127
Views
35
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Original Articles

Age, Gender, and Hormonal Status Modulate the Vascular Toxicity of the Diesel Exhaust Extract Phenanthraquinone

, , &
Pages 464-470 | Received 24 Sep 2007, Accepted 27 Nov 2007, Published online: 12 Mar 2008

REFERENCES

  • Bell , M. L. , Samet , J. M. and Dominici , F. 2004 . Time-series studies of particulate matter . Annu. Rev. Public Health , 25 : 247 – 280 .
  • Bloomfield , S. , Hogan , H. A. and Delp , M. D. 2002 . Decreases in bone blood flow and bone material properties in aging Fischer-344 rats . Clin. Orthop. Related Res. , 396 : 248 – 257 .
  • Brook , R. D. , Franklin , B. , Cascio , W. , Hong , Y. , Howard , G. , Lipsett , M. , Luepker , R. , Mittleman , M. , Samet , J. , Smith , S. C. and Tager , I. 2004 . Air pollution and cardiovascular disease: A statement for healthcare professionals from the expert panel on population and prevention science of the American Heart Association . Circulation , 109 : 2655 – 2671 .
  • Brookes , M. 1960 . Sequelae of experimental partial ischaemia in long bones of the rabbit . J. Anat. , 94 : 552 – 561 .
  • Brookes , M. 1966 . The vascular factor in osteoarthritis . Surg. Gynecol. Obstet. , 123 : 1255 – 1260 .
  • Brookes , M. and Revell , W. J. 1998 . Blood supply of bone: Scientific aspects , London : Springer–Verlag .
  • Burkhardt , R. , Kettner , G. , Bohm , W. , Schmidmeier , M. , Schlag , R. , Frisch , B. , Mallmann , B. , Eisenmenger , W. and Gilg , T. 1987 . Changes in trabecular bone, hematopoiesis and bone-marrow vessels in aplastic-anemia, primary osteoporosis, and old-age: A comparative histomorphometric study . Bone , 8 : 157 – 164 .
  • Campen , M. J. , Babu , N. S. , Helms , G. A. , Pett , S. , Wernly , J. , Mehran , R. and McDonald , J. D. 2005 . Nonparticulate components of diesel exhaust promote constriction in coronary arteries from ApoE(– / –) mice . Toxicol. Sci. , 88 : 95 – 102 .
  • Delp , M. D. 1999 . Myogenic and vasoconstrictor responsiveness of skeletal muscle arterioles is diminished by hindlimb unloading . J. Appl. Physiol. , 86 : 1178 – 1184 .
  • Dominici , F. , McDermott , A. , Daniels , M. , Zeger , S. L. and Samet , J. M. 2005 . Revised analyses of the National Morbidity, Mortality, and Air Pollution Study: Mortality among residents of 90 cities . J. Toxicol. Environ. Health A , 68 : 1071 – 1092 .
  • Ghirardi , O. , Cozzolino , R. , Guaraldi , D. and Giuliani , A. 1995 . Within- and between-strain variability in longevity of inbred and outbred rats under the same environmental conditions . Exp. Gerontol. , 30 : 485 – 494 .
  • Hansen , C. S. , Sheykhzade , M. , Moller , P. , Folkmann , J. K. , Amtorp , O. , Jonassen , T. and Loft , S. 2007 . Diesel exhaust particles induce endothelial dysfunction in apoE– / – mice . Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. , 219 : 24 – 32 .
  • Kelly , P. 1983 . “ Pathways of transport in bone ” . In The handbook of physiology: The cardiovascular system III , 371 – 396 . Baltimore, MD : Williams & Wilkins .
  • Kita , K. , Kawai , K. and Hirohata , K. 1987 . Changes in bone marrow blood flow with aging . J. Orthop. Res. , 5 : 569 – 575 .
  • Krewski , D. , Burnett , R. , Jerrett , M. , Pope , C. A. , Rainham , D. , Calle , E. , Thurston , G. and Thun , M. 2005 . Mortality and long-term exposure to ambient air pollution: Ongoing analyses based on the American Cancer Society cohort . J. Toxicol. Environ. Health A , 68 : 1093 – 109 .
  • Kumagai , Y. , Hayashi , T. , Miyauchi , T. , Endo , A. , Iguchi , A. , Kiriya-Sakai , M. , Sakai , S. , Yuki , K. , Kikushima , M. and Shimojo , N. 2001 . Phenanthraquinone inhibits eNOS activity and suppresses vasorelaxation . Am. J. Physiol. Regul. Integr. Comp. Physiol. , 281 : R25 – R30 .
  • Kumagai , Y. , Koide , S. , Taguchi , K. , Endo , A. , Nakai , Y. , Yoshikawa , T. and Shimojo , N. 2002 . Oxidation of proximal protein sulfhydryls by phenanthraquinone, a component of diesel exhaust particles . Chem. Res. Toxicol. , 15 : 483 – 489 .
  • Lahtinen , T. , Alhava , E. M. , Karjalainen , P. and Romppanen , T. 1981 . The effect of age on blood flow in the proximal femur in man . J. Nucl. Med. , 22 : 966 – 972 .
  • MacPherson , J. N. and Tothill , P. 1978 . Bone blood flow and age in the rat . Clin. Sci. Mol. Med. , 54 : 111 – 113 .
  • Markowska , A. L. and Savonenko , A. V. 2002 . Effectiveness of estrogen replacement in restoration of cognitive function after long-term estrogen withdrawal in aging rats . J. Neurosci. , 22 : 10985 – 10995 .
  • Miller , K. A. , Siscovick , D. S. , Sheppard , L. , Shepherd , K. , Sullivan , J. H. , Anderson , G. L. and Kaufman , J. D. 2007 . Long-term exposure to air pollution and incidence of cardiovascular events in women . N. Engl. J. Med. , 356 : 447 – 458 .
  • Mills , N. L. , Tornqvist , H. , Robinson , S. D. , Gonzalez , M. , Darnley , K. , MacNee , W. , Boon , N. A. , Donaldson , K. , Blomberg , A. , Sandstrom , T. and Newby , D. E. 2005 . Diesel exhaust inhalation causes vascular dysfunction and impaired endogenous fibrinolysis . Circulation. , 112 : 3930 – 3936 .
  • Muller-Delp , J. , Spier , S. A. , Ramsey , M. W. , Lesniewski , L. A. , Papadopoulos , A. , Humphrey , J. D. and Delp , M. D. 2002a . Effects of aging on vasoconstrictor and mechanical properties of rat skeletal muscle arterioles . Am. J. Physiol. Heart Circ. Physiol. , 282 : H1843 – H1854 .
  • Muller-Delp , J. M. , Spier , S. A. , Ramsey , M. W. and Delp , M. D. 2002b . Aging impairs endothelium-dependent vasodilation in rat skeletal muscle arterioles . Am. J. Physiol. Heart Circ. Physiol. , 283 : H1662 – H1672 .
  • Nemmar , A. , Hoylaerts , M. F. , Hoet , P. H. and Nemery , B. 2004 . Possible mechanisms of the cardiovascular effects of inhaled particles: Systemic translocation and prothrombotic effects . Toxicol. Lett. , 149 : 243 – 253 .
  • Peters , A. , von Klot , S. , Heier , M. , Trentinaglia , I. , Hormann , A. , Wichmann , H. E. and Lowel , H. 2004 . Exposure to traffic and the onset of myocardial infarction . N. Engl. J. Med. , 351 : 1721 – 1730 .
  • Pope , C. A. 2000 . Epidemiology of fine particulate air pollution and human health: Biologic mechanism and who's at risk? . Environ. Health Perspect. , 108 : S713 – S723 .
  • Prisby , R. D. , Ramsey , M. W. , Behnke , B. J. , Dominguez , J. M. , Donato , A. J. , Allen , M. R. and Delp , M. D. 2007 . Aging reduces skeletal blood flow, endothelium-dependent vasodilation and nitric oxide bioavailability in rats . J. Bone Miner. Res. , 22 : 1280 – 1288 .
  • Rossi , G. , Vigotti , M. A. , Zanobetti , A. , Repetto , F. , Gianelle , V. and Schwartz , J. 1999 . Air pollution and cause-specific mortality in Milan, Italy, 1980–1989 . Arch. Environ. Health , 54 : 158 – 164 .
  • Savonenko , A. V. and Markowska , A. L. 2003 . The cognitive effects of ovariectomy and estrogen replacement are modulated by aging . Neuroscience , 119 : 821 – 830 .
  • Schuetzle , D. 1983 . Sampling of vehicle emissions for chemical analysis and biological testing . Environ. Health Perspect. , 47 : 65 – 80 .
  • Sun , Q. , Wang , A. , Jin , X. , Natanzon , A. , Duquaine , D. , Brook , R. D. , Aguinaldo , J. G. , Fayad , Z. A. , Fuster , V. , Lippmann , M. , Chen , L. C. and Rajagopalan , S. 2005 . Long-term air pollution exposure and acceleration of atherosclerosis and vascular inflammation in an animal model . J. Am. Med. Assoc. , 294 : 3003 – 3010 .
  • Terashima , T. , Wiggs , B. , English , D. , Hogg , J. C. and van Eeden , S. F. 1997a . Phagocytosis of small carbon particles (PM10) by alveolar macrophages stimulates the release of polymorphonuclear leukocytes from the bone marrow . Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. , 155 : 1441 – 1447 .
  • Terashima , T. , Wiggs , B. , English , D. , Hogg , J. C. and van Eeden , S. F. 1997b . The effect of cigarette smoking on the bone marrow . Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. , 155 : 1021 – 1026 .
  • Ulrich , M. M. , Alink , G. M. , Kumarathasan , P. , Vincent , R. , Boere , A. J. and Cassee , F. R. 2002 . Health effects and time course of particulate matter on the cardiopulmonary system in rats with lung inflammation . J. Toxicol. Environ. Health A , 65 : 1571 – 1595 .
  • U.S. Environmental Protection Agency . Air quality criteria for particulate matter . EPA 600/P-99/002aF-bF . 2004 . Washington, DC: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
  • van Eeden , S. F. and Hogg , J. C. 2002 . Systemic inflammatory response induced by particulate matter air pollution: The importance of bone-marrow stimulation . J. Toxicol. Environ. Health A , 65 : 1597 – 1613 .
  • Yang , C. Y. , Chen , Y. S. , Yang , C. H. and Ho , S. C. 2004 . Relationship between ambient air pollution and hospital admissions for cardiovascular diseases in Kaohsiung, Taiwan . J. Toxicol. Environ. Health A , 67 : 483 – 493 .

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.