Antiproliferative and genotoxic effects of chromium on cultured mammalian cells

References

• Bianchi , V. , Toso , R. D. , Debetto , P. , Levis , A. G. , Luciano , S. , Majone , F. and Tamino , G. 1980 . Mechanisms of chromium toxicity in mammalian cell cultures . Toxicology , 17 : 219 – 224 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Evenson , D. P. , Darzynkiewicz , Z. , Staiano‐Coico , L. , Traganos , F. and Melamed , R. 1979 . Effects of 9,10‐anthracenedione, 1,4‐bis((2‐((2‐hydroxyethyI)amino)‐ethyl)amino)‐diacetate on cell survival and cell cylce progression in cultured mammalian cells . Cancer Res. , 39 : 2574 – 2581 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gomez‐Arroyo , S. , Altamirano , M. and Villalobos‐Pietrini , R. 1981 . SCE induced by some chromium compounds in human lymphocytes in vitro . Mutat. Res. , 90 : 425 – 431 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kimler , B. F. 1980 . Effect of dihyroxyanthraquinone and radiation on G2 progression . Cancer Res. , 40 : 42 – 46 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Leonard , A. and Lauwerys , R. R. 1980 . Carcinogenicity and mutagenicity of chromium . Mutat. Res. , 76 : 227 – 239 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Levis , A. G. , Buttignol , M. , Bianchi , V. and Sponza , G. 1978 . Effects of potassium dichromate on nucleic acid and protein syntheses and on precursor uptake in BHK fibroblasts . Cancer Res. , 38 : 110 – 116 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Levis , A. G. and Majone , F. 1981 . Cytotoxic and clastogenic effects of soluble and insoluble compounds containing hexavalent and trivalent chromium . Brit. J. Cancer , 44 : 219 – 235 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Majone , F. and Levis , A. G. 1978 . Chromosomal aberrations and sister chromatid exhanges in Chinese hamster cells treated in vitro with hexavalent chromium compounds . Mutat. Res. , 67 : 231 – 238 .
   Google Scholar
• Nakamuro , K. , Yoshikawa , K. , Sayato , Y. and Kurata , H. 1978 . Comparative studies of chromosomal aberration and mutagenicity of trivalent and hexavalent chromium . Mutat. Res. , 58 : 175 – 181 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Newbold , R. F. , Amos , J. and Connell , J. R. 1979 . The cytotoxic, mutagenic and clastogenic effects of chromium‐containing compounds on mammalian cells in culture . Mutat. Res. , 67 : 55 – 63 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nishio , A. and Uyeki , E. M. 1981 . Induction of sister chromatid exhanges in Chinese hamster ovary cells by organophosphate insecticides and their oxygen analogs . J. Toxicol. Environ. Health , 8 : 939 – 946 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nishio , A. , DeFeo , F. , Cheng , C. C. and Uyeki , E. M. 1982 . Sister‐chromatid exchange and chromosomal aberrations by DHAZ and related anthraquinone derivatives in Chinese hamster ovary cells . Mutat Res. , 101 : 77 – 86 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Norseth , T. 1981 . The carcinogenicity of chromium . Environ. Health Perspect. , 40 : 121 – 130 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ohno , H. , Hanaoka , F. and Yamada , M. 1982 . Inducibility of SCE by heavy metal ions . Mutat. Res. , 104 : 141 – 145 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pardee , A. B. , Dubrow , R. , Hamlin , J. L. and Kletzien , R. F. 1978 . Animal cell cycle . Ann. Rev. Biochem. , 47 : 715 – 750 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Perry , P. and Wolff , S. 1974 . New Giemsa method for the differential staining of sister chromatids . Nature (London) , 251 : 156 – 158 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Petrilli , F. L. and DeFlora , S. 1978a . Metabolic deactivation of hexavalent chromium mutagenicity . Mutat. Res. , 54 : 139 – 147 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Petrilli , F. L. and DeFlora , S. 1978b . Oxidation of inactive trivalent chromium to the mutagenic hexavalent form . Mutat. Res. , 58 : 167 – 173 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stella , M. , Montaldi , A. , Rossi , R. , Rossi , G. and Levis , A. G. 1982 . Clastogenic effects of chromium on human lymphocytes in vitro and in vivo . Mutat. Res. , 101 : 151 – 164 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tamino , G. , Peretta , L. and Levis , A. G. 1981 . Effects of trivalent and hexavalent chromium on the physicochemical properties of mammalian cell nucelic acids and synthetic polynucleotides . Chem.‐Biol. Interact. , 37 : 309 – 319 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Uyeki , E. M. , Nishio , A. , Wittek , P. J. and Cheng , C. C. 1981 . Antiproliferative activity of doxorubicin and aminoanthraquinone derivatives on Chinese hamster ovary cells . J. Pharm. Sci. , 70 : 1011 – 1014 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wolff , S. 1978 . “ Relation between DNA repair, chromosome aberrations, and sister chromatid exchanges ” . In DNA Repair Mechanisms , Edited by: Hanawalt , P. C. , Friedberg , E. C. and Fox , C. F. 751 – 759 . New York : Academic .
   Google Scholar