Enhancement of Toxaphene Solubility by Ternary Mixtures

References

• Augustijn , D. C. M. 1993 . Chemodynamics of complex waste mixtures: Applications to contamination and remediation of soils and aquifer media , Doctoral dissertation Gainesville, Florida , , USA : University of Florida .
   Google Scholar
• Bouchard , D. C. 1998 . Sorption kinetics of PAHs in methanol-water system . Journal of Contaminant Hydrology , 34 : 107 – 120 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bouchard , D. C. 2002 . Cosolvent effects on sorption isotherm linearity . Journal of Contaminant Hydrology , 56 : 159 – 174 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brusseau , M. L. , Wood , A. L. and Rao , P. S. C. 1990 . Sorption kinetics of organic chemicals: evaluation of gas-purge and miscible-displacement techniques . Environmental Science and Technology , 24 : 727 – 735 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brusseau , M. L. , Jessup , R. E. and Rao , P. S. C. 1991 . Influence of organic cosolvents on the sorption kinetics of hydrophobic organic chemicals . Environmental Science and Technology , 25 : 903 – 910 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chen , X. and Clark , C. J. II . 2006 . “ Effects of methanol on remediation of soil contaminated with toxaphene ” . In Innovative approaches to the remediation of subsurface contaminated hazardous waste sites: Bridging flask and field scales , American Chemical Society Symposium Series Edited by: Clark , C. J. II and Lindner , A. 25 – 42 . Washington , DC : American Chemical Society .
   Google Scholar
• Clark , C. J. II , Chen , X. and Babu , S. 2005 . Degradation of toxaphene by zero-valent iron and bimetallic substrates . Journal of Environmental Engineering , 131 : 1733 – 1739 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dai , D. 1997 . Solubility and partitioning behavior of organic compounds in complex NAPL mixtures , Gainesville , FL : University of Florida .
   Google Scholar
• Imhoff , P. T. , Gleyzer , S. N. , McBride , J. F. , Vancho , L. A. , Okuda , I. and Miller , C. T. 1999 . Cosolvent-enhanced remediation of residual non-aqueous phase liquids: Experimental investigation . Environmental Science and Technology , 29 : 1966 – 1975 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jansson , B. and Wideqvist , U. 1983 . Analysis of toxaphene (PCC) and chlordane in biological samples by NCI mass spectrometry . International Journal of Environmental Analysis Chemistry , 13 : 309 – 322 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jawitz , J. W. , Sillan , R. K. , Annable , M. D. , Rao , P. S. C. and Warner , K. 2000 . In-situ alcohol flushing of a DNAPL source zone at a dry cleaner site . Environmental Science and Technology , 34 : 3722 – 3729 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Karapanagioti , H. K. , Gossard , C. M. , Strevett , K. A. , Kolar , R. L. and Sabatini , D. A. 2001 . Model coupling intraparticle diffusion/sorption, nonlinear sorption, and biodegradation processes . Journal of Contaminant Hydrology , 48 : 1 – 21 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Li , A. 2001 . Predicting cosolvency. 3. Evaluation of extended log linear model . Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Research , 40 : 5029 – 5035 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lide , D. R. , ed. 1995 . Handbook of chemistry and physics, , 76th ed. , New York : CRC Press .
   Google Scholar
• Mackay , D. M. and Cherry , J. A. 1989 . Groundwater contamination: Pump-and-treat remediation . Environmental Science and Technology , 23 : 630 – 636 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• MacLeod , M. , Woodfine , D. , Brimacombe , J. , Toose , L. and Mackay , D. 2002 . A dynamic mass budget for toxaphene in North America . Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry , 21 : 1628 – 1637 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Millard , J. W. , Alvarez-Nunez , F. A. and Yalkowsky , S. H. 2002 . Solubilization by cosolvents: Establishing useful constants for the log-linear model . International Journal of Pharmaceutics , 245 : 153 – 166 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Morris , K. R. , Abramowitz , R. , Pinal , R. , Davis , P. and Yalkowsky , S. H. 1988 . Solubility of aromatic pollutants in mixed solvents . Chemosphere , 17 : 285 – 298 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Musial , C. J. and Uthe , J. F. 1983 . Widespread occurrence of the pesticide toxaphene in Canadian east coast marine fish . International Journal of Environmental Analytical Chemistry , 14 : 117 – 126 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nkedi-kizza , P. , Brusseau , M. L. , Rao , P. S. C. and Hornsby , A. G. 1989 . Nonequilibrium sorption during displacement of hydrophobic organic chemicals and 45Ca through soil columns with aqueous and mixed solvents . Environmental Science and Technology , 23 : 814 – 820 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Norstrom , R. J. , Simon , M. , Muir , D. C. G. and Schweinsburg , R. E. 1988 . Organochlorine contaminants in arctic marine food chains: identification, geographical distribution, and temporal trends in polar bears . Environmental Science and Technology , 22 : 1063 – 1071 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Paan , P. , Chen , X. and Clark , C. J. II . 2006 . Effect of cosolvents on toxaphene aqueous solubility . Environmental Chemistry , 3 : 111 – 117 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Park , G. S. 1953 . Experimental study of the influences of various factors on the time dependant nature of diffusion in polymers . Journal of Polymer Science , 11 : 97 – 115 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Poster , D. L. , Kucklick , J. R. , Schantz , M. M. , Porter , B. J. , Sander , L. C. and Wise , S. A. 2007 . New developments in standard reference materials (SRMs) for environmental forensics . Environmental Forensics , 8 : 181 – 191 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rao , P. S. C. , Annable , M. D. , Sillan , R. K. , Dai , D. , Hatfield , K. , Graham , W. D. , Wood , A. L. and Enfield , C. G. 1997 . Field-scale evaluation of in situ cosolvent flushing for enhanced aquifer remediation . Water Resources Research , 33 : 2673 – 2686 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rao , P. S. C. , Hornsby , A. G. , Kilcrease , D. P. and Nkedi-Kizza , P. 1985 . Sorption and transport of hydrophobic organic chemicals in aqueous and mixed solvent systems: model development and preliminary evaluation . Journal of Environmental Quality , 14 : 376 – 383 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schroth , M. H. , Ahearn , S. J. , Selker , J. S. and Istok , J. D. 1996 . Characterization of miller-similar silica sands for laboratory hydrologic studies . Soil Science Society of America Journal , 60 ( 5 ) : 1331 – 1339 .
   Google Scholar
• Toride , N. , Leij , F. J. and van Genuchten , M. T. 1995 . The CXTFIT code for estimating transport parameters from laboratory or field tracer experiments , 137 Riverside , CA : US Salinity Laboratory, USDA, ARS .
   Google Scholar
• United States Department of Health and Human Services (US DHHS) . 1996 . Toxicological profile for toxaphene , Atlanta , GA : Research Triangle Institute for the Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry .
   Google Scholar
• United States Environmental Protection Agency (US EPA) . 1998 . Semivolatile organic compound by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS). Method 8270D , Washington , DC : Office of Solid Waste .
   Google Scholar
• 1999 . Toxaphene update: Impact on fish advisories. EPA-823-F-99-018 , Washington , DC : US EPA .
   Google Scholar
• Van Genuchten , M. T. 1981 . Analytical solution for chemical transport with simultaneous absorption zero-order production and first-order decay . Journal of Hydrology , 49 : 213 – 233 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wauchope , R. D. , Buttler , T. M. and Homsby , A. G. 1992 . The SCS/ARS/CES pesticide properties database for environmental decision-making . Reviews of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology , 123 : 1 – 155 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Xia , G. and Pignatello , J. J. 2001 . Detailed sorption isotherm of polar and apolar compounds in a high-organic soil . Environmental Science and Technology , 35 : 84 – 94 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yalkowsky , S. H. and Roseman , T. 1981 . “ Solubilization of drugs by cosolvents ” . In Techniques of solubilization of drugs , 91 – 134 . New York : Marcel Dekker .
   Google Scholar