Individual Differences in Identity Styles Predict Proactive Forms of Positive Adjustment

REFERENCES

• Adams , G. R. , Munro , B. , Doherty-Poirer , M. , Munro , G. , Peterson , A. M. and Edwards , J. 2001 . Diffuse-avoidant, normative, and informational identity styles: Using identity theory to predict maladjustment. . Identity: An International Journal of Theory and Research , 1 : 307 – 320 .
   Google Scholar
• Adams , G. R. , Munro , B. , Munro , G. , Doherty-Poirer , M. and Edwards , J. 2005 . Identity processing styles and Canadian adolescents' self-reported delinquency. . Identity: An International Journal of Theory and Research , 5 : 57 – 65 .
   Google Scholar
• Beaumont , S. L. and Zukanovic , R. 2005 . Identity development in men and its relationship to psychological distress and self-worth. . Canadian Journal of Behavioural Science , 37 : 70 – 81 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Berzonsky , M. D. 1988 . “ Self-theorists, identity status, and social cognition. ” . In Self, ego and identity: Integrative approaches , Edited by: Lapsley , D. K. and Power , F. C. 243 – 262 . New York : Springer-Verlag .
   Google Scholar
• Berzonsky , M. D. 1989 . Identity style: Conceptualization and measurement. . Journal of Adolescent Research , 4 : 268 – 282 .
   Google Scholar
• Berzonsky , M. D. 1990 . “ Self-construction over the lifespan: A process perspective on identity formation. ” . In Advances in personal construct theory , Edited by: Neimeyer , G. J. and Neimeyer , R. A. Vol. 1 , 155 – 186 . Greenwich, CT : JAI .
   Google Scholar
• Berzonsky , M. D. 1992a . Identity style and coping strategies. . Journal of Personality , 60 : 771 – 788 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Berzonsky , M. D. 1992b . Identity Style Inventory (ISI3), Revised version , Unpublished measure .
   Google Scholar
• Berzonsky , M. D. 1993 . Identity style, gender, and social-cognitive reasoning. . Journal of Adolescent Research , 8 : 289 – 296 .
   Google Scholar
• Berzonsky , M. D. 2003 . Identity style and well-being: Does commitment matter? . Identity: An International Journal of Theory and Research , 3 : 131 – 142 .
   Google Scholar
• Berzonsky , M. D. and Ferrari , J. R. 1996 . Identity orientation and decisional strategies. . Personality and Individual Differences , 20 : 597 – 606 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Berzonsky , M. D. and Kuk , L. S. 2000 . Identity status, identity processing style, and the transition to university. . Journal of Adolescent Research , 15 : 81 – 98 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Berzonsky , M. D. and Kuk , L. S. 2005 . Identity style, psychosocial maturity, and academic performance. . Personality and Individual Differences , 39 : 235 – 247 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Berzonsky , M. D. , Macek , P. and Nurmi , J. 2003 . Interrelationships among identity process, content, and structure: A cross-cultural investigation. . Journal of Adolescent Research , 18 : 112 – 130 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Berzonsky , M. D. , Nurmi , J.-E. , Kinney , A. and Tammi , K. 1999 . Identity processing style and cognitive attributional strategies: Similarities and differences across different contexts. . European Journal of Personality , 13 : 105 – 120 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Berzonsky , M. D. and Sullivan , C. 1992 . Social-cognitive aspects of identity style: Need for cognition, experiential openness, and introspection. . Journal of Adolescent Research , 7 : 140 – 155 .
   Google Scholar
• Boyd , V. S. , Hunt , P. F. , Kandell , J. J. and Lucas , M. S. 2003 . Relationship between identity processing style and academic success in undergraduate students. . Journal of College Student Development , 44 : 155 – 167 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dollinger , S. M. C. 1995 . Identity styles and the five-factor model of personality. . Journal of Research in Personality , 29 : 475 – 479 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Erikson , E. H. Identity: Youth and crisis. , New York : Norton. .
   Google Scholar
• Goleman , D. 1995 . Emotional intelligence , New York : Bantam Books .
   Google Scholar
• Greenglass , E. , Schwarzer , R. , Jakubiec , D. , Fiksenbaum , L. and Taubert , S. 1999 . The Proactive Coping Inventory (PCI): A theory guided multidimentional instrument . Paper presented at the International Conference of the Stress and Anxiety Research Society . 1999 . Poland : Kraków .
   Google Scholar
• Haviland , J. M. , Davidson , R. B. , Ruetsch , C. , Gebelt , J. L. and Lancelot , C. 1994 . The place of emotion in identity. . Journal of Research on Adolescence , 4 : 503 – 518 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kashdan , T. B. , Rose , P. and Fincham , F. D. 2004 . Curiosity and exploration: Facilitating positive subjective experiences and personal growth opportunities. . Journal of Personality Assessment , 82 : 291 – 305 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Keyes , C. L. M. and Haidt , J. 2003 . “ Human flourishing: The study of “that which makes life worthwhile.” . In Flourishing: Positive psychology and the life well-lived , Edited by: C. , L. M. and Haidt , J. 3 – 12 . Washington, DC : American Psychological Association. .
   Google Scholar
• Marcia , J. E. 1980 . “ Identity in adolescence. ” . In Handbook of adolescent psychology , Edited by: Adelson , J. 159 – 187 . New York : Wiley .
   Google Scholar
• Matthews , G. , Zeidner , M. and Roberts , R. D. 2002 . Emotional intelligence: Science and myth. , Cambridge, MA : MIT Press .
   Google Scholar
• Mayer , J. D. , Salovey , P. and Caruso , D. R. 2000 . “ Models of emotional intelligence. ” . In Handbook of intelligence , Edited by: Sternberg , R. J. 396 – 420 . New York : Cambridge University Press .
   Google Scholar
• McCrae , R. R. and Costa , P. T. Jr. 1985 . “ Openness to experience. ” . In Perspectives in personality , Edited by: Hogan , R. and Jones , W. H. Vol. 1 , 145 – 172 . Greenwich, CT : JAI Press .
   Google Scholar
• McCrae , R. R. and Costa , P. T. Jr. 2003 . Personality in adulthood: A five-factor theory perspective , 2nd , New York : Guilford .
   Google Scholar
• Nurmi , J. , Berzonsky , M. D. , Tammi , K. and Kinney , A. 1997 . Identity processing orientation and behavioural strategies and well-being. . International Journal of Behavioural Development , 21 : 555 – 570 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ryff , C. D. 1995 . The structure of psychological well-being revisited. . Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , 69 : 719 – 727 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Salovey , P. , Bedell , B. T. , Detweiler , J. B. and Mayer , J. D. 1999 . “ Coping intelligently: Emotional intelligence and the coping process. ” . In Coping: The psychology of what works , Edited by: Snyder , C. R. 141 – 164 . New York : Oxford University Press. .
   Google Scholar
• Salovey , P. and Mayer , J. D. 1990 . Emotional intelligence. . Imagination, Cognition, and Personality , 9 : 185 – 211 .
   Google Scholar
• Schutte , N. S. , Malouff , L. E. , Hall , L. E. , Haggerty , D. J. , Cooper , J. T. Golden , C. J. 1998 . Development and validation of a measure of emotional intelligence. . Personality and Individual Differences , 25 : 167 – 177 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schwarzer , R. and Knoll , N. 2003 . “ Positive coping: Mastering demands and searching for meaning. ” . In Positive psychological assessment: A handbook of models and measures , Edited by: Lopez , S. J. and Snyder , C. R. 393 – 409 . Washington, DC : American Psychological Association .
   Google Scholar
• Soenens , B. , Duriez , B. and Goossens , L. 2005 . Social-psychological profiles of identity styles: Attitudinal and social-cognitive correlates in late adolescence. . Journal of Adolescence , 28 : 107 – 125 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Strayer , J. 2002 . The dynamics of emotions and life cycle identity. . Identity: An International Journal of Theory and Research , 2 : 47 – 79 .
   Google Scholar
• Vleioras , G. and Bosma , H. A. 2005a . Are identity styles important for psychological well-being? . Journal of Adolescence , 28 : 397 – 409 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vleioras , G. and Bosma , H. A. 2005b . Predicting change in relational identity commitments: Exploration and emotions. . Identity: An International Journal of Theory and Research , 5 : 35 – 56 .
   Google Scholar