Acculturative Stress and Depressive Symptoms Among Korean Immigrant Elders Residing in Non-Korean Ethnic Enclaves

References

• Administration on Aging. (2010). A profile of older Americans: 2011. Retrieved from http://www.aoa.gov/Aging_Statistics/Profile/2011/docs/2011profile.pdf
   Google Scholar
• Aldwin, C. M. (2007). Stress, coping and development: An integrative perspective. New York, NY: Guilford Press.
   Google Scholar
• Barnes, J. S., & Bennett, C. E. (2002). The Asian population: 2000. Census 2000 Brief. Retrieved from http://www.census.gov/prod/2002pubs/c2kbr01-16.pdf
   Google Scholar
• Brislin, R. W. (1970). Back-translation for cross-cultural research. Journal of Cross-cultural Psychology, 1(3), 185–216. doi:10.1177/135910457000100301
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brugha, T. S., & Cragg, D. (1990). The list of threatening experiences: The reliability and validity of a brief Life Events Questionnaire. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica, 82, 77–81. doi:10.1111/acp.1990.82.issue-1
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Casado, B. L., Hong, M., & Harrington, D. (2010). Measuring migratory grief and loss associated with the experience of immigration. Research on Social Work Practice, 20(6), 611–620. doi:10.1177/1049731509360840
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Casado, B. L., & Leung, P. (2002). Migratory grief and depression among elderly Chinese American immigrants. Journal of Gerontological Social Work, 36(1–2), 5–26. doi:10.1300/J083v36n01_02
   Google Scholar
• Chung, I. (2005). The sociocultural reality of the Asian immigrant elderly. Journal of Gerontological Social Work, 44(1–2), 81–93. doi:10.1300/J083v44n01_05
   Google Scholar
• Diwan, S. (2008). Limited English proficiency, social network characteristics, and depressive symptoms among older immigrants. The Journals of Gerontology Series B: Psychological Sciences and Social Sciences, 63(3), S184–S191. doi:10.1093/geronb/63.3.S184
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Diwan, S., Jonnalagadda, S. S., & Balaswamy, S. (2004). Resources predicting positive and negative affect during the experience of stress: A study of older Asian Indian immigrants in the United States. The Gerontologist, 44(5), 605–614. doi:10.1093/geront/44.5.605
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ensel, W. M., & Lin, N. (1991). The life stress paradigm and psychological distress. Journal of Health and Social Behavior, 32(4), 321–341. doi:10.2307/2137101
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fischer, J., & Corcoran, K. (2007). Measures for clinical practice and research: A sourcebook (vol. 2, 4th ed.). Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Han, H. R., Kim, M., Lee, H. B., Pistulka, G., & Kim, K. B. (2007). Correlates of depression in the Korean American elderly: Focusing on personal resources of social support. Journal of Cross-Cultural Gerontology, 22, 115–127. doi:10.1007/s10823-006-9022-2
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Hovey, J. D. (2000). Acculturative stress, depression, and suicidal ideation in Mexican immigrants. Cultural Diversity and Ethnic Minority Psychology, 6(2), 134–151. doi:0.1037//1099-9809,6.2.134
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Hu, L., & Bentler, P. M. (1999). Cutoff criteria for fit indexes in covariance structure analysis: Conventional criteria versus new alternatives. Structural Equation Modeling: A Multidisciplinary Journal, 6, 1–55. doi:10.1080/10705519909540118
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hurh, W. M., & Kim, K. C. (1984). Adhesive sociocultural adaptation of Korean immigrants in the U.S.: An alternative strategy of minority adaptation. International Migration Review, 18(2), 188–216. doi:10.2307/2545947
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jang, Y., & Chiriboga, D. A. (2010). Living in a different world: Acculturative stress among Korean American elders. Journal of Gerontology: Psychological Sciences, 65B(1), 14–21. doi:10.1093/geronb/gbp019
   Google Scholar
• Jang, Y., Kim, G., & Chiriboga, D. (2005a). Acculturation and manifestation of depressive symptoms among Korean-American older adults. Aging and Mental Health, 9(6), 500–507. doi:10.1080/13607860500193021
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jang, Y., Kim, G., & Chiriboga, D. A. (2005b). Health, healthcare utilization, and satisfaction with service: Barriers and facilitators for older Korean Americans. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, 53(9), 1613–1617. doi:10.1111/j.1532-5415.2005.53518.x
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jang, Y., Small, B. J., & Haley, W. E. (2001). Cross-cultural comparability of the Geriatric Depression Scale: Comparison between older Koreans and older Americans. Aging and Mental Health, 5(1), 31–37. doi:10.1080/13607860020020618
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kang, S. Y., Domanski, M. D., & Moon, S. S. (2009). Ethnic enclave resources and predictors of depression among Arizona’s Korean immigrant elders. Journal of Gerontological Social Work, 52, 489–502. doi:10.1080/01634370902983153
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Kim, W., & Chen, Y. (2011). The social determinants of depression in elderly Korean immigrants in Canada: Does acculturation matter? International Journal of Aging and Human Development, 73(4), 283–298. doi:10.2190/AG.73.4.a
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kline, R. B. (2005). Principles and practice of structural equation modeling (2nd ed.). New York, NY: Guilford.
   Google Scholar
• Lai, D. L. (2004). Impact of culture on depressive symptoms of elderly Chinese immigrants. Canadian Journal of Psychiatry, 49(12), 820–827.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lawton, M. P., & Brody, E. M. (1969). Assessment of older people: Self-maintaining and instrumental activities of daily living. The Gerontologist, 9(3), 179–186. doi:10.1093/geront/9.3_Part_1.179
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lazarus, R. S., & Folkman, S. (1984). Stress, appraisal, and coping. New York, NY: Springer Publishing Company.
   Google Scholar
• Leach, M. A. (2009). America’s older immigrants: A profile. Generations, 32(4), 34–39.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lee, K. H., & Yoon, D. P. (2011). Factors influencing the general well-being of low-income Korean immigrant elders. Social Work, 56(3), 269–279. doi:10.1093/sw/56.3.269
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lee, Y., & Holm, K. (2012). Stressors related to depression among elderly Korean immigrants. Issues in Mental Health Nursing, 33(1), 52–58. doi:10.3109/01612840.2011.618965
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Mui, A. C., Kang, S. Y., Kang, D., & Domanski, M. D. (2007). English language proficiency and health-related quality of life among Chinese and Korean immigrant elders. Health and Social Work, 32(2), 119–127. doi:10.1093/hsw/32.2.119
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mui, A. C., & Shibusawa, T. (2008). Asian American elders in the twenty-first century: Key indicators of well-being. New York, NY: Columbia University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Nguyen, P. V., Leung, P., & Cheung, M. (2011). Bridging help-seeking options to Vietnamese Americans with parent-child conflict and depressive symptoms. Children and Youth Services Review, 33, 1842–1846. doi:10.1016/j.childyouth.2011.05.009
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Noh, S., & Avison, W. R. (1996). Asian immigrants and the stress process: A study of Koreans in Canada. Journal of Health and Social Behavior, 37(2), 192–206. doi:10.2307/2137273
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Noh, S., & Kaspar, V. (2003). Perceived discrimination and depression: Moderating effects of coping, acculturation, and ethnic support. American Journal of Public Health, 93(2), 232–238. doi:10.2105/AJPH.93.2.232
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Oh, Y., Koeske, G. F., & Sales, E. (2002). Acculturation, stress, and depressive symptoms among Korean Immigrants in the United States. The Journal of Social Psychology, 142(4), 511–526. doi:10.1080/00224540209603915
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Park, H.-S., & Rubin, A. (2012). The mediating role of acculturative stress in the relationship between acculturation level and depression among Korean immigrants in the U.S. International Journal of Intercultural Relations, 36, 611–623. doi:10.1016/j.ijintrel.2012.04.008
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schermelleh-Engel, K., Moosbrugger, H., & Muller, H. (2003). Evaluating the fit of structural equation models: Test of significance and descriptive goodness-of-fit measures. Methods of Psychological Research Online, 8(2), 23–74.
   Google Scholar
• Sheikh, J. I., & Yesavage, J. A. (1986). Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS): Recent evidence and development of a shorter version. Clinical Gerontologist, 5(1–2), 165–173. doi:10.1300/J018v05n01_09
   Google Scholar
• Shin, H. S., Han, H.-R., & Kim, M. T. (2007). Predictors of psychological well-being amongst Korean immigrants to the United States: A structured interview survey. International Journal of Nursing Studies, 44, 415–426. doi:10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2006.04.007
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Suinn, R. M., Rickard-Figueroa, K., Lew, S., & Vigil, P. (1987). The Suinn-Lew Asian self-identity acculturation scale: An initial report. Educational and Psychological Measurement, 47(2), 401–407. doi:10.1177/0013164487472012
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Takeuchi, D. T., Zane, N., Hong, S., Chae, D. H., Gong, F., Gee, G. C.,… Alegría, M. (2007). Immigration-related factors and mental disorders among Asian Americans. American Journal of Public Health, 97(1), 84–90. doi:10.2105/AJPH.2006.088401
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Terrazas, A., & Batog, C. (2010). Korean immigrants in the United States. Migration Policy Institute. Retrieved from http://www.migrationinformation.org/USfocus/display.cfm?id=793
   Google Scholar
• Treas, J., & Mazumdar, S. (2002). Older people in America’s immigrant families dilemmas of dependence, integration, and isolation. Journal of Aging Studies, 16(3), 243–258. doi:10.1016/S0890-4065(02)00048-8
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• U.S. Census Bureau. (2010). 2010 census summary file 1. Retrieved from http://factfinder2.census.gov/faces/tableservices/jsf/pages/productview.xhtml?pid=DEC_10_SF1_P34I&prodType=table
   Google Scholar
• Wilmoth, J. M., & Chen, P. C. (2003). Immigrant status, living arrangements, and depressive symptoms among middle-aged and older adults. Journal of Gerontology: Social Sciences, 58B(5), S305–S313. doi:10.1093/geronb/58.5.S305
   Google Scholar
• Wong, S. T., Yoo, G. J., & Stewart, A. (2005). Examining the types of social support and the actual sources of support in older Chinese and Korean immigrants. International Journal of Aging and Human Development, 61(2), 105–121. doi:10.2190/AJ62-QQKT-YJ47-B1T8
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wong, S. T., Yoo, G. J., & Stewart, A. (2007). An empirical evaluation of social support and psychological well-being in older Chinese and Korean immigrants. Ethnicity and Health, 12(1), 43–67. doi:10.1080/13557850600824104
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yi, S. H., & Tidwell, R. (2005). Adult Korean Americans: Their attitudes toward seeking professional counseling services. Community Mental Health Journal, 41(5), 571–580. doi:10.1007/s10597-005-6362-2
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar