REFERENCES
- Ahmed, S., C. T. Nutt, N. D. Eneanya, P. P. Reese, K. Sivashanker, M. Morse, T. Sequist, and M. L. Mendu. 2020. Examining the potential impact of race multiplier utilization in estimated glomerular filtration rate calculation on African-American care outcomes. Journal of General Internal Medicine 1–8. doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11606-020-06280-5. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 33063202.
- Brownson, R. C., G. A. Colditz, and E. K. Proctor. 2017. Dissemination and implementation research in health: Translating science to practice. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
- ClinfoWiki, n.d. Common Data Element (CDE). https://clinfowiki.org/wiki/index.php/Common_Data_Element_(CDE).
- Farrell, C. 2020. Denouncing racial essentialism in medicine. American Medical Association Resident and Fellow Section. https://www.ama-assn.org/system/files/2020-10/nov2020-rfs-resolution-2.pdf.
- Fiscella, K., and M. R. Sanders. 2016. Racial and ethnic disparities in the quality of health care. Annual Review of Public Health 37:375–94. doi:https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-publhealth-032315-021439.
- Ford, C. L., and C. O. Airhihenbuwa. 2010. Critical race theory, race equity, and public health: Toward antiracism praxis. American Journal of Public Health 100(Suppl 1):S30–S5. doi:https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2009.171058.
- Hamilton, C. M., L. C. Strader, J. G. Pratt, D. Maiese, T. Hendershot, R. K. Kwok, J. A. Hammond, W. Huggins, D. Jackman, H. Pan, et al. 2011. The PhenX Toolkit: Get the most from your measures. American Journal of Epidemiology 174 (3):253–60. doi:https://doi.org/10.1093/aje/kwr193.
- Nayak, A., A. J. Hicks, and A. A. Morris. 2020. Understanding the complexity of heart failure risk and treatment in black patients. Circulation. Heart Failure 13 (8):e007264 doi:https://doi.org/10.1161/CIRCHEARTFAILURE.120.007264.
- Obermeyer, Z., B. Powers, C. Vogeli, and S. Mullainathan. 2019. Dissecting racial bias in an algorithm used to manage the health of populations. Science 366 (6464):447–53. doi:https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aax2342.
- Robeznieks, A. 2020. Why clinical algorithms fall short on race. Accessed November 27, 2020. https://www.ama-assn.org/delivering-care/health-equity/why-clinical-algorithms-fall-short-race.
- Taylor, J., C. Novoa, K. Hamm, and S. Phadke. 2019. Eliminating racial disparities in maternal and infant mortality. Washington, DC: Center for American Progress.
- Vyas, D. A., L. G. Eisenstein, and D. S. Jones. 2020. Hidden in plain sight – Reconsidering the use of race correction in clinical algorithms. New England Journal of Medicine 383 (9):874–82. doi:https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMms2004740.