Biosurfactant Mediated Remediation Process Evaluation on a Mixture of Heavy Metal Spiked Topsoil Using Soil Column and Batch Washing Methods

References

• Akit , J. , Cooper , D. G. , Manninen , K. I. and Zajic , J. E. 1981 . Investigation of potential biosurfactant production among phytopathogenic Corynebacteria and related soil microbes . Curr. Microbiol. , 6 : 145 – 150 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ara , I. and Mulligan , C. N. Conversion of Cr(VI) in water and soil using rhamnolipid . 61st Canadian Geotechnical Conference . Edmonton, AB. pp. 20 – 24 .
   Google Scholar
• Banat , I. M. , Makkar , R. S. and Cameotra , S. S. 2000 . Potential commercial applications of microbial surfactants . Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol. , 53 : 495 – 508 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cameron , R. E. 1992 . Guide to Site and Soil Description for Hazardous Waste Site Characterization Metals Environmental Protection Agency, EPA/600/4-91/029, 1
   Google Scholar
• Chandrasekaran , E. V. and Bemiller , J. N. 1980 . Methods in Carbohydrate Chemistry , Vol. III , 89 New York : Academic Press .
   Google Scholar
• Chang , F. H. and Broadbent , F. E. 1981 . Influence of trace metals on carbon dioxide evolution from a Yolo soil . Soil Sci. , 132 : 416 – 421 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cooper , D. G. , MacDonald , C. R. , Duff , S. J. B. and Kosaric , N. 1981 . Enhanced production of surfactin from Bacillus subtilis by continuous product removal and metal cation additions . Appl. Environ. Microbiol. , 42 : 408 – 412 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cooper , D. G. 1986 . Biosurfactants . Microb. Sci. , 3 : 145 – 149 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Cooper , D. G. and Goldenberg , B. G. 1987 . Surface-active agents from two Bacillus species . Appl. Environ. Microbiol. , 53 ( 2 ) : 224 – 229 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dahr Azma , B. and Mulligan , C. N. 2007 . Investigation of the removal of heavy metals from sediments using rhamnolipid in a continuous flow configuration . Chemosphere , 69 ( 5 ) : 705 – 711 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Frazer , L. 2000 . Innovations: Lipid lather removes metals . Environ. Healt. Persp. , 108 : 320 – 323 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Herman , D. C. , Artiola , J. F. and Miller , R. M. 1995 . Removal of cadmium, lead, and zinc from soil by a rhamnolipid biosurfactant . Environ. Sci. Technol. , 29 : 2280 – 2 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hitsatsuka , K. , Nakahara , T. , Sano , N. and Yamada , K. 1971 . Formation of a rhamnolipid by Pseudomonas aeruginosa and its function in hydrocarbon fermentation . Agric. Biol. Chem. , 35 : 686 – 92 .
   Google Scholar
• Juwarkar , A. A. , Nair , A. , Dubey , K. V. , Singh , S. K. and Devotta , S. 2007 . Biosurfactant technology for remediation of cadmium and lead contaminated soils . Chemos. , 68 : 1996 – 2002 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kim , J. and Vipulanandan , C. 2006 . Removal of lead from contaminated water and clay soil using a biosurfactant . J. Environ. Eng. , 132 : 777 – 86 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lin , H. K. , Man , X. D. and Walsh , D. E. 2001 . Lead removal via soil washing and leaching . J. Miner. Met. Mater. Soc. , 53 : 22 – 25 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Margaritis , A. , Kenny , K. , Jazic , J. E. and Gerson , D. F. 1979 . Biosurfactant production by Nocadia erythropolis . Dev. Indus. Microbiol. , 20 : 623 – 630 .
   Google Scholar
• Maslin , P. and Maier , R. M. 2000 . Rhamnolipid-enhanced mineralization of phenanthrene in organic-metal co-contaminated soils . J. Biorem. , 4 : 295 – 308 .
   Google Scholar
• Matsufugi , M. , Nakata , K. and Yoshimoto , A. 1997 . High production of rhamnolipids by Pseudomonas aeruginosa growing on ethanol . Biotechnol. Lett. , 19 : 1213 – 1215 .
   Google Scholar
• Mulligan , C. N. 2005 . Environmental applications for biosurfactants . Environ. Pollut. , 133 : 183 – 198 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mulligan , C. N. 2009 . Recent advances in the environmental applications of biosurfactants . Curr. Opin. Colloid Interface Sci. , 14 : 372 – 378 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mulligan , C. N. , Yong , R. N. and Gibbs , B. F. 2001 . Heavy metal removal from sediments by biosurfactants . J. Hazard. Mater. , 85 : 111 – 125 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mulligan , C. N. , Oghenekevwe , C. , Fukue , M. and Shimizu , Y. Biosurfactant enhanced remediation of a mixed contaminated soil and metal contaminated sediment . 7th Geoenvironmental Engineering Seminar, Japan–Korea–France . May 19–24 , Grenoble, France.
   Google Scholar
• Natrella , M. G. 1966 . “ Experimental statistics ” . In National Bureau of Standards Handbook , Edited by: Besson , F. S. and Astin , A. V. 91 Washington, DC : US Government Printing Office .
   Google Scholar
• Ochao-Loza , F. 1998 . Physico-chemical Factors Affecting Rhamnolipid Biosurfactant Application for Removal of Metal Contaminants from Soil , Tucson : Ph.D. dissertation, University of Arizona .
   Google Scholar
• Ochoa-Loza , F. J. , Artiola , J. F. and Maier , R. M. 2001 . Stability constants for the complexation of various metals with a rhamnolipid biosurfactant . J Environ Qual. , 30 : 479 – 485 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Parthasarathi , R. and Sivakumaar , P. K. 2009 . Effect of different carbon sources on the production of biosurfactant by Pseudomonas fluorescens isolated from mangrove forests (Pichavaram), Tamil Nadu, India . Global J. Environ. Res. , 3 : 99 – 101 .
   Google Scholar
• Pruthi , V. and Cameotra , S. S. 1995 . Rapid method for monitoring maximum biosurfactant production obtained by acetone precipitation . Biotechnol. Tech. , 9 : 271 – 276 .
   Google Scholar
• Rosen , M. J. 1979 . Surfactants and Interfacial Phenomena , New York : Wiley .
   Google Scholar
• Siegmund , I. and Wagner , F. 1991 . New method for detecting rhamnolipid excreted by Pseudomonas species during growth on mineral agar . Biotechnol. Tech. , 5 ( 4 ) : 265 – 268 .
   Google Scholar
• Stevenson , F. J. 1975 . “ Binding of metal ions by humic acids ” . In Second International Symposium on Environmental Biogeochemistry , Edited by: Nriagu , J. O. 34 Burlington, Ontario : Canada Centre for Inland Waters .
   Google Scholar
• Tahzibi , A. , Kamal , F. and Asiadi , M. M. 2004 . Improved production of rhamnolipids by a Pseudomonas aeruginosa mutant . Iranian Biomedical J. , 8 ( 1 ) : 25 – 31 .
   Google Scholar
• Tan , H. , Champion , J. T. , Artiola , J. F. , Brusseau , M. L. and Miller , R. M. 1994 . Complexation of cadmium by a rhamnolipid biosurfactant . Environ. Sci. Technol., , 28 : 2402 – 2406 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tessier , A. , Campbel , I. P. and Bisson , M. 1979 . Sequential extraction procedure for speciation of particulate trace metals . Anal. Chem. , 51 : 844 – 8l5 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wagner , F. , Behrendt , U. , Bock , H. , Kretschmer , A. , Lang , S. and Syldatk , C. 1983 . Microbial Enhanced Oil Recovery , 55 Tulsa, OK : Penwell Pub. .
   Google Scholar
• Wang , S. and Mulligan , C. N. 2004 . Rhamnolipid foam enhanced remediation of cadmium and nickel contaminated soil . Water Air Soil Pollut. , 157 : 315 – 330 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wang , S. and Mulligan , C. N. 2009 . Rhamnolipid biosurfactant-enhanced soil flushing for the removal of arsenic and heavy metals from mine tailings . Process Biochem. , 44 : 296 – 301 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wasay , S. A. , Barrington , S. F. and Tokunaga , S. F. 1998 . Using Aspergillus niger to biorremediate soils contaminated by heavy metals . Bioremed. J. , 2 ( 3 ) : 183 – 190 .
   Google Scholar
• Wen , J. , Stacey , S. P. , McLaughlin , M. J. and Kirby , J. K. 2009 . Biodegradation of rhamnolipid, EDTA and citric acid in cadmium and zinc contaminated soils . Soil Biol. Biochem. , 41 ( 10 ) : 2214 – 2221 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zeng , G. M. , Fu , H. Y. , Zhong , H. , Yuan , X. Z. , Fu , M. X. and Wang , W. 2007 . Co-degradation with glucose of four surfactants, CTAB, Triton X-100, SDS and rhamnolipid, in liquid culture media and compost matrix . Biodegradation. , 18 : 303 – 10 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhang , Y. M. and Miller , R. M. 1992 . Enhanced octadecane dispersion and biodegradation by a pseudomonas rhamnolipid surfactant biosurfactant . Appl. Environ. Microbiol. , 58 : 3276 – 3282 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar