Genetic influences on level and stability of self-esteem

References

• Abernathy , T. J. , Massad , L. and Romano-Dwyer , L. 1995 . The relationship between smoking and self-esteem . Adolescence , 30 : 899 – 907 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Barnett , P. A. and Gotlib , I. H. 1988 . Psychological functioning and depression: Distinguishing among antecedents, concomitants, and consequences . Psychological Bulletin , 104 : 97 – 126 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Baumeister , R. F. , Campbell , J. D. , Krueger , J. I. and Vohs , K. D. 2003 . Does high self-esteem cause better performance, interpersonal success, happiness, or healthier lifestyles? . Psychological Science in the Public Interest , 4 : 1 – 44 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bednar , R. L. , Wells , M. G. and Peterson , S. R. 1989 . Self-esteem: Paradoxes and innovations in clinical theory and practice , Washington, DC : American Psychological Association .
   Google Scholar
• Berntson , G. G. and Cacioppo , J. T. 2000 . Psychobiology and social psychology: Past, present, and future . Personality and Social Psychology Review , 4 : 3 – 15 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brown , J. D. and Marshall , M. A. 2001 . Self-esteem and emotion: Some thoughts about feelings . Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin , 27 : 575 – 584 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Butler , A. C. , Hokanson , J. E. and Flynn , H. A. 1994 . A comparison of self-esteem lability and low trait self-esteem as vulnerability factors for depression . Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , 66 : 166 – 177 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bynum , M. K. and Durm , M. W. 1996 . Children of divorce and its effect on their self-esteem . Psychological Reports , 79 : 447 – 450 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Campbell , J. D. 1990 . Self-esteem and clarity of the self-concept . Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , 59 : 538 – 549 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Campbell , J. D. , Trapnell , P. D. , Heine , S. J. , Katz , I. M. , Lavallee , L. F. and Lehman , D. R. 1996 . Self-concept clarity: Measurement, personality correlates, and cultural boundaries . Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , 70 : 141 – 156 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Crocker , J. and Park , L. E. 2004 . The costly pursuit of self-esteem . Psychological Bulletin , 130 : 392 – 414 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Crocker , J. and Wolfe , C. T. 2001 . Contingencies of self-worth . Psychological Review , 108 : 593 – 623 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• De Cremer , D. and Sedikides , C. 2005 . Self-uncertainty and responsiveness to procedural information . Journal of Experimental Social Psychology , 41 : 157 – 173 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• DeNeve , K. and Cooper , H. 1998 . The happy personality: A meta-analysis of 137 personality traits and subjective well-being . Psychological Bulletin , 124 : 197 – 229 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Di Paula , A. and Campbell , J. D. 2002 . Self-esteem and persistence in the face of failure . Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , 83 : 711 – 724 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Diener , E. and Diener , M. 1995 . Cross-cultural correlates of life satisfaction and self-esteem . Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , 68 : 653 – 663 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dykman , B. J. 1998 . Integrating cognitive and motivational factors in depression: Initial tests of a goal-orientation approach . Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , 74 : 139 – 158 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Eder , R. A. and Mangelsdorf , S. C. 1997 . “ The emotional basis of early personality development: Implications for the emergent self-concept ” . In Handbook of personality psychology , Edited by: Hogan , R. , Johnson , J. and Briggs , S. 209 – 240 . San Diego, CA : Academic Press .
   Google Scholar
• Eley , T. C. , Lichtenstein , P. and Stevenson , J. 1999 . Sex differences in the etiology of aggressive and non-aggressive antisocial behaviour: Results from two twin studies . Child Development , 70 : 155 – 168 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gable , S. L. and Nezlek , J. B. 1998 . Level and instability of day-to-day psychological well-being and risk for depression . Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , 74 : 129 – 138 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Greenberg , J. , Solomon , S. , Pyszczynski , T. , Rosenblatt , A. , Burling , J. Lyon , D. 1992 . Why do people need self-esteem? Converging evidence that self-esteem serves an anxiety-buffering function . Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , 63 : 913 – 922 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hills , P. and Argyle , M. 2001 . Emotional stability as a major dimension of happiness . Personality and Individual Differences , 31 : 1357 – 1364 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hokanson , J. E. , Rubert , M. P. , Welker , R. A. , Hollander , G. R. and Hedeen , C. 1989 . Interpersonal concomitants and antecedents of depression among college students . Journal of Abnormal Psychology , 98 : 209 – 217 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hu , L. and Bentler , P. M. 1999 . Cutoff criteria for fit indexes in covariance structure analysis: Conventional criteria versus new alternatives . Structural Equation Modeling , 6 : 1 – 55 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jang , K. L. , Livesley , W. J. and Vernon , P. A. 1996 . Heritability of the Big Five personality dimensions and their facets: A twin study . Journal of Personality , 64 : 577 – 591 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jones , W. H. , Freemon , J. E. and Goswick , R. A. 1981 . The persistence of loneliness: Self and other determinants . Journal of Personality , 49 : 27 – 48 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Judge , T. A. , Erez , A. , Bono , J. E. and Thoresen , C. J. 2002 . Are measures of self-esteem, neuroticism, locus of control, and generalized self-efficacy indicators of a common core construct? . Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , 83 : 693 – 710 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kendler , K. S. , Gardner , C. O. and Prescott , C. A. 1998 . A population-based twin study of self-esteem and gender . Psychological Medicine , 28 : 1403 – 1409 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kernis , M. H. , Brown , A. C. and Brody , G. H. 2000 . Fragile self-esteem in children and its associations with perceived patterns of parent – child communication . Journal of Personality , 68 : 225 – 252 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kernis , M. H. , Grannemann , B. D. and Barclay , L. C. 1989 . Stability and level of self-esteem as predictors of anger arousal and hostility . Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , 56 : 1013 – 1022 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kernis , M. H. , Grannemann , B. D. and Barclay , L. C. 1992 . Stability of self-esteem: Assessment, correlates, and excuse making . Journal of Personality , 60 : 621 – 644 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kernis , M. H. , Paradise , A. W. , Whitaker , D. J. , Wheatman , S. R. and Goldman , B. N. 2000 . Master of one's psychological domain? Not likely if one's self-esteem is unstable . Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin , 26 : 1297 – 1305 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kernis , M. H. and Waschull , S. B. 1995 . “ The interactive roles of stability and level of self-esteem: Research and theory ” . In Advances in experimental social psychology , Edited by: Zanna , M. P. Vol. 27 , 93 – 141 . San Diego, CA : Academic Press .
   Google Scholar
• Kernis , M. H. , Whisenhunt , C. R. , Waschull , S. B. , Greenier , K. D. , Berry , A. J. Herlocker , C. E. 1998 . Multiple facets of self-esteem and their relations to depressive symptoms . Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin , 24 : 657 – 668 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Klein , S. B. , Rozendal , K. and Cosmides , L. 2002 . A social-cognitive neuroscience analysis of the self . Social Cognition , 20 : 105 – 135 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lamborn , S. D. , Mounts , N. S. , Steinberg , L. and Dornbusch , S. M. 1991 . Patterns of competence and adjustment among adolescents from authoritative, authoritarian, indulgent, and neglectful families . Child Development , 62 : 1049 – 1065 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Leary , M. R. and Baumeister , R. F. 2000 . “ The nature and functions of self-esteem: Sociometer theory ” . In Advances in experimental social psychology , Edited by: Zanna , M. P. Vol. 32 , 1 – 62 . New York : Academic Press .
   Google Scholar
• Lewinsohn , P. M. , Steinmetz , J. L. , Larson , D. W. and Franklin , J. 1981 . Depression-related cognitions: Antecedent or consequence? . Journal of Abnormal Psychology , 90 : 213 – 219 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Loehlin , J. C. , McCrae , R. R. , Costa , P. T. Jr. and John , O. P. 1998 . Heritabilities of common and measure-specific components of the Big Five personality factors . Journal of Research in Personality , 32 : 431 – 453 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Maas , C. J. M. and Hox , J. J. 2004 . The influence of violations of assumptions on multilevel parameter estimates and their standard errors . Computational Statistics and Data Analysis , 46 : 427 – 440 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McCormick , C. B. and Kennedy , J. H. 2000 . Father – child separation, retrospective and current views of attachment relationship with father, and self-esteem in late adolescence . Psychological Reports , 86 : 827 – 834 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McFarlin , D. B. , Baumeister , R. F. and Blascovich , J. 1984 . On knowing when to quit: Task failure, self-esteem, advice, and nonproductive persistence . Journal of Personality , 52 : 138 – 155 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McGue , M. , Sharma , A. and Benson , P. 1996 . The effect of common rearing on adolescent adjustment: Evidence from a US adoption cohort . Developmental Psychology , 32 : 604 – 613 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McGuire , S. , Manke , B. , Saudino , K. J. , Reiss , D. , Hetherington , M. E. and Plomin , R. 1999 . Perceived competence and self-worth during adolescence: A longitudinal behavioral genetic study . Child Development , 70 : 1283 – 1296 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mecca , A. M. , Smelser , N. J. and Vasconcellos , J. 1989 . The social importance of self-esteem , Berkeley, CA : University of California Press .
   Google Scholar
• Meehl , P. E. 1990 . Why summaries of research on psychological theories are often uninterpretable . Psychological Reports , 66 : 195 – 244 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• National Association for Self-Esteem . 2000 . Masters coalition—a work in progress Retrieved 4 July 2003 from: http://www.self-esteem-nase.org/masters.shtml
   Google Scholar
• Neale , M. C. 2002 . Windows Mx GUI (Version 1.52a). [Computer software] Retrieved from http://www.vcu.edu/mx/executables.html
   Google Scholar
• Neale , M. C. and Cardon , L. 1992 . Methodology for genetic studies of twins and families , Norwell, MA : Kluwer .
   Google Scholar
• Neiderhiser , J. M. and McGuire , S. 1994 . “ Competence during middle childhood ” . In Nature and nurture during middle childhood , Edited by: DeFries , J. C. , Plomin , R. and Fulker , D. W. 141 – 151 . Malden, MA : Blackwell .
   Google Scholar
• Neiss , M. B. , Sedikides , C. and Stevenson , J. 2002 . Self-esteem: A behavioural genetics perspective . European Journal of Personality , 16 : 1 – 17 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Neiss , M. B. , Stevenson , J. , Sedikides , C. , Kumashiro , M. , Finkel , E. J. and Rusbult , C. E. 2005 . Executive self, self-esteem, and negative affectivity: Relations at the phenotypic and genotypic level . Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , 89 : 593 – 606 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Oleson , K. C. , Poehlmann , K. M. , Yost , J. H. , Lynch , M. E. and Arkin , R. M. 2000 . Subjective overachievement: Individual differences in self-doubt and concern with performance . Journal of Personality , 68 : 491 – 524 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Plomin , R. , Defries , J. C. , Craig , I. W. and McGuffin , P. 2003 . Behavioral genetics in the postgenomic era , Washington, DC : APA Books .
   Google Scholar
• Plomin , R. , DeFries , J. C. , McClearn , G. E. and McGuffin , P. 2001 . Behavioral genetics , (4th ed.) , New York : Worth Publishers .
   Google Scholar
• Plomin , R. , Manke , B. and Pike , A. 1996 . “ Siblings, behavioral genetics, and competence ” . In Sibling relationships: Their causes and consequences , Edited by: Brody , G. H. 75 – 104 . Stamford, CT : Ablex .
   Google Scholar
• Pyszczynski , T. , Greenberg , J. , Solomon , S. , Arndt , J. and Schimel , J. 2004 . Why do people need self-esteem? A theoretical and empirical review . Psychological Bulletin , 130 : 435 – 468 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Roberts , J. E. , Kassel , J. D. and Gotlib , I. H. 1995 . Level and stability of self-esteem as predictors of depressive symptoms . Personality and Individual Differences , 19 : 217 – 224 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Roberts , S. B. and Kendler , K. S. 1999 . Neuroticism and self-esteem as indices of the vulnerability to major depression in women . Psychological Medicine , 29 : 1101 – 1109 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Roberts , J. E. and Monroe , S. M. 1992 . Vulnerable self-esteem and depressive symptoms: Prospective findings comparing three alternative conceptualizations . Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , 62 : 804 – 812 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rosenberg , M. 1965 . Society and the adolescent self-image , Princeton, NJ : Princeton University Press .
   Google Scholar
• Roy , M. , Neale , M. C. and Kendler , K. S. 1995 . The genetic epidemiology of self-esteem . British Journal of Psychiatry , 166 : 813 – 820 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sedikides , C. and Gregg , A. P. 2003 . “ Portraits of the self ” . In Sage handbook of social psychology , Edited by: Hogg , M. A. and Cooper , J. 110 – 138 . London : Sage Publications .
   Google Scholar
• Sedikides , C. , Rudich , E. A. , Gregg , A. P. , Kumashiro , M. and Rusbult , C. 2004 . Are normal narcissists psychologically healthy? Self-esteem matters . Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , 87 : 400 – 416 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tennen , H. and Herzberger , S. 1987 . Depression, self-esteem, and the absence of self-protective attributional biases . Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , 52 : 72 – 80 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Twenge , J. M. and Campbell , W. K. 2001 . Age and birth cohort differences in self-esteem: A cross-temporal meta-analysis . Personality and Social Psychology Review , 5 : 321 – 344 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vohs , K. D. , Bardone , A. M. , Joiner , T. E. , Abramson , L. Y. and Heatherton , T. F. 1999 . Perfectionism, perceived weight status, and self-esteem interact to predict bulimic symptoms: A model of bulimic symptom development . Journal of Abnormal Psychology , 108 : 695 – 700 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Waschull , S. B. and Kernis , M. H. 1996 . Level and stability of self-esteem as predictors of children's intrinsic motivation and reasons for anger . Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin , 22 : 4 – 13 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Watson , D. , Suls , J. and Haig , J. 2002 . Global self-esteem in relation to structural models of personality and affectivity . Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , 83 : 185 – 197 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar