216
Views
27
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Original Articles

Effects of Organochlorines, Individually and in Mixtures, on B-Cell Proliferation in Marine Mammals and Mice

, , , &
Pages 266-275 | Received 09 Mar 2007, Accepted 12 Jun 2007, Published online: 05 Feb 2008

REFERENCES

  • Aguilar, A., and Borrell, A., 1994. Abnormally high polychlorinated biphenyl levels in striped dolphins (Stenella coeruleoalba) affected by the 1990–1992 Mediterranean epizootic, Sci. Total Environ. 154 (1994), pp. 237–247.
  • Beckmen, K. B., Blake, J. E., Ylitalo, G. M., Stott, J. L., and O'Hara, T. M., 2003. Organochlorine contaminant exposure and associations with hematological and humoral immune functional assays with dam age as a factor in free-ranging northern fur seal pups (Callorhinus ursinus), Mar. Pollut. Bull. 46 (2003), pp. 594–606.
  • Brousseau, P., Payette, Y., Tryphonas, H., Blakley, B., Boermans, H., Flipo, D., and Fournier, M., 1999. "Lymphoblastic transformation". In: Manual of immunological methods. Boston: CRC Press; 1999. pp. 77–86.
  • Brouwer, A., Reijnders, P. J., and Koeman, J. H., 1989. Polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB)-contaminated fish induces vitamin A and thyroid hormone deficiency in the common seal (Phoca vitulina), Aquat. Toxicol. 15 (1989), pp. 99–106.
  • Dautremepuits, C., Betoulle, S., Paris-Palacios, S., and Vernet, G., 2004. Humoral immune factors modulated by copper and chitosan in healthy or parasitised carp (Cyprinus carpio L.) by Ptychobothrium sp. (Cestoda), Aquat. Toxicol. 68 (2004), pp. 325–338, .
  • Davis, D., and Safe, S., 1989. Dose-response immunotoxicities of commercial polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and their interaction with 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin, Toxicol. Lett. 48 (1989), pp. 35–43.
  • Dean, J. H., Cornacoff, J. B., Rosenthal, G. J., and Luster, M. I., 1989. "Immune system: Evaluation of injury". In: Hayes, A. W., ed. Principles and methods of toxicology. New York: Raven Press; 1989. pp. 741–760.
  • Dean, J. H., Lauer, L. D., House, R. V., Ward, E. C., and Murray, M. J., 1987. "Experience with validation of methodology for immunotoxicology assessment in rodents". In: Berlin, A., Dean, J., Draper, M., Smith, E., and Spreafico, F., eds. Immunotoxicology. Boston: Martinus Nijhoff; 1987. pp. 135–158.
  • De Guise, S., Martineau, D., Beland, P., and Fournier, M., 1995. Possible mechanisms of action of environmental contaminants on St. Lawrence beluga whales (Delphinapterus leucas), Environ. Health Perspect. 103 (Suppl. 4) (1995), pp. 73–77.
  • De Guise, S., Martineau, D., Beland, P., and Fournier, M., 1998. Effects of in vitro exposure of beluga whale leukocytes to selected organochlorines, J. Toxicol. Environ. Health A 55 (1998), pp. 479–493.
  • De Guise, S., Beckmen, K.B., and Holladay, S. D., 2003. "Contaminants and marine mammal immunotoxicology and pathology". In: Vos, J., Bossart, G., Fournier, M., and O'shea, T., eds. New perspectives: Toxicology and the environment. Toxicology of marine mammals. New York: Taylor & Francis; 2003. pp. 38–54.
  • de Swart, R. L., Ross, P. S., Vedder, L. J., Timmerman, H. H., Heisterkamp, S. H., van Loveren, H., Vos, J. G., Reijnders, P. J. H., and Osterhaus, A. D. M. E., 1994. Impairment of immune function in harbour seals (Phoca vitulina) feeding of fish from polluted waters, AMBIO 23 (1994), pp. 155–159.
  • DeRosa, C., Richter, P., Pohl, H., and Jones, D. E., 1998. Environmental exposures that affect the endocrine system: Public health implications, J. Toxicol. Environ. Health B 1 (1998), pp. 3–26.
  • De Rosa, C. T., El-Masri, H. A., Pohl, H., Cibulas, W., and Mumtaz, M. M., 2004. Implications of chemical mixtures in public health practice, J. Toxicol. Environ. Health B 7 (2004), pp. 339–50.
  • Faustman, E., and Omenn, G., 1995. "Risk assessment". In: Klaassen, C., ed. Casarett and Doull's toxicology: The basic science of poisons. New York: McGraw-Hill; 1995. pp. 75–88.
  • Flipo, D., Bernier, J., Girard, D., Krzystyniak, K., and Fournier, M., 1992. Combined effects of selected insecticides on humoral immune response in mice, Int. J. Immunopharmacol. 14 (1992), pp. 747–752.
  • Goldsby, R. A., Kindt, T. J., and Osborne, B. A., 2001. Kuby immunology. New York: W.H. Freeman; 2001.
  • Hennig, B., Meerarani, P., Slim, R., Toborek, M., Daugherty, A., Silverstone, A. E., and Robertson, L. W., 2002. Proinflammatory properties of coplanar PCBs: In vitro and in vivo evidence, Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. 181 (2002), pp. 174–183.
  • Holsapple, M. P., Snyder, N. K., Wood, S. C., and Morris, D. L., 1991. A review of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin-induced changes in immunocompetence: 1991 update, Toxicology 69 (1991), pp. 219–255.
  • Imanishi, J., Nomura, H., Matsubara, M., Kita, M., Won, S. J., Mizutani, T., and Kishida, T., 1980. Effect of polychlorinated biphenyl on viral infections in mice, Infect. Immun. 29 (1980), pp. 275–277.
  • Kidd, K. A., Hesslein, R. H., Ross, B. J., Koczanski, K., Stephens, G. R., and Muir, D., 1998. Bioaccumulation of organochlorines through a remote freshwater food web in the Canadian Arctic, Environ. Pollut. 102 (1998), pp. 91–103.
  • Koller, L. D., and Thigpen, J. E., 1973. Biphenyl-exposed rabbits, Am. J. Vet. Res. 34 (1973), pp. 1605–1606.
  • Krzystyniak, K., Tryphonas, H., and Fournier, M., 1995. Approaches to the evaluation of chemical-induced immunotoxicity, Environ. Health Perspect. 103 (Suppl. 9) (1995), pp. 17–22.
  • Kunita, N., Hori, S., Obana, H., Otake, T., Nishimura, H., Kashimoto, T., and Ikegami, N., 1985. Biological effect of PCBs, PCQs and PCDFs present in the oil causing yusho and yu-cheng, Environ. Health Perspect. 59 (1985), pp. 79–84.
  • Lahvis, G. P., Wells, R. S., Kuehl, D. W., Stewart, J. L., Rhinehart, H. L., and Via, C. S., 1995. Decreased lymphocyte responses in free-ranging bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus) are associated with increased concentrations of PCBs and DDT in peripheral blood, Environ. Health Perspect. 103 (Suppl. 4) (1995), pp. 67–72.
  • Levin, M., De Guise, S., and Ross, P. S., 2005a. Association between lymphocyte proliferation and polychlorinated biphenyls in free-ranging harbor seal (Phoca vitulina) pups from British Columbia, Canada, Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 24 (2005a), pp. 1247–1252.
  • Levin, M., Morsey, B., Mori, C., and De Guise, S., 2005b. Non-coplanar PCB-mediated modulation of human leukocyte phagocytosis: A new mechanism for immunotoxicity, J. Toxicol. Environ. Health A 68 (2005b), pp. 1977–1993.
  • Levin, M., Morsey, B., Mori, C., Nambiar, P. R., and De Guise, S., 2005c. PCBs and TCDD, alone and in mixtures, modulate marine mammal but not B6C3F1 mouse leukocyte phagocytosis, J. Toxicol. Environ. Health A 68 (2005c), pp. 635–656.
  • Levin, M., Morsey, B., and De Guise, S., 2007. Modulation of the respiratory burst by organochlorine mixtures in marine mammals, humans, and mice, J. Toxicol. Environ. Health A 70 (2007), pp. 73–83.
  • Lie, E., Larsen, H. J., Larsen, S., Johansen, G. M., Derocher, A. E., Lunn, N. J., Norstrom, R. J., Wiig, O., and Skaare, J. U., 2005. Does high organochlorine (OC) exposure impair the resistance to infection in polar bears (Ursus maritimus)? Part II: Possible effect of OCs on mitogen- and antigen-induced lymphocyte proliferation, J. Toxicol. Environ. Health A 68 (2005), pp. 457–484.
  • Loose, L. D., Pittman, K. A., Benitz, K. F., and Silkworth, J. B., 1977. Polychlorinated biphenyl and hexachlorobenzene induced humoral immunosuppression, J. Reticuloendothel. Soc. 22 (1977), pp. 253–271.
  • Luster, M. I., Munson, A. E., Thomas, P. T., Holsapple, M. P., Fenters, J. D., White, K. L., Lauer, L. D., Germolec, D. R., Rosenthal, G. J., and Dean, J. H., 1988. Development of a testing battery to assess chemical-induced immunotoxicity: National Toxicology Program's guidelines for immunotoxicity evaluation in mice, Fundam. Appl. Toxicol. 10 (1988), pp. 2–19.
  • Luster, M. I., Pait, D. G., Portier, C., Rosenthal, G. J., Germolec, D. R., Comment, C. E., Munson, A. E., White, K., and Pollock, P., 1992. Qualitative and quantitative experimental models to aid in risk assessment for immunotoxicology, Toxicol. Lett. 64–65 (Spec No.) (1992), pp. 71–78.
  • Martineau, D., De Guise, S., Fournier, M., Shugart, L., Girard, C., Lagace, A., and Beland, P., 1994. Pathology and toxicology of beluga whales from the St. Lawrence Estuary, Quebec, Canada. Past, present and future, Sci. Total Environ. 154 (1994), pp. 201–215.
  • Mori, C., Morsey, B., Levin, M., Nambiar, P., and De Guise, S., 2006. Immunomodulatory effects of in vitro exposure to organochlorines on T cell proliferation in marine mammals and mice, J. Toxicol. Environ. Health 69 (2006), pp. 283–302.
  • Muir, D. C. G., Ford, C. A., Steward, R. E. A., Smith, T. G., Addison, R. F., Zinck, M. E., and Beland, P., 1990. Organochlorine contaminants in belugas, Delphinapterus leucas, from Canadian waters, Can. Bull. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 224 (1990), pp. 165–190.
  • Pallardy, M, Lebrec, H, Kerdine, S, Burleson, FG, and Burleson, GR., 2000. "In vitro immunotoxicology". In: Gad, S., ed. In vitro toxicology. New York: Taylor & Francis; 2000. pp. 347–364.
  • Raetz, C. R., 1993. Bacterial endotoxins: Extraordinary lipids that activate eucaryotic signal transduction, J. Bacteriol. 175 (1993), pp. 5745–5753.
  • Ross, P., De Swart, R., Addison, R., Van Loveren, H., Vos, J., and Osterhaus, A., 1996. Contaminant-induced immunotoxicity in harbour seals: Wildlife at risk?, Toxicology 112 (1996), pp. 157–169.
  • Ross, P. S., De Swart, R. L., Reijnders, P. J., Van Loveren, H., Vos, J. G., and Osterhaus, A. D., 1995. Contaminant-related suppression of delayed-type hypersensitivity and antibody responses in harbor seals fed herring from the Baltic Sea, Environ. Health Perspect. 103 (1995), pp. 162–167.
  • Ross, P. S., Ellis, G. M., Ikonomou, L. G., Barrett-Lennards, L. G., and Addison, R. F., 2000. High PCB concentrations in free-ranging Pacific killer whales, Orcinus orca: Effects of age, sex and dietary preference, Mar. Pollut. Bull. 40 (2000), pp. 504–515.
  • Safe, S., Safe, L., and Mullin, M., 1985. Polychlorinated biphenyls: Congener-specific analysis of a commercial mixture and a human milk extract, J. Agric. Food Chem. 33 (1985), pp. 24–29.
  • Safe, S., 1993. Toxicology, structure–function relationship, and human and environmental health impacts of polychlorinated biphenyls: progress and problems, Environ. Health Perspect. 100 (1993), pp. 259–268.
  • Safe, S. H., 1994. Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs): environmental impact, biochemical and toxic responses, and implications for risk assessment, Crit. Rev. Toxicol. 24 (1994), pp. 87–149.
  • Schwartz, R. H., 2003. T cell anergy, Annu. Rev. Immunol. 21 (2003), pp. 305–334, .
  • Smialowicz, R. J., 1995. "In vitro lymphocyte proliferation assays: The mitogen-stimulated response and the mixed-lymphocyte reaction in immunotoxicity testing". In: Burleson, G., Dean, J., and Munson, A., eds. Methods in immunotoxicology. New York: Wiley-Liss; 1995. pp. 197–210.
  • Smithwick, L. A., Smith, A., Quensen, J. F., Stack, A., London, L., and Morris, P. J., 2003. Inhibition of LPS-induced splenocyte proliferation by ortho-substituted polychlorinated biphenyl congeners, Toxicology 188 (2003), pp. 319–333.
  • Smithwick, L. A., Quensen, J. F., Smith, A., Kurtz, D. T., London, L., and Morris, P. J., 2004. The inhibition of LPS-induced splenocyte proliferation by ortho-substituted and microbially dechlorinated polychlorinated biphenyls is associated with a decreased expression of cyclin D2, Toxicology 204 (2004), pp. 61–74.
  • Stack, A. S., Altman-Hamamdzic, S., Morris, P. J., London, S. D., and London, L., 1999. Polychlorinated biphenyl mixtures (Aroclors) inhibit LPS-induced murine splenocyte proliferation in vitro, Toxicology 139 (1999), pp. 137–154.
  • Tanabe, S., 1988. PCB problems in the future: Foresight from current knowledge, Environ. Pollut. 50 (1988), pp. 5–28.
  • Thomas, P. T., and Hinsdill, R. D., 1978. Effect of polychlorinated biphenyls on the immune responses of rhesus monkeys and mice, Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. 44 (1978), pp. 41–51.
  • Tryphonas, H., Luster, M. I., Schiffman, G., Dawson, L. L., Hodgen, M., Germolec, D., Hayward, S., Bryce, F., Loo, J. C., Mandy, F., and Arnold, D. L., 1991. Effect of chronic exposure of PCB (Aroclor 1254) on specific and nonspecific immune parameters in the rhesus (Macaca mulatta) monkey, Fundam. Appl. Toxicol. 16 (1991), pp. 773–786.
  • Tryphonas, H., 1994. Immunotoxicity of polychlorinated biphenyls: Present status and future considerations, Exp. Clin. Immunogenet. 11 (1994), pp. 149–162.
  • Van den Berg, M., Birnbaum, L., Bosveld, A. T., Brunstrom, B., Cook, P., Feeley, M., Giesy, J. P., Hanberg, A., Hasegawa, R., Kennedy, S. W., Kubiak, T., Larsen, J. C., van Leeuwen, F. X., Liem, A. K., Nolt, C., Peterson, R. E., Poellinger, L., Safe, S., Schrenk, D., Tillitt, D., Tysklind, M., Younes, M., Waern, F., and Zacharewski, T., 1998. Toxic equivalency factors (TEFs) for PCBs, PCDDs, PCDFs for humans and wildlife, Environ. Health Perspect. 106 (1998), pp. 775–792.
  • Van den Berg, M., Birnbaum, L. S., Denison, M., De Vito, M., Farland, W., Feeley, M., Fiedler, H., Hakansson, H., Hanberg, A., Haws, L., Rose, M., Safe, S., Schrenk, D., Tohyama, C., Tritscher, A., Tuomisto, J., Tysklind, M., Walker, N., and Peterson, R. E., 2006. The 2005 World Health Organization reevaluation of human and Mammalian toxic equivalency factors for dioxins and dioxin-like compounds, Toxicol. Sci. 93 (2006), pp. 223–241.
  • Vial, T., Nicolas, B., and Descotes, J., 1996. Clinical immunotoxicity of pesticides, J. Toxicol. Environ. Health 48 (1996), pp. 215–229.
  • Vos, J.G., and Luster, M. I., 1989. "Immune alterations". In: Kimbrough, R. D., and Jensen, A. D., eds. Halogenated biphenyls, terphenyls, naphthalenes, dibenzodioxins, and related products. Amsterdam: Elsevier; 1989. pp. 295–322.
  • Wade, M. G., Foster, W. G., Younglai, E. V., McMahon, A., Leingartner, K., Yagminas, A., Blakey, D., Fournier, M., Desaulniers, D., and Hughes, C. L., 2002. Effects of subchronic exposure to a complex mixture of persistent contaminants in male rats: Systemic, immune, and reproductive effects, Toxicol. Sci. 67 (2002), pp. 131–143.

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.