Inventory of aliphatic hydrocarbons in a tropical mangrove estuary: a biomarker approach

References

• Aboul‐Kassim, T. A. T., and Simoneit, B. R. T. 1995. Petroleum hydrocarbon fingerprinting and sediment transport assessed by molecular biomarker and multivariate statistical analyses in the eastern harbour of Alexandria, Egypt. Marine Pollution Bulletin 30:63–73.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• APHA. 1995. Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Waste Water, 19th ed. Washington, DC: American Public Health Association.
   Google Scholar
• Barnes, H., and Blackstock, J. 1973. Estimation of lipids in marine animals and tissues: Detailed investigation of the sulphosphovanillin method for ‘total’ lipids. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology 12:103–118.
   Google Scholar
• Barrick, R. C., Hedges, J. I., and Peterson, M. L. 1980. Hydrocarbon geochemistry of the Puget Sound region – I. sedimentary acyclic hydrocarbons. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 44:1349–1362.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bligh, E. G., and Dyer, W. J. 1959. A rapid method of total lipid extraction and purification. Canadian Journal of Biochemistry and Physiology 37:911–917.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Blumer, M., Mullin, M. M., and Thomas, D. W. 1963. Pristane in zooplankton. Science (New York, N.Y.) 140:974.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Borges, A. V., Delille, B., and Frankignoulle, M. 2005. Budgeting sinks and sources of CO2 in the coastal ocean: Diversity of ecosystems counts. Geophysical Research Letters 32:L14601.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bouillon, S., Moens, T., Koedam, N., Dahdouh-Guebas, F., Baeyens, W., and Dehairs, F. 2004. Variability in the origin of carbon substrates for bacterial communities in mangrove sediments. FEMS Microbiology Ecology 49:171–179.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bouloubassi, I., Fillaux, J., and Saliot, A. 2001. Hydrocarbons in surface sediments from the Changjiang (Yangtze River) Estuary, East China Sea. Marine Pollution Bulletin 42:1335–1346.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bourbonniere, R. A., and Meyers, P. A. 1996. Anthropogenic influences on hydrocarbon contents of sediments deposited in eastern Lake Ontario since1800. Environmental Geology 28:22–28.
   Google Scholar
• Brassel, S. C., Eglington, G., Maxwell, J. R., and Philp, R. P. 1978. Natural background of alkanes in the aquatic environment. In Aquatic Pollutants: Transformation and Biological Effects, eds. Hutzinger, O., van Lelyveld, L. H., and Zoeteman, B. C. J. Oxford, UK: Permagon Press, 69–86.
   Google Scholar
• Cranwell, P. A. 1981. Diagenesis of free and bound lipids in terrestrial detritus deposited in a lacustrine sediment. Organic Geochemistry 3:79–89.
   Google Scholar
• Cranwell, P. A., Eglinton, G., and Robinson, N. 1987. Lipids of aquatic organisms as potential contributors to lacustrine sediments-II. Organic Geochemistry 11:513–527.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Didyk, B. M., Simoneit, B. R. T., Brassell, S. C., and Eglinton, G. 1978. Organic geochemical indicators of paleoenvironmental conditions of sedimentation. Nature 272:216–222.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Duarte, C. M., Middelburg, J. J., and Caraco, N. 2004. Major role of marine vegetation on the oceanic carbon cycle. Biogeosciences Discussions 1:659–679.
   Google Scholar
• Dubois, M., Gilles, K. A., Hamilton, J. K., Rebers, P. A., and Smith, F. 1956. Colorimetric method for determination of sugars and related substances. Analytical Chemistry 28:350–356.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Eglinton, G., and Hamilton, R. J. 1967. Leaf epicuticular waxes. Science (New York, N.Y.) 156:1322–1335.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ekweozor, C. M. 1978. Organic geochemistry of some sediments in the Niger Delta: The terpenoid aspect. Ph.D Thesis, University of Ibadan, Ibadan. Nigeria.
   Google Scholar
• Ekweozor, C. M., Okogun, J. I., Ekong, D. E. U., and Maxwell, J. R. 1981. C24 - C27 degraded triterpanes in Nigerian petroleum: Novel molecular markers of source/input or organic maturation? Journal of Geochemical Exploration 15:653–662.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ficken, K. J., Li, B., Swain, D. L., and Eglinton, G. 2000. An n-alkane proxy for the sedimentary input of submerged/floating freshwater aquatic macrophytes. Organic Geochemistry 31:745–749.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Folk, R. L. 1974. Petrology of Sedimentary Rocks. Austin, TX: Hemphill Publishing Co. p. 184.
   Google Scholar
• Gao, X., and Chen, S. 2008. Petroleum pollution in surface sediments of Daya Bay, South China, revealed by chemical fingerprinting of aliphatic and alicyclic hydrocarbons. Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science 80:95–102.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gearing, P. J., Plucker, F. E., and Parker, P. L. 1977. Organic carbon stable isotope ratios of continental margin sediments. Marine Chemistry 5:251–266.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gireeshkumar, T. R., Deepulal, P. M., and Chandramohanakumar, N. 2012. Distribution and sources of sedimentary organic matter in a tropical estuary, south west coast of India (Cochin estuary): A baseline study. Marine Pollution Bulletin 66:239–245.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gireeshkumar, T. R., Deepulal, P. M., and Chandramohanakumar, N. 2015. Distribution and sources of aliphatic hydrocarbons and fatty acids in surface sediments of a tropical estuary south west coast of India (Cochin estuary). Environmental Monitoring and Assessment 187:56. DOI 10.1007/s10661-015-4308-x.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gogou, A., Bouloubassi, I., and Stephanou, E. G. 2000. Marine organicgeochemistry of Eastern Mediterranean: Aliphatic and polyaromatichydrocarbons in Cretean Sea surficial sediments. Marine Chemistry 68:265–282.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Goni, M. A., Maria, J. T., and David, W. P. 2003. Sources and distribution of organic matter in a river-dominated estuary (Winyah Bay, SC, USA). Estuarine Coastal and Shelf Science 57:1023–1048.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gupta, N. S., Michels, R., Briggs, D. E. G., Collinson, M. E., Evershed, R. P., and Pancost, R. D. 2007. Experimental evidence for the formation of geomacromolecules from plant leaf lipids. Organic Geochemistry 38:28–36.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Han, J., and Calvin, M. 1969. Hydrocarbon distribution of algae and bacteria, and microbial activity in sediments. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 64:436–443.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hedges, J. I., and Keil, R. G. 1999. Organic geochemical perspectives on estuarine processes: Sorption reactions and consequences. Marine Chemistry 65:55–65.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hernes, P. J., Benner, R., Cowie, G. L., Goni, M. A., Bergamaschi, B. A., and Hedges, J. I. 2001. Tannin diagenesis in mangrove leaves from a tropical estuary: A novel molecular approach. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 65:3109–3122.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Holzer, G., Oro, J., and Tornabene, T. G. 1979. Gas chromatographic-mass spectrometric analysis of neutral lipids from methanogenic and thermoacidophilic bacteria. Journal of Chromatography A 186:795–809.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jayaprakash, A. A. 2002. Long term trends in rainfall, sea level and solar periodicity: A case study for forecast of Malabar sole and Oil sardine fishery. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of India 44:163–175.
   Google Scholar
• Joseph, M. M., Kumar, C. S. R., Kumar, T. G. R., Renjith, K. R., and Chandramohanakumar, N. 2008. Biogeochemistry of surficial sediments in the intertidal systems of a tropical environment. Chemistry and Ecology 24:247–258.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Joseph, M. M., Renjith, K. R., Ratheesh, Kumar, C. S., and Chandramohanakumar, N. 2012. Assessment of organic matter sources in the Tropical Mangrove ecosystems of Cochin, Southwest India. Environmental Forensics 13:262–271.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kanzari, F., SyaktiA, D., Asia, L., et al. 2012. Aliphatic hydrocarbons, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, polychlorinated biphenyls, organochlorine and organophosphorus pesticides in surface sediments from Arc river and the Berre lagoon. Environmental Science and Pollution Research 19:559–576.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kerherve, P., Minagawa, M., Heussner, S., and Monaco, A. 2001. Stable isotopes (13C/12C and 15N/14N) in settling organic matter of the northwestern Maditerranean Sea: Biogeochemical implications. Oceanologica Acta 24:S77–S85.
   Google Scholar
• Kettler, T. A., Doran, J. W., and Gilbert, T. L. 2011. Simplified method for soil particle-size determination to accompany soil-quality analyses. Soil Science Society of America Journal 65:849–852.
   Google Scholar
• Killops, S., and Killops, V. 2005. Introduction to Organic Geochemistry. Vol. 2. Malden, MA: Blackwell Science Ltd.
   Google Scholar
• Kolattukudy, P. E., Croteau, R., and Buckner, J. S. 1976. Biochemistry of plant waxes. In Chemistry and Biochemistry of Natural Waxes, ed. Kolattukudy, P. E. Amsterdam: Elsevier, 289–347.
   Google Scholar
• Lehmann, M. F., Bernasconi, S. M., Barbieri, A., and McKenzie, J. A. 2002. Preservation of organic matter and alteration of its carbon and nitrogen isotope composition during simulated and in situ early sedimentary diagenesis. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 66:3573–3584.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lin, Y. M., Liu, J. W., Xiang, P., Lin, P., Ye, G. F., and Sternberg, L. S. L. 2006. Tannin dynamics of propagules and leaves of Kandelia candel and Bruguiera gymnorrhiza in the Jiulong River Estuary, Fujian, China. Biogeochemistry 78:343–359.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lowry, O. H., Rosebrough, N. J., Fart, A. L., and Randall, R. J. 1951. Protein measurement with Folin phenol reagent. Journal of Biological Chemistry 193:265–275.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ludwig, W., Probst, J. L., and Kempe, S. 1996. Predicting the oceanic input of organic carbon by continental erosion. Global Biogeochemical Cycles 10:23–41.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mazurek, M. A., and Simoneit, B. R. T. 1984. Characterization of biogenic and petroleum-derived organic matter in aerosols over remote rural and urban areas. In Identification and Analysis of Organic Pollutants in Air, ed. Keith, L. H. Boston, MA: Ann Arbor Science/Butterworth, 353–370.
   Google Scholar
• Mead, R., Xu, Y., Chong, J., and Jaffe, R. 2005. Sediment and soil organic matter source assessment as revealed by the molecular distribution and carbon isotopic composition of n-alkanes. Organic Geochemistry 36:363–370.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Menon, N. N., Balchand, A. N., and Menon, N. R. 2000. Hydrobiology of the Cochin backwater system a review. Hydrobiologia 430:149–183.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Meyers, P. A. 1994. Preservation of elemental and isotopic source identification of sedimentary organic matter. Chemical Geology 114:289–302.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Meyers, P. A. 1997. Organic geochemical proxies of paleoceanographic, paleolimnologic, and paleoclimatic processes. Organic Geochemistry 27:213–250.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Meyers, P. A. 2003. Applications of organic geochemistry to paleolimnological reconstructions: A summary of examples from the Laurentian Great Lakes. Organic Geochemistry 34:261–289.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Meyers, P. A., and Ishiwatari, R. 1995. Organicmatter accumulation records in lake sediments. In Physics and Chemistry of Lakes, eds. Lerman, A., Imboden, D. M., Gat, J. R. Berlin: Springer, 279–328.
   Google Scholar
• Middelburg, J. J., Duarte, C. M., and Gattuso, J. P. 2004. Respiration in coastal benthic communities. In Respiration in Aquatic Ecosystems, eds. del Giorgio, P. A. and Williams, P. J. le B. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 206–224.
   Google Scholar
• Mille, G., Asia, L., Guiliano, M., Malleret, L., and Doumenq, P. 2007. Hydrocarbons in coastal sediments from the Mediterranean sea (Gulf of Fos area, France). Marine Pollution Bulletin 54:566–575.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Moldowan, J. M., Albrecht, P., and Philp, R. P. 1992. Biological Markers in Sediments and Petroleum. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice -Hall, 12–26.
   Google Scholar
• Nair, S. M., Balchand, A. N., and Nambisan, P. N. K. 1989. On the determination and distribution hydroxylated aromatic compounds in estuarine waters. Toxicological & Environmental Chemistry 23:203–213.
   Google Scholar
• Otto, A., and Simoneit, B. R. T. 2001. Chemosystematics and diagenesis of terpenoids in fossil conifer species and sediment from the Eocene Zeitz formation, Saxony, Germany. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 65:3505–3527.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Oyo-Ita, O. E., Ekpo, B. O., and Orosa, D. R. 2010. Distributions and sources of aliphatic hydrocarbons and ketones in surface sediments from the Cross River estuary, S.E. Niger Delta, Nigeria. Journal of Applied Science in Environmental Sanitation 5:1–11.
   Google Scholar
• Pautler, B. G., Austin, J., Otto, A., Stewart, K., Lamoureux, S. F., and Simpson, M. J. 2010. Biomarker assessment of organic matter sources and degradation in Canadian High Arctic littoral sediments. Biogeochemistry 100:75–87.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Philp, R. P., Simoneit, B. R. T., Gilber, T. C., et al. 1983. Diterpenoids in crude oils andcoals of southern Australia. In Advances in Organic Geochemistry 1991, ed. Bjoroy, M. Chicheser: Wiley, 698–704.
   Google Scholar
• Ramaswamy, V., Gaye, B., Shirodkar, P., et al. 2008. Distribution and sources of organic carbon, nitrogen and their isotopic signatures in sediments from the Ayeyarwady (Irrawaddy) continental shelf, northern Andaman Sea. Marine Chemistry 111:137–150.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Readman, J. W., Fillmann, G., Tolosa, I., et al. 2002. Petroleum and PAH contamination of the Black Sea. Marine Pollution Bulletin 44:48–62.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Renjith, K. R., Joseph, M. M., Ghosh, P., Rahman, K. H., Kumar, C. R., and Chandramohanakumar, N. 2013. Biogeochemical facsimile of the organic matter quality and trophic status of a micro-tidal tropical estuary. Environmental Earth Sciences 70:729–742.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Resmi, P., Manju, M. N., Gireeshkumar, T. R., Ratheesh Kumar, C. S., and Chandramohanakumar, N. 2016. Source characterisation of Sedimentary organic matter in mangrove ecosystems of northern Kerala, India: Inferences from bulk characterisation and hydrocarbon biomarkers. Regional Studies in Marine Science 7:43–54.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rice, D. L. 1982. The detritus nitrogen problem: New observations and perspectives from organic geochemistry. Marine Ecology Progress Series 9:153–162.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ruttenberg, K. C., and Goni, M. A. 1997. Phosphorus distribution, C:N:P ratios, and δl3C org in arctic, temperate, and tropical coastal sediments: Tools for characterizing bulk organic matter. Marine Geology 139:123–145.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Salas, P. M., Sujatha, C. H., and Kumar, C. R. 2015. Fate and source distribution of organic constituents in a river-dominated tropical estuary. Journal of Earth System Science 124:1265–1279.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sebastian, R., and Chacko, J. 2006. Distribution of organic carbon in tropical mangrove sediments (Cochin, India). International Journal of Environmental Studies 63:303–311.
   Google Scholar
• Sikes, E. L., Uhle, M. E., Nodder, S. D., and Howard, M. E. 2009. Sources of organic matter in a coastal marine environment: Evidence from n-alkanes and their δ13C distributions in the Hauraki Gulf, New Zealand. Marine Chemistry 113:149–163.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Simoneit, B. R. T. 1977. Diterpenoid compounds and other lipids in deep sea sediments and their geochemical significance. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 41:463–476.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Simoneit, B. R. T. 1978. The organic geochemistry of marine sediments. In Chemical Oceanography 7, eds. Riley, J. P., and Chester, R. New York, NY: Academic Press, 233–311.
   Google Scholar
• Simoneit, B. R. T. 1989. Organic matter of troposphere -V: Application of molecular marker analysis to biogenic emissions into the troposphere for source reconciliations. Journal of Atmospheric Chemistry 8:251–275.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Simoneit, B. R. T. 2002. Biomass burning-a review of organic tracers for smoke from incomplete combustion. Applied Geochemistry 17:129–162.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Srinivas, K., Revichandran, C., Maheswaran, P. A., Asharaf, M., and Murukesh, N. 2003. Propagation of tides in the Cochin estuarine system. Southwest Coast of India. Indian Journal of Marine Sciences 32:14–24.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Subramanian, V. 2000. Impact of socio-economic development on the mangrove ecosystem of Cochin in Kerala. In Environmental Problems of Coastal Areas in India, ed. Sharma, K. V. Delhi: Bookwell, 191–199.
   Google Scholar
• Syakti, A. D., Hidayati, N. V., Hilmi, E., Piram, A., and Doumenq, P. 2013. Source apportionment of sedimentary hydrocarbons in the Segara Anakan Nature Reserve, Indonesia. Marine Pollution Bulletin 74:141–148.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Volkman, J. K., Holdsworth, D. G., Neil, G. P., and Bavor, H. J., Jr. 1992. Identification of natural anthropogenic and petroleum hydrocarbons in aquatic sediments. The Science of the Total Environment 112:203–219
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Volkman, J. K., and Maxwell, J. R. 1986. Acyclic isoprenoids as biological markers. In Biological Markers in the Sedimentary Record, ed. Johns, R. B. Amsterdam: Elsevier, 1–42.
   Google Scholar
• Wang, Z., Fingas, M., Shu, Y. Y., et al. 1999. Qualitative characterization of PAHs in burn residue and soot samples and differentiation of pyrogenic PAHs from petrogenic PAHs - The 1994 mobile burn study. Environmental Science & Technology 33:3100–3109.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Waples, D. W. 1985. Geochemistry in Petroleum Exploration. Holland: Reidel Publishing Company.
   Google Scholar
• Wu, Y., Zhang, J., Mi, T. Z., and Li, B. 2001. Occurrence of n–alkanes and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in the core sediments of the Yellow Sea. Marine Chemistry 76:1–15.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yamamuro, M. 2000. Chemical tracers of sediment organic matter origins in two coastal lagoons. Journal of Marine Systems 26:127–134.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar