902
Views
37
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Articles

Motivations of Adults for Non-Formal Conservation Education and Volunteerism: Implications for Programming

, &
Pages 6-17 | Published online: 06 Jun 2009

REFERENCES

  • Archer , T. M. , Warner , P. D. , Miller , W. , Clark , C. D. , James , S. Cummings , S. R. 2007 . Excellence in extension: Two products for definition and measurement . Journal of Extension , 45 ( 1 ) Retrieved April 21, 2007, from http://www.joe.org/joe/2007february/tt1.shtml Article 1TOT1
  • Association of Fish and Wildlife Agencies (AFWA) . 2007 . Conservation education Retrieved June 9, 2007, from http://www.fishwildlife.org/consed.html
  • Alliance of Natural Resource Outreach & Service Programs (ANROSP) . 2007 . About us. Retrieved June 10, 2007, from http://www.nralliance.org/pages/about.php
  • Bonneau , L. A. 2003 . Texas Master Naturalist program assessment: Changes in volunteer knowledge and attitudes as a result of training. , Nacogdoches, TX : Stephen F. Austin State University . Unpublished Master's thesis
  • Boshier , R. and Collins , J. B. 1985 . The Houle typology after twenty-two years: A large-scale empirical test . Adult Education Quarterly , 35 ( 3 ) : 113 – 130 .
  • Boyd , B. 2004 . Extension agents as administrators of volunteers: Competencies needed for the future . Journal of Extension , 42 ( 2 ) Retrieved April 21, 2007, from http://www.joe.org/joe/2004april/a4.shtml
  • Clary , E. G. , Snyder , M. , Ridge , R. D. , Copeland , J. , Stukas , A. A. Haugen , J. 1998 . Understanding and assessing the motivations of volunteers: A functional approach . Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , 74 ( 6 ) : 1516 – 1530 .
  • Cleveland , L. V. and Thompson , J. R. 2007 . Extension education and volunteer service: Assessing motivation and action . Journal of Extension , 45 ( 1 ) Retrieved April 23, 2009, from http://www.joe.org/joe/2007february/rb1.shtml Article 1RIB1
  • Courtney , S. 1992 . Why adults learn: Towards a theory of participation in adult education , New York : Routledge .
  • Dann , S. L. and Van Den Berg , H. A. 2006 . Conservation Stewards Program curriculum , East Lansing : Michigan State University Extension .
  • Dillman , D. A. 2000 . Mail and internet surveys: The tailored design method, , 2nd ed. , New York : John Wiley & Sons, Inc .
  • Dirkx , J. M. and Prenger , S. M. 1997 . A guide for planning and implementing instruction for adults , San Francisco : Jossey-Bass, Inc .
  • Driver , B. L. , Douglass , R. W. and Loomis , J. B. 1999 . “ Outdoor recreation and wilderness in America: Benefits and history ” . In Outdoor recreation in American life: A national assessment of demand and supply trends , Edited by: Cordell , H. K. and McKinney , S. M. 1 – 30 . Champaign, IL : Sagamore Publications .
  • Fischer , L. R. and Schaffer , K. B. 1993 . Older volunteers: A guide to research and practice , Newbury Park, CA : Sage Publications .
  • Florida Master Naturalist Program (FMNP) . 2006 . FMNP program description Retrieved June 4, 2006, from http://www.masternaturalist.ifas.ufl.edu/
  • Fujita-Starck , P. J. 1996 . Motivations and characteristics of adult students: Factor stability and construct validity of the Education Participation Scale . Adult Education Quarterly , 47 ( 1 ) : 29 – 40 .
  • Houle , C. O. 1961 . The inquiring mind , Madison : University of Wisconsin Press .
  • Ilsley , P. J. 1990 . Enhancing the volunteer experience , San Francisco : Jossey-Bass Publishers .
  • Kerka , S. 2002 . Teaching adults: Is it different? Myths and realities , Columbus, OH : ERIC Digest #21 .
  • Kett , J. F. 1994 . The pursuit of knowledge under difficulties: From self-improvement to adult education in America, 1750–1990 , Stanford, CA : Stanford University Press .
  • Knowles , M. S. 1980 . Andragogy, not pedagogy . Adult Leadership , 16 ( 10 ) : 350 – 352 . 386
  • Knowles , M. S. 1990 . The adult learner: A neglected species, , 4th edition , Houston, TX : Gulf Publishing .
  • Main , M. B. 2004 . Mobilizing grass-roots conservation education: The Florida Master Naturalist Program . Conservation Biology , 18 ( 1 ) : 11 – 16 .
  • Merriam , S. B. and Caffarella , R. S. 1999 . Learning in adulthood , San Francisco : Jossey-Bass, Inc .
  • Moravec , C. 2006 . Continuing education interests of Master Gardener volunteers: Beyond basic training . Journal of Extension , 44 ( 6 ) Retrieved November 10, 2008, from http://www.joe.org/joe/2006december/rb5.shtml
  • Palmer , D. and Dann , S. L. 2004 . Using implementation and program theory to examine communication strategies in National Wildlife Federation's Backyard Wildlife Habitat Program . Applied Environmental Education and Communication , 3 ( 4 ) : 219 – 238 .
  • Prysby , M. and Super , P. 2007 . Programming—citizen science: The director's guide to best practices , Logan, UT : Association of Nature Center Administrators .
  • Roland , C. and Van Puymbroeck , M. 2007 . Research update: Seniors benefit from volunteerism . Parks & Recreation , 42 ( 5 ) : 26 – 29 .
  • Ryan , R. L. , Kaplan , R. and Grese , R. E. 2001 . Predicting volunteer commitment in environmental stewardship programs . Journal of Environmental Planning and Management , 44 ( 5 ) : 629 – 648 .
  • Savanick , M. A. and Blair , R. B. 2005 . Assessing the need for Master Naturalist programs . Journal of Extension , 43 ( 3 ) Retrieved April 21, 2007, from http://www.joe.org/joe/2005june/a7.shtml
  • Schrock , D. S. , Meyer , M. , Ascher , P. and Snyder , M. 2000a . Extension education methods . HorTechnology , 10 ( 3 ) : 626 – 630 .
  • Schrock , D. S. , Meyer , M. , Ascher , P. and Snyder , M. 2000b . Benefits and values of the Master Gardener program . Journal of Extension , 38 ( 1 ) Retrieved April 21, 2007, from http://www.joe.org/joe/2000february/rb2.html
  • Simonson , D. L. and Pals , D. A. 1990 . Master Gardeners: Views from the cabbage patch . Journal of Extension , 28 ( 2 ) Retrieved April 21, 2007, from http://www.joe.org/joe/1990summer/rb3.html
  • SPSS , Inc . 2005 . SPSS for Windows (Version 12) [Computer software] , Chicago : SPSS, Inc .
  • Strigas , A. 2006 . Research update: Making the most of volunteers . Parks & Recreation , 41 ( 4 ) : 26 – 29 .
  • Texas Master Naturalist Program (TMNP) . 2006 . TMNP program description Retrieved June 4, 2006, from http://masternaturalist.tamu.edu/
  • United States Census Bureau . 2006 . Michigan general demographic characteristics 2004: American community survey Retrieved June 1, 2006, from http://factfinder.census.gov
  • Van Den Berg , H. A. 2006 . Impacts of the Michigan Conservation Stewards Program on participants' knowledge, attitudes, and skills regarding ecology and resource management. , East Lansing : Michigan State University . Unpublished Master's thesis
  • Van Den Berg , H. A. and Dann , S. L. 2008 . Evaluation of an adult extension education initiative: The Michigan Conservation Stewards program . Journal of Extension [Online] , 46 ( 2 ) Retrieved April 23, 2009, from http://www.joe.org/joe/2008april/rb1.shtml
  • Van Den Berg , H. A. , Riley , S. J. and Dann , S. L. Conservation education for advancing natural resources knowledge and building capacity for volunteerism . Society & Natural Resources. , (forthcoming)

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.