Toxicokinetics and Effects of PCBs in Arctic Fish: A Review of Studies on Arctic Charr

REFERENCES

• Aas-Hansen , Ø. , Vijayan , M. M. , Johnsen , H. K. , Cameron , C. and Jørgensen , E. H. 2005 . Re-smoltification in wild, anadromous Arctic char (Salvelinus alpinus): A survey of osmoregulatory, metabolic and endocrine changes preceding annual seawater migration . Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. , 62 : 195 – 204 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Aluru , N. , Jørgensen , E. H. , Maule , A. G. and Vijayan , M. M. 2004 . PCB disruption of the hypothalamus–pituitary–interrenal axis involves brain glucocorticoid receptor downregulation in anadromous Arctic charr . Am. J. Physiol. (Reg. Int. Comp. Physiol.) , 2 ( 87 ) : R787 – R793 .
   Google Scholar
• Arctic Monitoring and Assessment Programme. 2004 . AMAP assessment 2002: Persistent organic pollutants in the Arctic , Oslo, Norway : AMAP .
   Google Scholar
• Boivin , T. G. and Power , G. 1990 . Winter condition and proximate composition of anadromous Arctic charr (Salvelinus alpinus) in eastern Ungava Bay, Quebec . Can. J. Zool. , 68 : 2284 – 2289 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dutil , J. -D. 1986 . Energetic constraints and spawning interval in the anadromous Arctic charr (Salvelinus alpinus) . Copeia , 94 : 5 – 955 .
   Google Scholar
• Hektoen , H. , Ingebrigtsen , K. , Brevik , E. M. and Oehme , M. 1992 . Interspecies differences in tissue distribution of 2,3,7,8-terachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin between cod (Gadus morhua) and rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) . Chemosphere , 24 : 581 – 587 . [CROSSREF]
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hoar , W. S. 1988 . “ The physiology of smolting salmonids ” . In Fish physiology , Edited by: Hoar , W. S. and Randall , D. J. Vol. XI , 275 – 343 . New York : Academic Press .
   Google Scholar
• Hontela , A. 1998 . Interrenal dysfunction in fish from contaminated sites: In vivo and in vitro assessment . Environ. Toxicol. Chem. , 17 : 44 – 48 . [CROSSREF]
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jørgensen , E. H. , Johansen , S. J. S. and Jobling , M. 1997a . Seasonal pattern of growth, lipid deposition and lipid depletion in anadromous Arctic charr . J. Fish Biol. , 51 : 312 – 326 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jørgensen , E. H. , Burkow , I. C. , Foshaug , H. , Killie , B. and Ingebrigtsen , K. 1997b . The influence of lipid status on tissue distribution of the persistent organic pollutant octachlorostyrene in Arctic charr (Salvelinus alpinus) . Comp. Biochem. Physiol. C. , 118 : 311 – 318 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jørgensen , E. H. , Foshaug , H. , Andersson , P. , Burkow , I. C. and Jobling , M. 2002a . Polychlorinated biphenyl toxicokinetics and P4501A responses in anadromous Arctic charr during winter emaciation . Environ. Toxicol. Chem. , 21 : 1745 – 1752 . [CROSSREF]
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jørgensen , E. H. , Vijayan , M. , Aluru , N. and Maule , A. G. 2002b . Fasting modifies Aroclor 1254 impact on plasma cortisol, glucose and lactate responses to handling disturbance in Arctic charr . Comp. Biochem. Physiol. , C 132 : 235 – 245 .
   Google Scholar
• Jørgensen , E. H. , Aas-Hansen , Ø. , Maule , A. G. , Strand , J. E. T. and Vijayan , M. M. 2004 . PCB impairs smoltification and seawater performance in anadromous Arctic charr (Salvelinus alpinus) . Comp. Biochem. Physiol. C. , 138 : 203 – 212 . [CROSSREF]
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lassiter , R. R. and Hallam , T. G. 1990 . Survival of the fattest: Implications for acute effects of lipophilic chemicals on aquatic populations . Environ. Toxicol. Chem. , 9 : 585 – 595 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Maule , A. G. , Jørgensen , E. H. , Vijayan , M. M. and Killie , J. -E. A. 2005 . Aroclor 1254 reduces disease resistance and innate immune responses in fasted Arctic charr . Environ. Toxicol. Chem. , 24 : 117 – 124 . [PUBMED] [INFOTRIEVE] [CROSSREF]
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McKim , J. M. and Nichols , J. W. 1994 . “ Use of physiologically based toxicokinetic models in a mechanistic approach to aquatic toxicology ” . In Aquatic toxicology: Molecular, biochemical and cellular perspectives , Edited by: Ostrander , G. K. and Malins , D. 469 – 519 . Boca Raton, FL : Lewis .
   Google Scholar
• Mommsen , T. P. , Vijayan , M. M. and Moon , T. W. 1999 . Cortisol in teleosts: Dynamics, mechanisms of action, and metabolic regulation . Rev. Fish. Biol. Fish. , 9 : 211 – 268 . [CROSSREF]
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Muir , D. C. G. , Norstrom , R. J. and Simon , M. 1988 . Organochlorine contaminants in Arctic marine food chains: Accumulation of specific polychlorinated biphenyls and chlordane-related compounds . Environ. Sci. Technol. , 22 : 1071 – 1079 . [CROSSREF]
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Niimi , A. J. and Oliver , B. G. 1983 . Biological half-lives of polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) congeners in whole fish and muscle of rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri) . Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. , 40 : 1388 – 1394 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Safe , S. H. 1990 . Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs), dibenzofurans (PCDFs), and related compounds: Environmental and mechanistic considerations which support the development of toxic equivalency factors (TEFs) . Crit. Rev. Toxicol. , 21 : 51 – 88 . [PUBMED] [INFOTRIEVE]
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sijm , D. T. H. M. , Seinen , W. and Opperhuizen , A. 1992 . Life-cycle biomagnification study in fish . Environ. Sci. Technol. , 26 : 2162 – 2174 . [CROSSREF]
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Skotvold , T. , Wartena , E. M. M. and Schlaback , M. 1998 . Persistent organic contaminants in Arctic charr (Salvelinus alpinus) on Bear Island . Organohalogen Compounds , 39 : 411 – 414 .
   Google Scholar
• Skotvold, T., Wartena, E. M. M, Christensen, G. N., Fjeld, E., and Schlaback, M. 1999. Organochlorine contaminants in biota and sediment from lakes on Bear Island. Akvaplan niva report 510.1443.1.
   Google Scholar
• Stegeman , J. J. and Hahn , M. E. 1994 . “ Biochemistry and molecular biology of monooxygenases: current perspectives on forms, functions, and regulation of cytochrome P450 in aquatic species ” . In Aquatic toxicology: Molecular, biochemical and cellular perspectives , Edited by: Ostrander , G. K. and Malins , D. 87 – 206 . Boca Raton, FL : Lewis .
   Google Scholar
• Usher , M. L. , Talbot , C. and Eddy , F. B. 1991 . Effects of transfer to seawater on growth and feeding in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.) . Aquaculture , 94 : 309 – 326 . [CROSSREF]
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Van der Weiden , M. E. J. , Bleumink , R. , Seinen , W. and Van den Berg , M. 1994 . Concurrence of P450-1A induction and toxic effects in the mirror carp (Cyprinus carpio), after administration of a low-dose of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p dioxin . Aquat. Toxicol. , 29 : 147 – 162 . [CROSSREF]
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vijayan , M. M. , Prunet , P. and Boone , A. N. 2005 . “ Xenobiotic impact on corticosteroid signaling ” . In Biochemistry and molecular biology of fishes , Edited by: Mommsen , T. P. and Moon , T. W. Vol. 5 , 365 – 394 . New York : Elsevier .
   Google Scholar
• Wiseman , S. and Vijayan , M. M. Molecular responses to nonylphenol exposure in trout hepatocytes: A cDNA microarray study . Proceedings of the 29th Annual Aquatic Toxicity Workshop . Edited by: Eichkoff , C. V. , van Aggelen , G. C. and Niimi , A. J. pp. 1120 Whistler : Fisheries and Oceans Canada .
   Google Scholar