Dose‐, route‐, and sex‐dependent urinary excretion of phenol metabolites in B6C3F₁ mice

References

• Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry . 1989 . “ Toxicological Profile for Benzene ” . ATSDR/TP‐88/03 Springfield, VA : NTIS PB89–209464 .
   Google Scholar
• Bechtold , W. E. , Sabourin , P. J. and Henderson , R. F. 1988 . A reverse isotope dilution method for determining benzene and metabolites in tissues . J. Anal. Joxicol. , 12 : 176 – 179 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bois , F. Y. , Smith , M. T. and Spear , R. C. 1991 . Mechanisms of benzene carcinogenesis: Application of a physiological model of benzene pharmacokinetics and metabolism . Joxicol. Lett. , 56 : 283 – 298 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Capel , I. D. , French , M. R. , Millburn , P. , Smith , R. L. and Williams , R. T. 1972 . The fate of [14C]phenol in various species . Xenobiotica , 2 : 25 – 34 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cassidy , M. K. and Houston , J. B. 1980 . In vivo assessment of extrahepatic conjugative metabolism in first pass effects using the model compound phenol . J. Pharm. Pharmacol. , 32 : 57 – 59 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cassidy , M. K. and Houston , J. B. 1984 . In vivo capacity of hepatic and extrahepatic enzymes to conjugate phenol . Drug Metab. Dispos. , 12 : 619 – 624 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Choy , W. N. , MacGregor , J. T. , Shelby , M. D. and Maronpot , R. R. 1985 . Induction of micronuclei by benzene in B6C3F1 mice: Retrospective analysis of peripheral blood smears from the NTP carcinogenesis bioassay . Mutat. Res. , 143 : 55 – 59 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Ciranni , R. , Barale , R. , Marrazzini , A. and Loprieno , N. 1988a . Benzene and the genotoxicity of its metabolites. I. Transplacental activity in mouse fetuses and in their dams . Mutat. Res. , 208 : 61 – 67 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ciranni , R. , Barale , R. , Ghelardini , G. and Loprieno , N. 1988b . Benzene and the genotoxicity of its metabolites. II. The effect of the route of administration on the micronuclei and bone marrow depression in mouse bone marrow cells . Mutat. Res. , 209 : 23 – 28 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Eastmond , D. A. , Smith , M. T. and Irons , R. D. 1987 . An interaction of benzene metabolites reproduces the myelotoxicity observed with benzene exposure . Joxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. , 91 : 85 – 95 .
   Google Scholar
• Erexson , G. L. , Wilmer , J. L. and Kligerman , A. D. 1985 . Sister chromatid exchange induction in human lymphocytes exposed to benzene and its metabolites in vitro . Cancer Res. , 45 : 2471 – 2477 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gad‐El Karim , M. M. , Harper , B. L. and Legator , M. S. 1984 . Modifications in the myeloclastogenic effect of benzene in mice with toluene, phenobarbital, 3‐methylchloranthrene, Aroclor 1254 and SKF‐525A . Mutat. Res. , 135 : 225 – 243 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Gebhardt , R. 1992 . Metabolic zonation of the liver: Regulation and implications for liver function . Pharmacol. Ther. , 53 : 275 – 354 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Huff , J. E. , Haseman , J. K. , DeMarini , D. M. , Eustis , S. , Maronpot , R. R. , Peters , A. C. , Persing , R. L. , Chrisp , C. E. and Jacobs , A. C. 1989 . Multiple‐site carcinogenicity of benzene in Fischer 344 rats and B6C3F, mice . Environ. Health Perspect. , 82 : 125 – 163 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• International Program on Chemical Safety . 1992 . “ Environmental Health Criteria for Hydroquinone ” . Geneva : WHO . PCS/EHC/92.8
   Google Scholar
• Koop , D. R. , Laethem , C. L. and Schnier , G. G. 1989 . Identification of ethanol‐inducible P450 isoenzyme 3a (P450IIE1) as a benzene and phenol hydroxylase . Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. , 98 : 278 – 288 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Koster , H. , Halsema , I. , Scholtens , E. , Knippers , M. and Mulder , G. J. 1981 . Dose‐dependent shifts in the sulfation and glucuronidation of phenolic compounds in the rat in vivo and in isolated hepato‐ cytes. The role of saturation of phenolsulfotransferase . Biochem. Pharmacol. , 30 : 2569 – 2575 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Luke , C. A. , Tice , R. R. and Drew , R. T. 1988 . The effect of exposure regimen and duration on benzene‐induced bone‐marrow damage in mice I. Sex comparison in DBA/2 mice. . Mutat. Res. , 203 : 251 – 271 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Matsui , M. and Watanabe , H. K. 1982 . Developmental alteration of hepatic UDP‐glucuronsyltransferase and sulfotransferase towards androsterone and 4‐nitrophenol in Wistar rats . Biochem. J. , 204 : 441 – 447 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Meerman , J. H. N. , Nijland , C. and Mulder , G. J. 1987 . Sex differences in sulfation and glucuronidation of phenol, 4‐nitrophenol and N‐hydroxy‐2‐acetylaminofluorene in the rat in vivo . Biochem. Pharmacol. , 36 : 2605 – 2608 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Morris , M. E. and Pang , K. S. 1987 . Competition between two enzymes for substrate removal in liver: Modulating effects due to substrate recruitment of hepatocyte activity . J. Pharmacokinet. Biopharm. , 15 : 473 – 496 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• National Cancer Institute . 1980 . “ Bioassay of Phenol for Possible Carcinogenicity ” . Technical Report Series No. NCI‐CG‐TR‐203 Department of Health and Human Services .
   Google Scholar
• Ramli , J. B. and Wheldrake , J. F. 1981 . Phenol conjugation in the desert hopping mouse . Notomys alexis. Comp. Biochem. Physiol. , 69C : 379 – 381 .
   Google Scholar
• Sabourin , P. J. , Chen , B. T. , Lucier , G. , Birnbaum , L. S. , Fisher , E. and Henderson , R. F. 1987 . Effect of dose on the absorption and excretion of [14C]benzene administered orally or by inhalation in rats and mice . Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. , 87 : 325 – 336 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sabourin , P. J. , Bechtold , W. E. and Henderson , R. F. 1988 . A high pressure liquid chromatographic method for the separation and quantitation of water‐soluble radiolabeled benzene metabolites . Anal. Biochem. , 170 : 316 – 327 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sabourin , P. J. , Bechtold , W. E. , Griffith , W. C. , Birnbaum , L. S. , Lucier , G. and Henderson , R. F. 1989 . Effect of exposure concentration, exposure rate and route of administration on metabolism of benzene by F344 rats and B6C3F, mice . Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. , 99 : 421 – 444 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sabourin , P. J. , Muggenburg , B. A. , Couch , R. C. , Lefler , D. , Lucier , G. , Birnbaum , L. S. and Henderson , R. F. 1992 . Metabolism of [14C]benzene by cynomolgus monkeys and chimpanzees . Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. , 114 : 277 – 284 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Singer , S. S. , Federspiel , M. J. , Green , J. , Lewis , W. G. , Martin , V. , Witt , K. R. and Tappel , J. 1982 . Enzymatic sulfation of steroids. XV. Studies differentiating between rats liver androgen, estrogen, bile acid, glucocorticoid and phenol sulfotransferases . Biochim. Biophys. Acta , 700 : 110 – 117 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tsutsumi , M. , Lasker , J. M. , Shimizu , M. , Rosman , A. S. and Lieber , C. S. 1989 . The intralobular distribution of ethanol‐inducible P450IIE1 in rat and human liver . Hepatology , 10 : 437 – 446 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Weitering , J. G. , Kriggsheld , K. R. and Mulder , G. J. 1979 . The availability of inorganic sulfate as a rate limiting factor in the sulfate conjugation of xenobiotics in the rat . Biochem. Pharmacol. , 28 : 757 – 762 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wheldrake , J. F. , Baudinette , R. V. and Hewitt , S. 1978 . The metabolism of phenol in the desert rodent Notomys alexis . Comp. Biochem. Physiol. , 61C : 103 – 107 .
   Google Scholar