Examining Korean American Parent-Child Relationships Through Bilingual Language Use

REFERENCES

• Ahn, A. J., Kim, B. S. K., & Park, Y. S. (2009). Asian cultural values gap, cognitive flexibility, coping strategies, and parent-child conflicts among Korean Americans. Asian American Journal of Psychology, S, 29–44. doi:10.1037/1948-1985.S.1.29
   Google Scholar
• American Council on the Teaching of Foreign Languages (ACTFL). (2012). ACTFL Proficiency Guidelines. Alexandria, VA: Author.
   Google Scholar
• Brown, P., & Levinson, S. (1987). Politeness: Some Universals in Language Usage. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University.
   Google Scholar
• Byon, A. (2006). The role of linguistic indirectness and honorifics in achieving linguistic politeness in Korean request. Journal of Politeness Research, 2, 247–276.
   Google Scholar
• Chao, R., & Tseng, V. (2002). Parenting of Asians. In M. H. Bernstein (Ed.) Handbook of parenting, Vol. 4 Social Conditions and Applied Parenting (pp. 59–94, 2nd ed.). Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum.
   Google Scholar
• Choi, H., & Dancy, B. L. (2009). Korean American adolescents’ and their parents’ perceptions of acculturative stress. Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Nursing, 22, 203–210. doi:10.1111/j.1744-6171.2009.00200.x
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Choo, M. (2006). The structure and use of Korean honorifics. In H.-M. Sohn (Ed.), Korean language in culture and society ( pp. 132–145). Honolulu, HI: University of Hawai’i.
   Google Scholar
• Clark, J. L. (1981, April). Language testing and assessment. Paper presented at a meeting of the National Council of Education Research, Washington, DC.
   Google Scholar
• Collins, W. A., Madsen, S. D., & Susman-Stillman, A. (2002). Parenting during middle childhood. In W. A. Collings, S. D. Madsen, & A. Susman-Stillman (Eds.), Handbook of parenting Vol. 1. Children and parenting (2nd ed.). Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum.
   Google Scholar
• Creswell, J. W. (2012). Qualitative inquiry and research design: Choosing among five approaches. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
   Google Scholar
• Curdt-Christiansen, X. L. (2009). Invisible and visible language planning: Ideological factors in the family language policy of Chinese immigrant families in Quebec. Language Policy, 8, 351–375. doi:10.1007/s10993-009-9146-7
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Davies, B., & Harré, R. (1990). Positioning: The discursive production of selves. Journal for the Theory of Social Behavior, 20, 43–63.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fishman, J. (1991). Reversing language shift: Theoretical and empirical foundations of assistance to threatened languages. Clevedon, PA: Multilingual Matters.
   Google Scholar
• Harré, R., Moghaddam, F. M., Cairnie, T. P., Rothbart, D., & Sabat, S. R. (2009). Recent advances in positioning theory. Theory & Psychology, 19, 5–31. doi:10.1177/0959354308101417
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kam, J. A., & Lazarevic, V. (2014). Communicating for one’s family: An interdisciplinary review of language and cultural brokering in immigrant families. In E. L. Cohen (Ed.), Communication Yearbook (pp. 3–38). New York, NY: Routledge.
   Google Scholar
• Kang, H., Okazaki, S., Abelmann, N., Kim-Prieto, C., & Lan, S. (2010). Redeeming immigrant parents: How Korean American emerging adults reinterpret their childhood. Journal of Adolescent Research, 25, 441–464. doi:10.1177/0743558410361371
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kendall, S. (2008). The balancing act: Framing gendered parental identities at dinnertime. Language in Society, 37, 539–568. doi:10.1017/S0047404508080767
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• King, K. A., Fogle, L., & Logan‐Terry, A. (2008). Family language policy. Language and Linguistics Compass, 2, 907–922. doi:10.1111/j.1749-818X.2008.00076.x
   Google Scholar
• Li, W. (1994). Three generations, two languages, one family: Language choice and language shift in a Chinese community in Britain. Clevedon, UK: Multilingual Matters.
   Google Scholar
• Li, W., & Milroy, L. (1995). Conversational code-switching in a Chinese community in Britain: A sequential analysis. Journal of Pragmatics, 23, 281–299.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Martin, S. E. (1992). Yale Romanization. In S. E. Martin (Ed.), A reference grammar of Korean (1st ed., p. 61). Rutland, VT: Charles E. Tuttle.
   Google Scholar
• Ng, S. H. (2007). From language acculturation to communication acculturation: Addressee orientations and communication brokering in conversations. Journal of Language and Social Psychology, 26, 75–90. doi:10.1177/0261927X06296471
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ng, S. H., He, A., & Loong, C. (2004). Tri-generational family conversations: Communication accommodation and brokering. The British Journal of Social Psychology, 43, 449–464. doi:10.1348/0144666042037953
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Oh, J. S., & Fuligni, A. J. (2010). The role of heritage language development in the ethnic identity and family relationships of adolescents from immigrant backgrounds. Social Development, 19, 202–220. doi:10.1111/j.1467-9507.2008.00530.x
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Orellana, M. F. (2009). Translating childhoods: Immigrant youth, language, and culture. Rutgers, NJ: Rutgers University.
   Google Scholar
• Park, I. H., & Cho, L.-J. (1995). Confucianism and the Korean family. Journal of Comparative Family Studies, 26, 117–134.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Park, J. S. Y. (2009). The local construction of a global language: Ideologies of English in South Korea. Berlin, Germany: De Gruyter Mouton.
   Google Scholar
• Park, S. M., & Sarkar, M. (2007). Parents’ attitudes toward heritage language maintenance for their children and their efforts to help their children maintain the heritage language: A case study of Korean-Canadian immigrants. Language, Culture and Curriculum, 20, 223–235.
   Google Scholar
• Rosenthal, D. A., & Feldman, A. A. (1990). The acculturation of Chinese immigrants: Perceived effects on family functioning of length of residence in two cultural contexts. The Journal of Genetic Psychology, 151, 495–514. doi:10.1080/00221325.1990.9914635
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rumbaut, R. G., & Portes, A. (Eds.). (2001). Ethnicities: Children of immigrants in America. Berkeley, CA: University of California.
   Google Scholar
• Thomas, G. (2011) How to do your case study: A guide for students and researchers. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
   Google Scholar
• Transana 2.30 [Computer software]. (2012). Madison, WI: The Board of Regents of the University of Wisconsin System. Retrieved from: http://www.transana.org
   Google Scholar
• U.S. Census (2011). 2009–2011 American community survey 3-year estimates. Retrieved from http://factfinder2.census.gov/
   Google Scholar
• Veltman, C. J. (1981). Anglicization in the United States: The importance of parental nativity and language practice. International Journal of the Sociology of Language, 32, 65–84. doi:10.1515/ijsl.1981.32.65
   Google Scholar
• Wong Filmore, L. (1991). When learning a second language means losing the first. Early Childhood Research Quarterly, 6, 323–347.
   Google Scholar
• Wong Fillmore, L. (2000). Loss of family languages: Should educators be concerned? Theory into Practice, 38, 203–210.
   Google Scholar
• Yang, S., & Rettig, K. D. (2003). The value tensions in Korean-American mother-child relationships while facilitating academic success. Personal Relationships, 10, 349–369. doi:10.1111/1475-6811.00054
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar