129
Views
4
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Articles

The effects of extremely low-frequency electromagnetic fields on c-Maf, STAT6, and RORα expressions in spleen and thymus of rat

, , & ORCID Icon
Pages 177-183 | Received 02 Dec 2018, Accepted 14 Apr 2019, Published online: 24 Apr 2019

References

  • Agrawal, D. K., Shao, Z. (2010). Pathogenesis of allergic airway inflammation. Curr Allergy Asthma Rep. 10:39–48. doi:10.1007/s11882-009-0081-7
  • Akdag, M. Z., Bilgin, M. H., Dasdag, S., Tumer, C. (2007). Alteration of nitric oxide production in rats exposed to a prolonged, extremely low-frequency magnetic field. Electromagn. Biol. Med. 26:99–106. doi:10.1080/15368370701357866
  • Ashraf, R., Shah, N. P. (2014). Immune system stimulation by probiotic microorganisms. Crit. Rev. Food Sci. Nutr. 54:938–956. doi:10.1080/10408398.2011.619671
  • Burkett, P. R., Horste, G. M., Kuchroo, V. K. (2015). Pouring fuel on the fire: Th17 cells, the environment, and autoimmunity. J. Clin. Invest. 125:2211–2219. doi:10.1172/JCI78085
  • Castro, G., Liu, X., Ngo, K., et al. (2017). RORγt and RORα signature genes in human Th17 cells. PLoS ONE 12:29–39. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0181868
  • Chapoval, S., Dasgupta, P., Dorsey, N. J., Keegan, A. D. (2010). Regulation of the T helper cell type 2 (Th2)/T regulatory cell (Treg) balance by IL‐4 and STAT6. J. Leukoc. Biol. 87:1011–1018. doi:10.1189/jlb.1209772
  • Chen, G., Upham, B. L., Sun, W., et al. (2000). Effect of electromagnetic field exposure on chemically induced differentiation of friend erythroleukemia cells. Environ. Health Perspect. 108:967–972. doi:10.1289/ehp.00108967
  • Chovatiya, R., Medzhitov, R. (2014). Stress, inflammation, and defense of homeostasis. Mol. Cell 54:281–288. doi:10.1016/j.molcel.2014.03.030
  • Curtis, M. M., Way, S. S. (2009). Interleukin‐17 in host defence against bacterial, mycobacterial and fungal pathogens. Immunology 126:177–185. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2567.2008.03017.x
  • Degroot, M. W., Kock, M. D., Westerink, R. H. (2014). Assessment of the neurotoxic potential of exposure to 50 Hz extremely low frequency electromagnetic fields (ELF-EMF) in naive and chemically stressed PC12 cells. Neurotoxicology 44:358–364. doi:10.1016/j.neuro.2014.07.009
  • Gabrysova, L., Alvarez-Martinez, M., Luisier, R., et al. (2018). c-Maf controls immune responses by regulating disease-specific gene networks and repressing IL-2 in CD4+ T cells. Nat. Immunol. 19:497–507. doi:10.1038/s41590-018-0083-5
  • Helmstetter, C., Flossdorf, M., Peine, M., et al. (2015). Individual T helper cells have a quantitative cytokine memory. Immunity 42:108–122. doi:10.1016/j.immuni.2014.12.018
  • Hirahara, K., Nakayama, T. (2016). CD4+ T-cell subsets in inflammatory diseases: Beyond the T h 1/T h 2 paradigm. Int. Immunol. 28:163–171. doi:10.1093/intimm/dxw006
  • Jaramillo, M. L., Ammar, D., Quispe, R. L., et al. (2017). Identification and evaluation of reference genes for expression studies by RT-qPCR during embryonic development of the emerging model organism, Macrobrachium olfersii. Gene 598:97–106. doi:10.1016/j.gene.2016.11.001
  • Kurata, H., Lee, H. J., McClanahan, T., et al. (2002). Friend of GATA is expressed in naive Th cells and functions as a repressor of GATA-3-mediated Th2 cell development. J. Immunol. 168:4538–4545. doi:10.4049/jimmunol.168.9.4538
  • Kuwahara, M., Ise, W., Ochi, M., et al. (2016). Bach2–Batf interactions control Th2-type immune response by regulating the IL-4 amplification loop. Nat. Commun. 7:1–13. doi:10.1038/ncomms12596
  • Lee, Y. J., Hyung, K. E., Yoo., J. S., et al. (2016). Effects of exposure to extremely low-frequency electromagnetic fields on the differentiation of Th17 T cells and regulatory T cells. Gen. Physiol. Biophys. 35:487–495. doi:10.4149/gpb_2016011
  • Luo, X., Jia, S., Li, R., et al. (2016). Occupational exposure to 50 Hz magnetic fields does not alter responses of inflammatory genes and activation of splenic lymphocytes in mice. Int. J. Occup. Med. Environ. Health 29:277–291. doi:10.13075/ijomeh.1896.00519
  • Maddur, M. S., Miossec, P., Kaveri, S. V., Bayry, J. (2012). Th17 cells: Biology, pathogenesis of autoimmune and inflammatory diseases, and therapeutic strategies. Am. J. Pathol. 181:8–18. doi:10.1016/j.ajpath.2012.03.044
  • Maes, A., Anthonissen, R., Wambacq, S., et al. (2016). The cytome assay as a tool to investigate the possible association between exposure to extremely low frequency magnetic fields and an increased risk for Alzheimer’s disease. J. Alzheimers Dis 50:741–749. doi:10.3233/JAD-150669
  • Mahaki, H., Tanzadehpanah, H., Jabarivasal, N., et al. (2018). A review on the effects of extremely low frequency electromagnetic field (ELF-EMF) on cytokines of innate and adaptive immunity. Electromagn Biol. Med. 38:84–95. doi:10.1080/15368378.2018.1545668
  • Mahdavinejad, L., Alahgholi-Hajibehzad, M., Eftekharian, M. M., et al. (2018). Extremely low frequency electromagnetic fields decrease serum levels of interleukin-17, transforming growth factor-β and downregulate Foxp3 expression in the spleen. J. Interferon Cytokine Res. 38:457–462. doi:10.1089/jir.2018.0048
  • Mangan, P. R., Harrington, L. E., Oquinn, D. B., et al. (2006). Transforming growth factor-β induces development of the TH17 lineage. Nature 441:231–234. doi:10.1038/nature04754
  • Moghadam, N. H., Salehzadeh, S., Tanzadehpanah, H., et al. (2018). vitro cytotoxicity and DNA/HSA interaction study of triamterene using molecular modelling and multi-spectroscopic methods. J. Biomol. Struct. Dyn. 1–35. (Published online). doi:10.1080/07391102.2018.1489305
  • Okudan, N., Celik, I., Salbacak, A., et al. (2010). Effects of long-term 50 Hz magnetic field exposure on the micro nucleated polychromatic erythrocyte and blood lymphocyte frequency and argyrophilic nucleolar organizer regions in lymphocytes of mice. Neuro Endocrinol. Lett. 31:208–214.
  • Protection, I. C. N. I. R. (2010). Guidelines for limiting exposure to time-varying electric and magnetic fields (1 Hz to 100 kHz). Health Phys. 99:818–836. doi:10.1097/HP.0b013e3181f06c86
  • Robinson, D., Humbert, M., Buhl, R., et al. (2017). Revisiting T ype 2‐high and T ype 2‐low airway inflammation in asthma: Current knowledge and therapeutic implications. Clin. Exp. Allergy 47:161–175. doi:10.1111/cea.12880
  • Salehi, I., Sani, K. G., Zamani, A. (2013). Exposure of rats to extremely low-frequency electromagnetic fields (ELF-EMF) alters cytokines production. Electromagn. Biol. Med. 32:1–8. doi:10.3109/15368378.2012.692343
  • Shabgah, A. G., Fattahi, E., Shahneh, F. Z. (2014). Interleukin-17 in human inflammatory diseases. Postepy Dermatol. Alergol. 31:256. doi:10.5114/pdia.2014.40954
  • Simko, M., Mattsson, M. O. (2004). Extremely low frequency electromagnetic fields as effectors of cellular responses in vitro: Possible immune cell activation. J. Cell. Biochem. 93:83–92. doi:10.1002/jcb.20198
  • Sobhanifard, M., Eftekharian, M. M., Solgi, G., et al. (2018). Effect of extremely low frequency electromagnetic fields on expression of T-bet and GATA-3 genes and serum interferon-γ and interleukin-4. J. Interferon Cytokine Res. 39:2. doi:10.1089/jir.2018.0105
  • Tanzadehpanah, H., Asoodeh, A., Saidijam, M., et al. (2017). Improving efficiency of an angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitory peptide as multifunctional peptides. J. Biomol. Struct. Dyn. 36:3803–3818. doi:10.1080/07391102.2017.1401001
  • Tokalov, S. V., Gutzeit, H. O. (2004). Weak electromagnetic fields (50 Hz) elicit a stress response in human cells. Environ. Res. 94:145–151.
  • Wang, K. X., Denhardt, D. T. (2008). Osteopontin: Role in immune regulation and stress responses. Cytokine Growth Factor Rev. 19:333–345. doi:10.1016/j.cytogfr.2008.08.001
  • Xu, M., Pokrovskii, M., Ding, Y., et al. (2018). c-MAF-dependent regulatory T cells mediate immunological tolerance to a gut pathobiont. Nature 554:373–377. doi:10.1038/nature25500
  • Yang, X. O., Pappu, B. P., Nurieva, R., et al. (2008). T helper 17 lineage differentiation is programmed by orphan nuclear receptors RORα and RORγ. Immunity 28:29–39. doi:10.1016/j.immuni.2007.11.016
  • Zamani, A., Mashouf, R. Y., Namvar, A. M. E., Alikhani, M. Y. (2013). Detection of magA Gene in Klebsiella spp. Isolated from Clinical SamplesDetection of magA. Iran J. Basic Med. Sci. 16:173–176.
  • Zhang, H. H., Cheng, Y. X., Luo, X. P., et al. (2016). Preventive effects of lotus seed pod procyanidins on extremely low frequency electromagnetic exposure-induced immune function injury. Mod. Food Sci. Technol. 32:1–5.
  • Zhang, Y., Liu, X., Zhang, J., Li, N. (2015). Short-term effects of extremely low frequency electromagnetic fields exposure on Alzheimer‘s disease in rats. Int. J. Radiat. Biol. 91:28–34. doi:10.3109/09553002.2014.954058
  • Zhu, J. (2015). T helper 2 (Th2) cell differentiation, type 2 innate lymphoid cell (ILC2) development and regulation of interleukin-4 (IL-4) and IL-13 production. Cytokine 75:14–24. doi:10.1016/j.cyto.2015.05.010

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.