of patients with minor injuries in emergency settings . Accident and Emergency Nursing , 8 ( 2 ) : 101 – 109 .
  • Callahan , M. , Fein , O. and Battleman , D. 2002 . A practice-profiling system for residents . Academic Medicine , 77 ( 1 ) : 34 – 39 .
  • Carter , A. J. E. and Chochinov , A. H. 2007 . A systematic review of the impact of nurse practitioners on cost, quality of care, satisfaction and wait times in the emergency department . Journal of the Canadian Association of Emergency Physicians , 9 ( 4 ) : 286 – 295 .
  • Chambers , L. W. and West , A. E. 1978 . The St John's randomized trial of the family practice nurse: Health outcomes of patients . International Journal of Epidemiology , 7 ( 2 ) : 153 – 161 .
  • Chenoy , N. C. , Spitzer , W. O. and Anderson , G. D. 1973 . Nurse practitioners in primary care. II. Prior attitudes of a rural population . Canadian Medical Association Journal , 108 ( 8 ) : 998 – 1003 .
  • Cohen , S. N. and Leeds , M. P. 1989 . The moonlighting dilemma. Balancing education, service, and quality care while limiting risk exposure . Journal of the American Medical Association , 262 ( 4 ) : 529 – 531 .
  • Collen , M. F. , Garfield , S. R. , Richart , R. H. , Duncan , J. H. and Feldman , R. 1977 . Cost analyses of alternative health examination modes . Archives of Internal Medicine , 137 ( 1 ) : 73 – 79 .
  • Cooper , R. A. , Getzen , T. E. , McKee , H. J. and Laud , P. 2002 . Economic and demographic trends signal an impending physician shortage . Health Affairs , 21 ( 1 ) : 140 – 154 .
  • Counselman , F. L. , Graffeo , C. A. and Hill , J. T. Patient satisfaction with physician assistants (PAs) in an ED fast track . American Journal of Emergency Medicine , 18 ( 6 ) 661 – 665 .
  • Derksen , R. J. , Bakker , F. C. Es , L. K. 2007 . Specialized emergency nurses treating ankle and foot injuries: A randomized controlled trial . American Journal of Emergency Medicine , 25 : 144 – 151 .
  • Donabedian , A. 1980 . Explorations in quality assessment and monitoring, Volume I: The definition of quality and approaches to its assessment , Ann Arbor, MI : Health Administration Press .
  • Duff , S. 2002 . Too little too late or enough? With the Nurse Reinvestment Act signed, the industry questions how much funding the legislation will provide to ease nursing shortage . Modern Healthcare , 32 ( 31 ) 6, 7, 10, 11
  • Greco , R. S. , Donetz , A. P. , Brolin , R. E. , Trooskin , S. Z. and Mackenzie , J. W. 1987 . The influence of debt, moonlighting, practice, oversupply and gender on career development of residents in university and independent training programs . Surgery, Gynecology and Obstetrics , 165 ( 1 ) : 19 – 24 .
  • Greenfield , S. , Komaroff , A. L. and Anderson , H. 1976 . A headache protocol for nurses: effectiveness and efficiency . Archives of Internal Medicine , 136 ( 10 ) : 1111 – 1116 .
  • Gross , C. , Callahan , M. and Mele , J. 1998 . Will commercial managed care patients accept residents as their primary care providers? . Journal of General Internal Medicine , 13 ( 5 ) : 331 – 334 .
  • Hachmuth , F. A. and Hootman , J. M. 2001 . What impact on PA education? A snapshot of ambulatory care visits involving PAS.(physician assistant) . Journal of the American Academy of Physicians Assistants , 14 ( 12 ) 22(14)
  • Hemphill , R. , Santen , S. , Rountree , C. and Szmit , A. 1999 . Patients’ understanding of the roles of interns, residents, and attending physicians in the emergency department . Academic Emergency Medicine , 6 ( 4 ) : 339 – 344 .
  • Hooker , R. S. and Berlin , L. E. 2002 . Trends in the supply of physician assistants and nurse practitioners in the United States . Health Affairs (Millwood) , 21 ( 5 ) : 174 – 181 .
  • Hooker , R. S. , Cipher , D. J. , Cawley , J. F. , Herrmann , D. and Melson , J. 2008 . Emergency medicine services: Interprofessional care trends . Journal of Interprofessional Care , 22 ( 2 ) : 167 – 178 .
  • Hooker , R. S. and McCaig , L. F. 2001 . Use of physician assistants and nurse practitioners in primary care, 1995–1999 . Health Affairs (Millwood) , 20 ( 4 ) : 231 – 238 .
  • Hooker , R. , Potts , R. and Ray , W. 1997 . Patient satisfaction: Comparing physician assistants, nurse practitioners, and physicians . Permanente Journal , 1 ( 1 ) : 38 – 42 .
  • Horrocks , S. , Anderson , E. and Salisbury , C. 2002 . Systematic review of whether nurse practitioners working in primary care can provide equivalent care to doctors . British Medical Journal , 324 ( 7341 ) : 819 – 823 .
  • Jennings , N. , O’Reilly , G. , Lee , G. , Cameron , P. , Free , B. and Bailey , M. 2008 . Evaluating outcomes of the emergency nurse practitioner role in a major urban emergency department, Melbourne, Australia . Journal of Clinical Nursing , 17 ( 8 ) : 1044 – 1050 .
  • Kaplan , S. H. , Greenfield , S. , Gandek , B. , Rogers , W. H. and Ware , J. E. Jr . 1996 . Characteristics of physicians with participatory decision-making styles . Annals of Internal Medicine , 124 ( 5 ) : 497 – 504 .
  • Kinnersley , P. , Anderson , E. Parry , K. 2000 . Randomised controlled trial of nurse practitioner versus general practitioner care for patients requesting “same day” consultations in primary care . British Medical Journal , 320 ( 7241 ) : 1043 – 1048 .
  • Komaroff , A. L. , Black , W. L. , Flatley , M. , Knopp , R. H. , Reiffen , B. and Sherman , H. 1974 . Protocols for physician assistants. Management of diabetes and hypertension . New England Journal of Medicine , 290 ( 6 ) : 307 – 312 .
  • Krein , S. 1997 . The employment and use of nurse practitioners and physician assistants by rural hospitals . Journal of Rural Health , 13 ( 1 ) : 45 – 58 .
  • Levine , D. M. , Morlock , L. L. , Mushlin , A. I. , Shapiro , S. and Malitz , F. E. 1976 . The role of new health practitioners in a prepaid group practice: Provider differences in process and outcomes of medical care . Medical Care , 14 ( 4 ) : 326 – 347 .
  • Li , J. , Tabor , R. and Martinez , M. 2000 . Survey of moonlighting practices and work requirements of emergency medicine residents . American Journal of Emergency Medicine , 18 ( 2 ) : 147 – 151 .
  • Lin , S. X. , Hooker , R. S. , Lenz , E. R. and Hopkins , S. C. 2002 . Nurse practitioners and physician assistants in hospital outpatient departments, 1997–1999 . Nursing Economics , 20 ( 4 ) : 174 – 179 .
  • Martin , D. , Abelson , J. and Singer , P. 2002 . Participation in health care priority-setting through the eyes of the participants . Journal of Health Services Research & Policy , 7 ( 4 ) : 222 – 229 .
  • Meek , S. , Kendall , J. , Porter , J. and Freij , R. 1998 . Can accident and emergency nurse practitioners interpret radiographs? A multicentre study . Journal of Accident and Emergency Medicine , 15 ( 2 ) : 105 – 107 .
  • McCaig , L. F. and Burt , C. W. 2004 . National Hospital Ambulatory Medical Care Survey: 2002 Emergency department summary . Advances in Data , 340 : 1 – 34 .
  • McCue , J. D. , Janiszewski , M. and Stickley , W. T. 1990 . Residents’ views of the value of moonlighting . Archives of Internal Medicine , 150 ( 7 ) : 1511 – 1513 .
  • Mundinger , M. O. , Kane , R. L. Lenz , E. R. 2000 . Primary care outcomes in patients treated by nurse practitioners or physicians: A randomized trial . Journal of the American Medical Association , 283 ( 1 ) : 59 – 68 .
  • Oliver , D. R. , Conboy , J. E. , Donahue , W. J. , Daniels , M. A. and McKelvey , P. A. 1986 . Patients’ satisfaction with physician assistant services . Physician Assistant , 10 ( 7 ) : 51 – 54 . 57 – 60 .
  • Ong , M. , Coyle , D. , Lim , S. and Stiell , I. G. 2005 . Cost-effectiveness of hair apposition technique compared with standard suturing in scalp lacerations . Annals of Emergency Medicine , 46 ( 3 ) : 237 – 242 .
  • Sackett , D. L. , Spitzer , W. O. , Gent , M. and Roberts , R. S. 1974 . The Burlington randomized trial of the nurse practitioner: Health outcomes of patients . Annals of Internal Medicine , 80 ( 2 ) : 137 – 142 .
  • Sakr , M. , Angus , J. , Perrin , J. , Nixon , C. , Nichol , J. and Wardrope , J. 1999 . Care of minor injuries by emergency nurse practitioners or junior doctors: A randomised controlled trial . Lancet , 354 ( 9187 ) : 1321 – 1326 .
  • Sakr , M. , Kendall , R. Angus , J. 2003 . Emergency nurse practitioners: A three part study in clinical and cost effectiveness . Emergency Medicine Journal , 20 : 158 – 163 .
  • Shum , C. , Humphreys , A. , Wheeler , D. , Cochrane , M. A. , Skoda , S. and Clement , S. 2000 . Nurse management of patients with minor illnesses in general practice: Multicentre, randomised controlled trial . British Medical Journal , 320 ( 7241 ) : 1038 – 1043 .
  • Silliman , R. A. , Dittus , R. S. , Velez , R. , Wartman , S. A. , Young , M. J. and Fletcher , R. H. 1987 . Debt, moonlighting, and career decisions among internal medicine residents . Journal of Medical Education , 62 ( 6 ) : 463 – 469 .
  • Smith , C. W. Jr . 1981 . Patient attitudes toward physicians’ assistants . Journal of Family Practice , 13 ( 2 ) : 201 – 204 .
  • Sox , H. C. J. 1979 . Quality of Patient care by nurse practitioners and physician's assistants: A ten-year perspective . Annals of Internal Medicine , 91 ( 3 ) : 459 – 468 .
  • Spitzer , W. O. , Sackett , D. L. Sibley , J. C. 1974 . The Burlington randomized trial of the nurse practitioner . New England Journal of Medicine , 290 ( 5 ) : 251 – 256 .
  • Stange , K. C. and Sutherland , J. E. 1987 . Moonlighting policy and practice in family practice residencies . Journal of Family Practice , 24 ( 1 ) : 63 – 65 .
  • Storms , D. M. and Fox , J. G. 1979 . The public's view of physicians’ assistants and nurse practitioners: A survey of Baltimore urban residents . Medical Care , 17 ( 5 ) : 526 – 535 .
  • Strunk , H. K. 1973 . Patient attitudes toward physician's assistants . California Medicine , 118 ( 6 ) : 73 – 77 .
  • Sulmasy , D. P. and McIlvane , J. M. 2002 . Patients’ ratings of quality and satisfaction with care at the end of life . Archives of Internal Medicine , 162 ( 18 ) : 2098 – 2104 .
  • Tai , C. C. , Ramachandran , M. , McDermott , I. D. , Ridgeway , S. and Mirza , Z. 2005 . Management of suspected scaphoid fractures in accident and emergency departments—Time for new guidelines . Annals of the Royal College of Surgeons of England , 87 ( 5 ) : 353 – 357 .
  • Urbach , J. R. 1994 . Resident moonlighting: Toward an equitable balance . Southern Medical Journal , 87 ( 8 ) : 794
  • Venning , P. , Durie , A. , Roland , M. , Roberts , C. and Leese , B . 2000 . Randomised controlled trial comparing cost effectiveness of general practitioners and nurse practitioners in primary care . British Medical Journal , 320 ( 7241 ) : 1048 – 1053 .
  • Yancy , W. S. Jr. , Macpherson , D. S. Hanusa , B. H. 2001 . Patient satisfaction in resident and attending ambulatory care clinics . Journal of General Internal Medicine , 16 ( 11 ) : 755 – 762 .

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.