References
- Albayrak, I., Apiliogullari, S., Dal, C.N., et al. 2017. Efficacy of pulsed radiofrequency therapy to dorsal root Ganglion adding to TENS and exercise for persistent pain after total knee arthroplasty. J. Knee Surg. 30:134–42. doi:https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0036-1583268.
- Albornoz Cabello, Rebollo Roldán, M.J., and García Pérez, R. 2005. Personal psychological apprehension scale (EAPP) in physical therapy. Revista Iberoamericana De Fisioterapia Y Kinesiologia 8:77–87. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/S1138-6045(05)72785-4.
- Albornoz-Cabello, M., Ibáñez-Vera, A.J., la Cruz-Torres, B. 2017a. Efficacy of monopolar dielectric transmission radio frequency in panniculus adiposus and cellulite reduction efficacy of monopolar dielectric transmission radio frequency in panniculus adiposus and cellulite reduction. J. Cosmet. Laser Ther. 19:422–26. doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/14764172.2017.1342041.
- Albornoz-Cabello, M., Maya-Martín, J., Domínguez-Maldonado, G., et al. 2017b. Effect of interferential current therapy on pain perception and disability level in subjects with chronic low back pain: A randomized controlled trial. Clin. Rehabil. 31:242–49. doi:https://doi.org/10.1177/0269215516639653.
- Binkley, J.M., Stratford, P.W., S. A. Lott, S.A., 1999. The lower extremity functional scale (LEFS): Scale development, measurement properties, and clinical application. North American Orthopaedic Rehabilitation Research Network. Phys. Ther. 79:371–83.
- Bolgla, L.A., Boling, M.C., Powers, C.M., 2018. Position statement National Athletic Trainers’ association position statement: Management of individuals with Patellofemoral Pain. J. Athl. Train 53:820–36. doi:https://doi.org/10.4085/1062-6050-231-15.
- Bouhassira, D., Attal, N., H. Alchaar, F. Boureau, B. Brochet, J. Bruxelle, G. Cunin, J. Fermanian, P. Ginies, A. Grun-Overdyking, et al. 2005. Comparison of pain syndromes associated with nervous or somatic lesions and development of a new neuropathic pain diagnostic questionnaire (DN4). Pain 114:29–36. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pain.2004.12.010.
- Coburn, S.L., Barton, C.J., Filbay, S.R., et al. 2018. Quality of life in individuals with patellofemoral pain: A systematic review including meta-analysis. Phys. Ther. Sport 33:96–108. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ptsp.2018.06.006.
- Collins, N.J., Barton, C.J., van Middelkoop, M., et al. 2018. 2018 consensus statement on exercise therapy and physical interventions (orthoses, taping and manual therapy) to treat patellofemoral pain: Recommendations from the 5th International Patellofemoral Pain Research Retreat, Gold Coast, Australia, 2017. Br. J. Sports Med. 52:1170–78. doi:https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2018-099397.
- Collins, N.J., Crossley K.M., Darnell, R., et al. 2010. Predictors of short and long term outcome in patellofemoral pain syndrome: A prospective longitudinal study. BMC Musculoskelet. Disord. 11:11. doi:https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2474-11-11.
- Crossley, K., Bennell, K., Green, S., et al. 2001. A systematic review of physical interventions for patellofemoral pain syndrome. Clin. J. Sport Med. 11:103–10. doi:https://doi.org/10.1097/00042752-200104000-00007.
- Dworkin, R.H., Turk, D.C., Wyrwich, K.W., et al. 2008. Interpreting the clinical importance of treatment outcomes in chronic pain clinical trials: IMMPACT recommendations. J. Pain 9:105–21. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpain.2007.09.005.
- Espí-López, GV., Arnal-Gómez, A., Balasch-Bernat, M., et al. 2017. Effectiveness of manual therapy combined with physical therapy in treatment of patellofemoral pain syndrome: Systematic review. J. Chiropr. Med. 16:139–46. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcm.2016.10.003.
- Gil-Gámez, J., Pecos-Martín, D., Kujala, U.M., et al. 2016. Validation and cultural adaptation of “Kujala Score” in Spanish’. Knee Surg. Sports Traumatology Arthroscopy 24:2845–53. doi:https://doi.org/10.1007/s00167-015-3521-z.
- Giombini, A., di Cesare, A., Safran, M., et al. 2006. Short-term effectiveness of hyperthermia for Supraspinatus Tendinopathy in Athletes: A short-term randomized controlled study. Am. J. Sports Med. 34:1247–54. doi:https://doi.org/10.1177/0363546506287827.
- Hart, H.F., Barton, C.J., Khan, K.M., et al. 2017. Is body mass index associated with patellofemoral pain and patellofemoral osteoarthritis? A systematic review and meta-regression and analysis. Br. J. Sports Med. 51:781–90. doi:https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2016-096768.
- Hawker, G.A., Mean, S., Kendzerska T.A., et al. 2011. Measures of adult pain: Visual analog scale for Pain (VAS Pain), Numeric rating scale for Pain (NRS Pain), McGill Pain Questionnaire (MPQ), Short-Form McGill Pain Questionnaire (SF-MPQ), Chronic Pain Grade Scale (CPGS), Short Form-36 Bodily Pain Scale (SF-36 BPS), and Measure of Intermittent and Constant Osteoarthritis Pain (ICOAP). Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken) 63:S240–52. doi:https://doi.org/10.1002/acr.20543.
- Hochsprung, A., Escudero-Uribe, S., Ibáñez-Vera, A.J, et al. 2018. Effectiveness of monopolar dielectric transmission of pulsed electromagnetic fields for multiple sclerosis–related pain: A pilot study. Neurologia. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nrl.2018.03.003.
- Ibáñez-Vera, A. J., Ginestra-Puyalto, A., Isara-Vivancos, M.A., et al. 2019. Effects of dielectric monopolar radiofrequency with vacuum therapy in the treatment of chronic constipation in patients with intellectual developmental disorders. Neuropsychiatry 9:2070–75. doi:https://doi.org/10.4172/Neuropsychiatry.1000552.
- Insall, J. 1982. Current concepts review: Patellar pain. J. Bone Joint Surg. 64:147–52. doi:https://doi.org/10.2106/00004623-198264010-00023.
- Kumaran, B., Herbland, A., Watson, T. 2017. Continuous-mode 448 kHz capacitive resistive monopolar radiofrequency induces greater deep blood flow changes compared to pulsed mode shortwave: A crossover study in healthy adults. Eur. J. Physiotherapy 19:137–46. doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/21679169.2017.1316310.
- Kumaran, B., Watson, T. 2018. Skin thermophysiological effects of 448 kHz capacitive resistive monopolar radiofrequency in healthy adults: A randomised crossover study and comparison with pulsed shortwave therapy. Electromagn. Biol. Med. 37:1–12. doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/15368378.2017.1422260.
- Kumaran, B., Watson, T. 2019. Treatment using 448 kHz capacitive resistive monopolar radiofrequency improves pain and function in patients with osteoarthritis of the knee joint: A randomised controlled trial. Physiotherapy 105:98–107. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.physio.2018.07.004.
- Logan, C.A., Bhashyam, A., Tisosky, A.J., et al. 2017. Systematic Review of the Effect of Taping Techniques on Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome. Sports Health 9:456–61. doi:https://doi.org/10.1177/1941738117710938.
- McConnell, J. 1986. The management of Chondromalacia Patellae: A long term solution. Aust. J. Physiother. 32:215–23. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/S0004-9514(14)60654-1.
- Notarnicola, A. 2017. Short term efficacy of capacitive-resistive diathermy therapy in patients with low back pain: A prospective randomized controlled trial. J. Biol. Regul. Homeost. Agents 31:509–15.
- Price, D. D., Bush, F.M., Long, S., et al. 1994. A comparison of pain measurement characteristics of mechanical visual analogue and simple numerical rating scales. Pain 56:217–26. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/0304-3959(94)90097-3.
- Rennie, S. 2010. Electrophysical agents - Contraindications and precautions: An evidence-based approach to clinical decision making in physical therapy. Physiother. Can. 62:1–80. doi:https://doi.org/10.3138/ptc.62.5.
- Rothermich, M. A., Glaviano, N.R., Li, J., et al. 2015. Patellofemoral pain. Clin. Sports Med. 34:313–27. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.csm.2014.12.011.
- Salarie Sker, F., Anbarian, M., Yazdani, A.H., et al. 2017. Patellar bracing affects sEMG activity of leg and thigh muscles during stance phase in patellofemoral pain syndrome. Gait Posture 58:7–12. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gaitpost.2017.06.271.
- Satkunskiene, D., M. Mickevicius, M., Snieckus, A., et al. 2017. Leg stiffness, valgus knee motion, and Q-angle are associated with hypertrophic soft patella tendon and idiopathic knee pain in adolescent basketball players. J. Sports Med. Phys. Fitness 57:1003–13. doi:https://doi.org/10.23736/S0022-4707.17.06911-0.
- Tashjian, R.Z., Deloach, J., Porucznik, C.A., et al. 2009. Minimal clinically important differences (MCID) and patient acceptable symptomatic state (PASS) for visual analog scales (VAS) measuring pain in patients treated for rotator cuff disease. J. Shoulder Laser Ther. 18:927–32. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jse.2009.03.021.
- Verma, C., Krishnan, V. 2012. Comparison between Mc Connell Patellar taping and conventional physio- therapy treatment in the management of Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome. A randomised controlled trial. J. Krishna Inst. Med. Sci.Univ. 1:95–104.