Appearance or reality? Political parody on the web in campaign ‘96

References

• Bellah , R. N. , Madsen , R. , Sullivan , W. M. , Swidler , A. and Tipton , S. M. 1996 . Habits of the heart: Individualism and commitment in American life , Rev. ed. , Berkeley : University of California .
   Google Scholar
• Beske , L. 1996 . Which Bill Clinton Are You Voting For? . [URL: http://www.ns.net/∼alcantu/which.htm] (15 July 1996).
   Google Scholar
• Besser , H. 1995 . “ From Internet to information superhighway ” . In Resisting the virtual life: The culture and politics of information , Edited by: Brook , J. and Boal , I. A. 59 – 83 . San Francisco : City Lights .
   Google Scholar
• Bill Clinton 1996: In Epturum et Omnistasis. (1996)] (18 July 1996). [URL: http://www.clinton96.org (http://www.clinton96.org)
   Google Scholar
• Black , T. 1996 . Clinton Yes! Bob Dole's Non‐Solutions to his Gender‐Gap Problems. . [URL: http://www.av.qnet.com] (12 May 1996)
   Google Scholar
• Bob Dole for President: The Ripe Man for the Job. (1996). (15 July 1996) [URL: http://www.dole96.org/dole96.html (http://www.dole96.org/dole96.html)
   Google Scholar
• Bonchek , M. S. 1996 . From Broadcast to netcast: The Internet and the flow of political information , Cambridge, MA : Harvard University . [On‐line]. Doctoral dissertation, [URL: www.ai.mit.edu/people/msb/frame.html] (26 June 1997).
   Google Scholar
• Clinton Body Count. (1996). ] (15 July 1996). [URL: http://www.usit.net/public/jmeyer/body.html (http://www.usit.net/public/jmeyer/body.html)
   Google Scholar
• Clinton No! Clinton and the Liberals. (1996). ] (15 July 1996) [URL: http://www.ns.net/∼alcantu/billbob.htm (http://www.ns.net/∼alcantu/billbob.htm)
   Google Scholar
• Crossover Technologies . 1996 . Campaign96 . [URL: http://www.pres96.com/gamel/gardiner.html] (2 Sept. 1996)
   Google Scholar
• December , J. 1996 . Units of analysis for Internet communication . Journal of Computer‐Mediated Communication , 1 (4) March [On‐line serial], [URL: http://207.161.120/jcmc/vol1/issue4/december.html] (7 Jul. 1997)
   Google Scholar
• Democrats Online . 1996 . A Community of American Voices. . [URL: http://www.democrats.com] (4 Sept. 1996)
   Google Scholar
• Derrida , J. 1976 . Of grammatology , Edited by: Spivak , G. C. Baltimore : Johns Hopkins University . (Original work published 1967)
   Google Scholar
• Derrida , J. 1981 . Positions , Edited by: Bass , A. Chicago : University of Chicago . (Original work published 1972)
   Google Scholar
• Dole/Kemp96 . 1996 . Where Bob Dole Stands on Values . [URL: http://www.dole96.com/agenda/issues/values/stand.html] (4 Sept. 1996)
   Google Scholar
• Dole Watch. (1996). (4 Sept. 1996). [URL: http://users.aol.com/dolewatchl/private/page1.htm (http://users.aol.com/dolewatchl/private/page1.htm)
   Google Scholar
• Dowe , T. 1977 . News you can abuse . Wired , 5 January : 53 55 – 56 . 184 – 185 .
   Google Scholar
• Drole for President . 1996 . Welcome ... Bob Drole for President. . [URL: http://members.aol.com/dynamohum/main.htm] (18 July 1996)
   Google Scholar
• Eddie96. (1996). ] (4 Sept. 1996). [URL: http://www.eddie96.com/page2.html (http://www.eddie96.com/page2.html)
   Google Scholar
• Feinsilber , M. 1996 . The latest news: More choose not to watch it . Seattle Post‐Intelligencer , May 13 : A3
   Google Scholar
• Friedman , T. 1995 . “ Making sense of software: Computer games and interactive textuality ” . In Cybersociety: Computer‐mediated communication and community , Edited by: Jones , S. 73 – 89 . Thousand Oaks, CA : Sage .
   Google Scholar
• Giles , D. 1996 . GOP Infighting Contest , [URL: http://www.webcom.com/∼albany/update/update/122.html] (4 Sept. 1996)
   Google Scholar
• Gleick, J. (1995). [email protected]. (4 Sept. 1996). [URL: http://www.around.com/dirtytricks/html (http://www.around.com/dirtytricks/html)
   Google Scholar
• Graphic, Visualization, & Usability Center . 1996 . GVU's 6th WWW User Survey , Atlanta, GA : College of Computing, Georgia Institute of Technology . [On‐line]. [Producer and Distributor]. [URL: http://www.gvu.gatech.edu/user_surveys/survey‐10–1996/] (3 July 1997)
   Google Scholar
• Guernsey , L. 1996 . The electronic soapbox . Chronicle of Higher Education , May 3 : A29 A32 A33
   Google Scholar
• Heilemann , J. 1996 . Reality checklist . Wired , 4 December : 53 – 56 . 280
   Google Scholar
• Internet Archive (1996). [URL: http://www.archive.org/webarchive96.html (http://www.archive.org/webarchive96.html)
   Google Scholar
• Jameson , F. 1984 . Postmodernism, or the cultural logic of late capitalism . New Left Review , 146 : 53 – 92 .
   Google Scholar
• Jamieson , K. H. 1992 . Dirty Politics: Deception, Distraction, and Democracy , New York : Oxford University . (4 Sept. 1996)
   Google Scholar
• Jones , S. 1995 . “ Understanding community in the information age ” . In Cybersociety: Computer‐mediated communication and community , Edited by: Jones , S. 10 – 35 . Thousand Oaks, CA : Sage .
   Google Scholar
• Kantor , A. and Neubarth , M. 1996 . Off the charts . Internet World , 7 December : 45 – 51 .
   Google Scholar
• Katz , J. 1995a . Guilty . Wired , 3 September : 128 – 133 . 188
   Google Scholar
• Katz , J. 1995b . Return of the Luddites . Wired , 3 June : 162 – 165 . 210
   Google Scholar
• Kinney , J. 1995 . Anarcho‐emergentist Republicans . Wired , 3 September : 90 92 94 – 95 .
   Google Scholar
• Lakoff , G. 1995 . “ Body, brain, and communication ” . In Resisting the virtual life: The culture and politics of information , Edited by: Brook , J. and Boal , I. A. 115 – 129 . San Francisco : City Lights .
   Google Scholar
• Landow , G. P. 1994 . “ What's a critic to do?: Critical theory in the age of hypertext ” . In Hyper/text/theory , Edited by: Landow , G. P. 1 – 48 . Baltimore : Johns Hopkins University .
   Google Scholar
• Lanham , R. A. 1993 . The electronic word: Democracy, technology, and the arts , Chicago : University of Chicago .
   Google Scholar
• Mantovani , G. 1996 . New communication environments: From everyday to virtual , London : Taylor & Francis .
   Google Scholar
• Microsoft/National Broadcasting Company/Byron Preiss Multimedia . 1996 . Dark Horse: The Virtual Campaign Game. . [URL: http://www.darkhorse.msnbc.com] (8 Oct. 1996)
   Google Scholar
• Official Dirt on Bob Dole Page. (1996). ] (5 May 1996). [URL: http://www.ctyme.com/dole.htm (http://www.ctyme.com/dole.htm)
   Google Scholar
• Paulson , M. 1996 . Poll shows voters cynical‐but interested . Seattle Post‐Intelligencer , October 30 : A10
   Google Scholar
• Paxton , D. D. 1996 . TheParties , [URL: http://www.ais.org/∼paxton/parties.html] (18 May 1996)
   Google Scholar
• Perkel , M. 1996 . Republicans for Bill Clinton , [URL: http://www.ctyme.com/clinton/repub.htm] (18 July 1996)
   Google Scholar
• Platform of the Pansexual Peace Party. (1996). ] (18 May 1996) [URL: lkd:http://www.ais.org/∼paxton/parties.html (lkd:http://www.ais.org/∼paxton/parties.html)
   Google Scholar
• Poster , M. 1990 . The mode of information: Poststructuralism and social context , Chicago : University of Chicago .
   Google Scholar
• Rash , W. Jr. 1997 . Politics on the Nets: Wiring the political process , New York : W. H. Freeman .
   Google Scholar
• Raspberry Hill Publishing . 1996 . Political Market , [URL: http://www.raspberryhill.com/politics.html] (4 Sept. 1996)
   Google Scholar
• 1996a . Real People for Real Change . About Real People for Real Change , [URL: http://www.realchange.org/rpfrc.htm] (15 July 1996)
   Google Scholar
• 1996b . Real People for Real Change . Bill Clinton's Skeleton Closet , [URL: http://www.realchange.org/clinton/htm] (4 Sept. 1996)
   Google Scholar
• 1996c . Real People for Real Change . Bob Dole's Skeleton Closet , [URL: http://www.realchange.org/dole.htmøp (4 Sept. 1996)
   Google Scholar
• 1996d . Real People for Real Change . Why Are We Doing This , (Skeleton Closet)? [URL: http://www.realchange.org/why.htm] (15 July 1996)
   Google Scholar
• Republican National Committee . 1995 . Clinton's Trail of Broken Promises , [URL: http://www/mc.org/news/case/chap1.htm] (5 May 1996)
   Google Scholar
• Sen. Robert Dole: The Two Faces of a Presidential Candidate. (1995). ] (4 Sept. 1996). [URL: http://www.seas.upenn.edu/∼lapple/nscape/two.faces.of.dole.html (http://www.seas.upenn.edu/∼lapple/nscape/two.faces.of.dole.html)
   Google Scholar
• Simmons , J. 1995 . “ Sade and cyberspace ” . In Resisting the virtual life: The culture and politics of information , Edited by: Brook , J. and Boal , I. A. 145 – 159 . San Francisco : City Lights .
   Google Scholar
• Smith , C. B. 1997 . Casting the Net: Surveying an Internet population . Journal of Computer‐Mediated Communication , 3 (1) June [On‐line serial] [URL: http://207.201.120/jcmc/vol3/issuel/smith.html] (3 July 1997)
   Google Scholar
• Stefik , M. 1996 . Internet dreams: Archetypes, myths, and metaphors , Cambridge, MA : MIT .
   Google Scholar
• Stone , A. R. 1995 . The war of desire and technology at the close of the mechanical age , Cambridge, MA : MIT .
   Google Scholar
• Stone , B. 1996 . Politics ‘96 . Internet World , 7 November : 44 – 50 .
   Google Scholar
• 1996 . Top media advisers to Dole resign . Seattle Post Intelligencer , September 6 : A1 A12
   Google Scholar
• Turkle , S. 1995 . Life on the screen: Identity in the age of the Internet , New York : Simon & Schuster .
   Google Scholar
• Ubois , J. 1996 . Political smarts . Internet World , 7 November : 53 – 54 . 56 58 60 62
   Google Scholar
• Vankin , J. and Whalen , J. 1996 . How a quack becomes a canard . New York Times Magazine , November 17 : 56 – 57 .
   Google Scholar
• Venditto , G. 1997 . Politics ‘96 . Internet World , 8 January : 83 – 84 . 86 88 90 92 – 94 . 96
   Google Scholar
• Warren , J. 1996 . Don't expect kiss or a handshake from this politico . Seattle Times , October 19 : A1 A12
   Google Scholar