Disposition and metabolism of acrylic acid in C3H mice and Fischer 344 rats after oral or cutaneous administration

References

• Andress , J. M. 1992 . “ The mouse. Toxicology ” . In Animal models in toxicology , Edited by: Gad , S. C. and Chengelis , C. P. 165 – 232 . New York : Marcel Dekker .
   Google Scholar
• Black , K. A. , Finch , L. and Frederick , C. B. 1993 . Metabolism of acrylic acid to carbon dioxide in mouse tissues . Fundam. Appl. Toxicol. , 21 : 97 – 104 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Caldwell , J. 1984 . Xenobiotic acyl‐coenzymes A: Critical intermediates in the biochemical pharmacology and toxicology of carboxylic acids . Biochem. Soc. Trans. , 12 : 9 – 11 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Campagnari , F. and Webster , L. T. 1963 . Purification and properties of acetyl coenzyme A synthetase from bovine heart mitochondria . J. Biol. Chem. , 238 : 1628 – 1633 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Carpenter , C. P. , Weil , C. S. and Smyth , H. F. 1974 . Range‐finding toxicity data: List VIII . Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. , 28 : 313 – 319 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cascieri , T. and Clary , J. 1993 . “ Acrylic acid health effects overview ” . In Health effects assessments of the basic acrylates , Edited by: Tyler , T. R. , Murphy , S. R. and Hunt , E. K. 9 – 31 . Boca Raton, Fla. : CRC Press .
   Google Scholar
• Cook , R. M. , Liu , S.‐C. C. and Quraishi , S. 1969 . Utilization of volatile fatty acids in ruminants. III. Comparison of mitochondrial acyl coenzyme A synthetase activity and substrate specificity in different tissues . Biochemistry , 8 : 2966 – 2969 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• deBethizy , J. D. , Udinsky , J. R. , Scribner , H. E. and Frederick , C. B. 1987 . The disposition and metabolism of acrylic acid and ethyl acrylate in male Sprague‐Dawley rats . Fundam. Appl. Toxicol. , 8 : 549 – 561 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Delp , M. D. , Manning , R. O. , Bruckner , J. V. and Armstrong , R. B. 1991 . Distribution of cardiac output during diurnal changes of activity in rats . Am. J. Physiol. , 261 : H1487 – H1493 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• DePass , L. R. , Fowler , E. H. , Meckley , D. R. and Weil , C. S. 1984 . Dermal oncogenicity bioassays of acrylic acid, ethyl acrylate, and butyl acrylate . J. Toxicol. Environ. Health , 14 : 115 – 120 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• D'Souza , R. W. and Francis , W. R. 1988 . Vehicle and pH effects on the dermal penetration of acrylic acid: In vitro‐in vivo correlations . Toxicologist , 8 : 209
   Google Scholar
• Fears , R. 1985 . Lipophilic xenobiotic conjugates: The pharmacological and toxicological consequences of the participation of drugs and other foreign compounds as substrates in lipid biosynthesis . Prog. Lipid Res. , 24 : 177 – 195 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Finch , L. and Frederick , C. B. 1992 . Rate and route of oxidation of acrylic acid to carbon dioxide in rat liver . Fundam. Appl. Toxicol. , 19 : 498 – 504 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Frantz , S. W. , Dittenber , D. A. , Eisenbrandt , D. L. and Watanabe , P. C. 1990 . Evaluation of a flow‐through in vitro skin penetration chamber method using acetone‐deposited organic solids . J. Toxicol. Cutaneous Ocul. Toxicol. , 9 : 277 – 299 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Frederick , C. B. and Reynolds , C. H. 1989 . Modeling the reactivity of acrylic acid and acrylate anion with biological nucleophiles . Toxicol. Lett. , 47 : 241 – 247 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Frederick , C. B. , Potter , D. W. , Chang‐Mateu , M. I. and Andersen , M. E. 1992 . A physiologically based pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic model to describe the oral dosing of rats with ethyl acrylate and its implications for risk assessment . Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. , 114 : 246 – 260 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ghanayem , B. I. , Maronpot , R. R. and Matthews , H. B. 1985 . Ethyl acrylate‐induced gastric toxicity. II. Structure‐toxicity relationships and mechanism . Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. , 80 : 336 – 344 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Hashimoto , K. and Aldridge , W. N. 1970 . Biochemical studies on acrylamide, a neurotoxic agent . Biochem. Pharmacol. , 19 : 2591 – 2604 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kutzman , R. S. , Meyer , G.‐J. and Wolf , A. P. 1982 . The biodistribution and metabolic fate of [11C]acrylic acid in the rat after acute inhalation exposure or stomach intubation . J. Toxicol. Environ. Health , 10 : 969 – 979 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McCarthy , K. L. , Thomas , W. C. , Aardema , M. J. , Seymour , J. L. , Putman , D. L. , Yang , L. L. , Curren , R. D. and Valencia , R. 1992 . Genetic toxicology of acrylic acid . Food Chem. Toxicol. , 30 : 505 – 515 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• McLaughlin , J. E. , Baldwin , R. C. and Smith , J. M. 1993 . “ Ethyl acrylate health effects overview ” . In Health effects assessments of the basic acrylates , Edited by: Tyler , T. R. , Murphy , S. R. and Hunt , E. K. 53 – 81 . Boca Raton, Fla. : CRC Press .
   Google Scholar
• Miller , R. R. , Ayres , J. A. , Jersey , G. C. and McKenna , M. J. 1981a . Inhalation toxicity of acrylic acid . Fundam. Appl. Toxicol. , 1 : 271 – 277 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Miller , R. R. , Ayres , J. A. , Rampy , L. W. and McKenna , M. J. 1981b . Metabolism of acrylate esters in rat tissue homogenates . Fundam. Appl. Toxicol. , 1 : 410 – 414 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Murphy , S. R. and Davies , J. H. 1993a . “ Butyl acrylate health effects overview ” . In Health effects assessments of the basic acrylates , Edited by: Tyler , T. R. , Murphy , S. R. and Hunt , E. K. 83 – 100 . Boca Raton, Fla. : CRC Press .
   Google Scholar
• Murphy , S. R. and Davies , J. H. 1993b . “ Methyl acrylate health effects overview ” . In Health effects assessments of the basic acrylates , Edited by: Tyler , T. R. , Murphy , S. R. and Hunt , E. K. 33 – 52 . Boca Raton, Fla. : CRC Press .
   Google Scholar
• National Library of Medicine . 1994 . “ Toxic Release Inventory for reporting year 1992 ” . In TOXNET [Electronic Database] , Bethesda, Md. : National Library of Medicine .
   Google Scholar
• Patrick , D. R. 1994 . “ Toxic air pollutants and their sources ” . In Toxic air pollution handbook , Edited by: Patrick , D. R. 33 – 49 . New York : Van Nostrand Reinhold .
   Google Scholar
• Semler , D. E. 1992 . “ The rat. Toxicology ” . In Animal models in toxicology , Edited by: Gad , S. C. and Chengelis , C. P. 21 – 76 . New York : Marcel Dekker .
   Google Scholar
• Tegeris , A. S. , Balmer , M. F. , Garner , F. M. , Thomas , W. C. , Murphy , S. R. , McLaughlin , J. E. and Seymour , J. L. 1988 . A 13‐week skin irritation study with acrylic acid in 3 strains of mice . Toxicologist , 8 : 127
   Google Scholar
• Tyler , T. R. 1993 . “ 2‐Ethylhexyl acrylate health effects overview ” . In Health effects assessments of the basic acrylates , Edited by: Tyler , T. R. , Murphy , S. R. and Hunt , E. K. 101 – 117 . Boca Raton, Fla. : CRC Press .
   Google Scholar
• Udinsky , J. R. and Frederick , C. B. 1990 . Analysis of ethyl acrylate (EA) and acrylic acid (AA) residues from rat tissues following oral EA dosing . Toxicologist , 10 : 240
   Google Scholar
• Winter , S. M. and Sipes , I. G. 1993 . The disposition of acrylic acid in the male Sprague‐Dawley rat following oral or topical administration . Food. Chem. Toxicol. , 31 : 615 – 621 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Winter , S. M. , Weber , C. L. , Cooley , P. R. , MacKenzie , N. E. and Sipes , I. G. 1992 . Identification and comparison of the urinary metabolites of [1,2,3‐13C3]acrylic acid and [1,2,3‐13C3]propionic acid in the rat by homonuclear 13C nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy . Drug Metab. Dispos. , 20 : 665 – 672 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar