Surfactant Effects on Skin Absorption of Model Organic Chemicals: Implications for Dermal Risk Assessment Studies

REFERENCES

• Augustijns , P. and Brewster , M. E. , eds. 2007 . Solvent systems and their selection in pharmaceutics and biopharmaceutics , New York : Springer .
   Google Scholar
• Baynes , R. E. , Xia , X. R. , Imram , M. and Riviere , J. E. 2008 . Quantification of chemical mixture interactions that modulate dermal absorption using a multiple membrane coated fiber array . Chem. Res. Toxicol. , 21 : 591 – 599 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bliss , C. I. 1939 . The toxicity of poisons applied jointly . Ann. Appl. Biol. , 26 : 585 – 615 .
   Google Scholar
• Bowman , K. F. , Monteiro-Riviere , N. A. and Riviere , J. E. 1991 . Development of surgical techniques for preparation of in vitro isolated perfused porcine skin flaps for percutaneous absorption studies . Am. J. Vet. Res. , 52 : 75 – 82 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cooper , E. R. and Berner , B. 1984 . “ Interaction of surfactants with epidermal tissues ” . In Surfactants in cosmetics , Edited by: Rieger , M. M. 85 New York : Marcel Dekker .
   Google Scholar
• Cross , S. E. , Pugh , W. J. , Hadgraft , J. and Roberts , M. S. 2001 . Probing the effect of vehicles on topical delivery . Pharm. Res. , 18 : 999 – 1005 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• DeJong , C. M. , Lutter , R. , Verberk , M. M. and Kezic , S. 2007 . Differential cytokine expression in skin after single and repeated irritation by sodium lauryl sulphate . Exp. Dermatol. , 16 : 1032 – 1040 .
   Google Scholar
• Gregoire , S. , Ribaud , C. , Benech , F. , Meunier , J. R. , Garrigues-Mazert , A. and Guy , R. H. 2009 . Prediction of chemical absorption into and through the skin from cosmetic and dermatological formulations . Br. J. Dermatol. , 160 : 80 – 91 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Hargreaves , A. E. 2003 . Chemical formulation: An overview of surfactant-based preparations used in everday life , London : Royal Society of Chemistry .
   Google Scholar
• Idson , B. 1983 . Vehicle effects in percutaneous absorption . Drug Metab. Rev. , 14 : 207 – 222 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Khan , A. Y. , Talegaonkar , S. , Iqbal , Z. , Ahmed , F. J. and Khar , R. K. 2006 . Multiple emulsions: An overview . Curr. Drug Delivery , 3 : 429 – 443 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Lavoue , J. , Begin , D. and Geerin , M. 2003 . Technical, occupational health and environmental aspects of metal degreasing with aqueous cleaners . Ann. Occup. Hyg. , 47 : 441 – 459 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Monteiro-Riviere , N. A. , Bowman , K. F. , Scheidt , V. J. and Riviere , J. E. 1987 . The isolated perfused porcine skin flap (IPPSF): II. Ultrastructural and histological characterization of epidermal viability . In Vitro Toxicol. , 1 : 241 – 252 .
   Google Scholar
• Qiao , G. L. , Brooks , J. D. , Baynes , R. E. , Monteiro-Riviere , N. A. , Williams , P. L. and Riviere , J. E. 1996 . The use of mechanistically defined chemical mixtures (MDCM) to assess component effects on the percutaneous absorption and cutaneous disposition of topically-exposed chemicals. I. Studies with parathion mixtures in isolated perfused porcine skin . Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. , 141 : 473 – 486 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Riviere , J. E. and Brooks , J. D. 2005 . Predicting skin permeability from complex chemical mixtures . Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. , 208 : 99 – 110 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Riviere , J. E. and Brooks , J. D. 2007 . Prediction of dermal absorption from complex chemical mixtures: Incorporation of vehicle effects and interactions into a QSPR framework. SAR and QSAR . Environ. Res. , 18 : 31 – 44 .
   Google Scholar
• Riviere , J. E. and Monteiro-Riviere , N. A. 1991 . The isolated perfused porcine skin flap as an in vitro model for percutaneous absorption and cutaneous toxicology . Crit. Rev. Toxicol. , 21 : 329 – 344 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Riviere , J. E. , Baynes , R. E. and Xia , X. R. 2007 . Membrane coated fiber (MCF) array approach for predicting skin permeability of chemical mixtures from different vehicles . Toxicol. Sci. , 99 : 153 – 161 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Riviere , J. E. , Bowman , K. F. , Monteiro-Riviere , N. A. , Dix , L. P. and Carver , M. P. 1986 . The isolated perfused porcine skin flap (IPPSF). I. A novel in vitro model for percutaneous absorption and cutaneous toxicology studies . Fundam. Appl. Toxicol. , 7 : 444 – 453 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Riviere , J. E. , Monteiro-Riviere , N. A. and Baynes , R. E. 2002 . Gulf War Illness-related exposure factors influencing topical absorption of 14C-permethrin . Toxicol. Lett. , 135 : 61 – 71 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rosado , C. , Cross , S. E. , Pugh , W. J. , Roberts , M. S. and Hadgraft , J. 2003 . Effect of vehicle pretreatment on the flux, retention, and diffusion of topically applied penetrants in vitro . Pharm. Res. , 20 : 1502 – 1507 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sloan , K. B. , Koch , S. A. M. , Siver , K. G. and Flowers , F. P. 1986 . Use of solubility parameters of drug and vehicle to predict flux through skin . J. Invest. Dermatol. , 87 : 244 – 252 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Somasundaran , P. , Chakraborty , S. , Qiang , Q. , Deo , P. , Wang , J. and Zhang , R. 2004 . Surfactants, polymers and their nanoparticles for personal care applications . J. Cosmet. Sci. , 55 ( suppl ) : S1 – S17 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. 2004. Risk assessment guidance for Superfund, vol. I, Human health evaluation manual (Part E, Supplemental guidance for dermal risk assessment), pp. 3-1–3-10. EPA/540/R/99/005, July. http://www.epa.gov/oswer/riskassessment/ragse/index.htm
   Google Scholar
• Wester , R. C. , Melendres , J. , Sedik , L. , Maibach , H. I. and Riviere , J. E. 1998 . Percutaneous absorption of salicylic acid, theophylline, 2,4-dimethylamine, diethly hexylphthalic acid and p-aminobenzoic acid in the isolated perfused porcine skin flap compared to man . Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. , 151 : 159 – 165 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wilhelm , K. P. , Surber , C. and Maibach , H. I. 1991 . Effect of sodium lauryl sulfate-induced skin irritation on in vivo percutaneous penetration of four drugs . J. Invest. Dermatol. , 97 : 927 – 932 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Xia , X. R. , Baynes , R. E. , Monteiro-Riviere , N. A. , Leidy , R. B. , Shea , D. and Riviere , J. E. 2003 . A novel in vitro technique for studying percutaneous permeation with a membrane coated fiber and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. I. Performance of the technique and determination of the permeation rates and partition coefficients of chemical mixtures . Pharm Res. , 20 : 275 – 282 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Xia , X. R. , Baynes , R. E. , Monteiro-Riviere , N. A. and Riviere , J. E. 2004 . A compartment model for the membrane-coated fiber (MCF) technique used for determining the absorption parameters of chemicals into lipophilic membranes . Pharm. Res. , 21 : 1345 – 1352 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yeatts , J. L. , Baynes , R. E. , Xia , X. R. and Riviere , J. E. 2008 . Application of linear solvation energy relationships to a custom made polyaniline solid-phase microextraction fiber and three commercial fibers . J. Chromatogr. A , 1188 : 108 – 117 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar