366
Views
7
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Articles

Judging Incumbents’ Character: The Impact of Scandal

Pages 216-239 | Received 02 Jun 2016, Accepted 13 Sep 2018, Published online: 26 Nov 2018

REFERENCES

  • Alford, John, Holly Teeters, Daniel S. Ward, and Rick K. Wilson. 1994. “Overdraft: The Political Cost of Congressional Malfeasance.” Journal of Politics 56 (3):788–801.
  • Ansolabehere, Stephen, and Brian Schaffner. 2014. Cooperative Congressional Election Study: 2010–2012 Panel Study [Computer File] Release 1. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University.
  • Banducci, Susan A., and Jeffrey A. Karp. 1994. “Electoral Consequences of Scandal and Reapportionment in the 1992 House Elections.” American Politics Quarterly 22 (1):3–26.
  • Baron, Reuben M., and David A. Kenny. 1986. “The Moderator-Mediator Variable Distinction in Social Psychological Research: Conceptual, Strategic, and Statistical Considerations.” Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 51 (6):1173–82.
  • Basinger, Scott J. 2013. “Scandals and Congressional Elections in the Post-Watergate Era.” Political Research Quarterly 66 (2):385–98.
  • Basinger, Scott J. 2015. “The Electoral Effects of Congressional Scandals.” In Scandal! An Interdisciplinary Approach to the Consequences, Outcomes, and Significance of Political Scandals, Alison Dagnes and Mark Sachleben, eds. London, UK: Bloomsbury Publishing.
  • Basinger, Scott J., Lara Brown, Douglas B. Harris, and Jeff Gulati. 2015. “Counting and Classifying Congressional Scandals.” In Scandal! An Interdisciplinary Approach to the Consequences, Outcomes, and Significance of Political Scandals, Alison Dagnes and Mark Sachleben, eds. London, UK: Bloomsbury Publishing.
  • Basinger, Scott J., and Brandon Rottinghaus. 2012. “Skeletons in the White House Closets: A Discussion of Modern Presidential Scandals.” Political Science Quarterly 127 (2):213–39.
  • Brown, Lara M. 2006. “Revisiting the Character of Congress: Scandals in the U.S. House of Representatives, 1966–2002.” Journal of Political Marketing 5 (1–2):149–72.
  • Brown, Lara M., and Jeff Gulati. 2015. “Spending More Time With My Family: Scandals and Premature Departures from the House.” In Scandal! An Interdisciplinary Approach to the Consequences, Outcomes, and Significance of Political Scandals, Alison Dagnes and Mark Sachleben, eds. London, UK: Bloomsbury Publishing.
  • Cain, Bruce, John Ferejohn, and Morris Fiorina. 1987. The Personal Vote: Constituency Service and Electoral Independence. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
  • Cook, Thomas D., and Donald T. Campbell. 1979. Quasi-Experimentation: Design & Analysis Issues for Field Settings. Boston, MA: Hougton Mifflin.
  • Dimock, Michael A., and Gary C. Jacobson. 1995. “Checks and Choices: The House Bank Scandal’s Impact on Voters in 1992.” Journal of Politics 57 (4):1143–59.
  • Doherty, David, Conor M. Dowling, and Michael G. Miller. 2011. “Are Financial or Moral Scandals Worse? It Depends.” PS: Political Science & Politics 44 (4):749–57.
  • Doherty, David, Conor M. Dowling, and Michael G. Miller. 2014. “Does Time Heal All Wounds? Sex Scandals, Tax Evasion, and the Passage of Time.” PS: Political Science & Politics 47 (02):357–66.
  • Fenno, Richard F. Jr. 1978. Home Style: House Members in Their Districts. Boston, MA: Little, Brown.
  • Funk, Carolyn. 1996. “The Impact of Scandal on Candidate Evaluations: An Experimental Test of the Role of Candidate Traits.” Political Behavior 18 (1):1–24.
  • Funk, Carolyn. 1999. “Bringing the Candidate into Models of Candidate Evaluation.” Journal of Politics 61 (3):700–20.
  • Goren, Paul. 2002. “Character Weakness, Partisan Bias, and Presidential Evaluation.” American Journal of Political Science 46:627–41.
  • Goren, Paul. 2007. “Character Weakness, Partisan Bias, and Presidential Evaluation: Modifications and Extensions.” Political Behavior 29 (3):305–25.
  • Greene, Stephen. 2001. “The Role of Character Assessments in Presidential Approval.” American Politics Research 29 (2):196–210.
  • Grose, Christian R., and Bruce I. Oppenheimer. 2007. “The Iraq War, Partisanship, and Candidate Attributes: Variation in Partisan Swing in the 2006 U.S. House Elections.” Legislative Studies Quarterly 32 (4):531–57.
  • Hayes, Danny. 2005. “Candidate Qualities through a Partisan Lens: A Theory of Trait Ownership.” American Journal of Political Science 49 (4):908–23.
  • Hendry, David J., Robert A. Jackson, and J. Mondak Jeffery. 2008. “Abramoff, Email, and the Mistreated Mistress: Scandal and Character in the 2006 Elections.” In Fault Lines: Why the Republicans Lost Congress, J. J. Mondak and D. Mitchell, eds., 84–110. New York, NY: Routledge.
  • Hicks, Raymond, and Dustin Tingley. 2011. “Causal Mediation Analysis.” The Stata Journal 11:609–15.
  • Imai, Kosuke, Luke Keele, and Dustin Tingley. 2010. “A General Approach to Causal Mediation Analysis.” Psychological Methods 15 (4):309–34.
  • Imai, Kosuke, Luke Keele, Dustin Tingley, and Teppei Yamamoto. 2011. “Unpacking the Black Box of Causality: Learning about Causal Mechanisms from Experimental and Observational Studies.” American Political Science Review 105 (4):765–89.
  • Jacobson, Gary C., and Michael A. Dimock. 1994. “Checking out: The Effects of Bank Overdrafts on the 1992 House Elections.” American Journal of Political Science 38:601–24.
  • Kinder, Donald. 1986. “Presidential Character Revisited.” In Political Cognition, R. R. Lau and D. O. Sears, eds. Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum.
  • Lazarus, Jeffrey. 2008. “Buying in: Testing the Rational Model of Candidate Entry.” Journal of Politics 70 (3):837–50.
  • MacKinnon, David P. 2008. Introduction to Statistical Mediation Analysis. New York, NY: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
  • MacKinnon, David P., and James H. Dwyer. 1993. “Estimating Mediated Effects in Prevention Studies.” Evaluation Review 17 (2):144–58.
  • MacKinnon, David P., Chondra M. Lockwood, Jeanne M. Hoffman, S. G. West, and V. Sheets. 2002. “A Comparison of Methods to Test Mediation and Other Intervening Variable Effects.” Psychological Methods 7 (1):83–104.
  • MacKinnon, David P., Chondra M. Lockwood, C. Hendricks Brown, Wei Wang, and Jeanne M. Hoffman. 2007. “The Intermediate Endpoint Effect in Logistic and Probit Regression.” Clinical Trials: Journal of the Society for Clinical Trials 4 (5):499–513.
  • McCurley, Carl, and Jeffery J. Mondak. 1995. “Inspected by #1184063113: The Influence of Incumbents’ Competence and Integrity in U.S. House Elections.” American Journal of Political Science 39:864–85.
  • Mondak, Jeffery J. 1995. “Competence, Integrity, and the Electoral Success of Congressional Incumbents.” Journal of Politics 57 (4):1043–69.
  • Mondak, Jeffery J., and Robert Huckfeldt. 2006. “The Accessibility and Utility of Candidate Character in Electoral Decision Making.” Electoral Studies 25 (1):20–34.
  • Peters, John G., and Susan Welch. 1980. “The Effects of Charges of Corruption on Voting Behavior in Congressional Elections.” American Political Science Review 74 (3):697–708.
  • Preacher, Kristopher J., and Andrew F. Hayes. 2004. “SPSS and SAS Procedures for Estimating Indirect Effects in Simple Mediation Models.” Behavior Research Methods, Instruments, & Computers 36 (4):717–31.
  • Sobel, Michael E. 1982. “Asymptotic Confidence Intervals for Indirect Effects in Structural Equation Models.” Sociological Methodology 13:290–312.
  • Stoker, Laura. 1993. “Judging Presidential Character: The Demise of Gary Hart.” Political Behavior 15 (2):193–223.
  • Thompson, John B. 2000. Political Scandals: Power and Visibility in the Media Age. Cambridge, MA: Polity Press.
  • Welch, Susan, and John G. Hibbing. 1997. “The Effects of Charges of Corruption on Voting Behavior in Congressional Elections, 1982–1990.” Journal of Politics 59 (1):226–39.
  • Woessner, Matthew C. 2005. “Scandal, Elites, and Presidential Popularity.” Presidential Studies Quarterly 35 (1):94–115.
  • Wooldridge, Jeffrey M. 2002. Econometric Analysis of Cross Section and Panel Data. Cambridge, MA: The MIT Press.
  • Zhao, Xinshu, John G. Lynch, Jr., and Qimei Chen. 2010. “Reconsidering Baron and Kenny: Myths and Truths about Mediation Analysis.” Journal of Consumer Research 37 (2):197–206.

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.