249
Views
4
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Original Articles

The Impact of Acculturation, Motivation, and the Therapeutic Alliance on Treatment Retention and Outcomes for Hispanic Drug-Involved Probationers

Pages 150-180 | Received 01 Sep 2011, Accepted 01 Dec 2011, Published online: 03 Jun 2013

REFERENCES

  • Agosti , V. , Nunes , E. and Ocepeck-Welikson , K. 1996 . Patient factors related to early attrition from an outpatient cocaine research clinic . American Journal of Drug & Alcohol Abuse , 22 : 29 – 39 .
  • Alegría , M. , Mulvaney-Day , N. , Woo , M. , Torres , M. , Gao , S. and Oddo , V. 2007 . Correlates of past-year mental health service use among Latinos: Results from the National Latino and Asian American Study . American Journal of Public Health , 97 ( 1 ) : 1 – 8 .
  • Alvarez , J. , Olson , B. D. , Jason , L. A. , Davis , M. I. and Ferrari , J. R. 2004 . Heterogeneity among Latinas and Latinos entering substance abuse treatment: Findings from a national database . Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment , 26 ( 4 ) : 277 – 284 .
  • Alverson , H. S. , Drake , R. E. , Carpenter-Song , E. A. , Chu , E. , Ritsema , M. and Smith , B. 2007 . Ethnocultural variations in mental illness discourse: Some implications for building therapeutic alliances . Psychiatric Services , 58 : 1541 – 1546 .
  • Amaro , H. , Arevalo , S. , Gonzalez , G. , Szapocznik , J. and Iguchi , M. Y. 2006 . Needs and scientific opportunities for research on substance abuse treatments among Hispanic adults . Drug and Alcohol Dependence , 84S : S64 – S75 .
  • Amaro , H. , Whitaker , R. , Coffman , G. and Heeren , T. 1990 . Acculturation and marijuana and cocaine use: Findings from HHANES 1982–84 . American Journal of Public Health , 80 : 54 – 60 .
  • Amodeo , M. , Chassler , D. , Oettinger , C. , Labiosa , W. and Lundgren , L. 2008 . Client retention in residential drug treatment for Latinos . Evaluation and Program Planning , 31 ( 1 ) : 102 – 112 .
  • Andersen , S. and Berg , J. E. 2001 . The use of a sense of coherence test to predict drop-out and mortality after residential treatment of substance abuse . Addiction Research & Theory , 9 ( 3 ) : 239 – 251 .
  • Andrews , D. A. , Bonta , J. and Wormith , S. J. 2006 . The recent past and near future of risk and/or need assessment . Crime and Delinquency , 52 : 7 – 27 .
  • Añez , L. M. , Silva , M. A. , Paris , M. and Bedregal , L. E. 2008 . Engaging Latinos through the integration of cultural values and motivational interviewing principles . Professional Psychology: Research and Practice , 39 : 153 – 159 .
  • Anglin , M. , Longshore , D. and Turner , S. 1999 . Treatment alternatives to street crime: An evaluation of five programs . Criminal Justice and Behavior , 26 ( 2 ) : 168 – 195 .
  • Arroyo , J. A. , Miller , W. R. and Tonigan , J. S. 2003 . The influence of Hispanic ethnicity on long-term outcome in three alcohol treatment modalities . Journal of Studies on Alcohol , 64 : 98 – 104 .
  • Arroyo , J. A. , Westerberg , V. S. and Tonigan , J. S. 1998 . Comparison of treatment utilization and outcome for Hispanics and non-Hispanic Whites . Journal of Studies on Alcohol , 59 : 286 – 291 .
  • Atdjian , S. and Vega , W. A. 2005 . Disparities in mental health treatment in U.S. racial and ethnic minority groups: Implications for psychiatrists . Psychiatric Services , 56 : 1600 – 1602 .
  • Ball , S. A. , Carroll , K. A. , Canning-Ball , M. and Rounsaville , B. J. 2006 . Reasons for dropout from drug abuse treatment: Symptoms, personality, and motivation . Addictive Behaviors , 31 : 320 – 330 .
  • Bamatter , W. , Carroll , K. M. , Añez , L. M. , Paris , M. Jr. , Ball , S. A. , Nich , C. and Martino , S. 2010 . Informal discussions in substance abuse treatment sessions with Spanish-speaking clients . Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment , 39 : 353 – 363 . doi:10.1016/j.jsat.2010.07.005
  • Barber , J. , Luborsky , L. , Gallop , R. , Crits-Christoph , C. , Frank , A. , Weiss , R. and Siqueland , L. 2001 . Therapeutic alliance as a predictor of outcome and retention in the National Institute on Drug Abuse collaborative cocaine treatment study . Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology , 69 ( 1 ) : 119 – 124 .
  • Belding , M. , Iguchi , M. , Morral , A. and McLellan , A. 1997 . Assessing the helping alliance and its impact on the treatment of opiate dependence . Drug and Alcohol Dependence , 48 : 51 – 59 .
  • Berry , J. W. 2003 . “ Conceptual approaches to acculturation ” . In Acculturation: Advances in theory, measurement and applied research , Edited by: Chun , K. , Balls-Organista , P. and Marin , G. 17 – 37 . Washington , DC : American Psychological Association .
  • Berry , J. W. 2006 . Stress perspectives on acculturation. The Cambridge handbook of acculturation psychology , 43 – 57 . New York , NY : Cambridge University Press .
  • Blanchard , K. A. , Morgenstern , J. , Morgan , T. J. , Labouvie , E. and Bux , D. A. 2003 . Motivational subtypes and continuous measures of readiness for change: Concurrent and predictive validity . Psychology of Addictive Behavior , 17 : 56 – 65 .
  • Brecht , M. , von Mayrhauser , C. and Anglin , M. D. 2000 . Predictors of relapse after treatment for methamphetamine use . Journal of Psychoactive Drugs , 32 ( 2 ) : 211 – 220 .
  • Brocato , J. and Wagner , E. 2008 . Predictors of client retention in alternative to prison substance abuse programs . Criminal Justice & Behavior , 35 ( 1 ) : 99 – 119 .
  • Brunette , M. F. , Mueser , K. Y. and Drake , R. E. 2004 . A review of research on residential programs for people with severe mental illness and co-occurring substance use disorders . Drug Alcohol Review , 23 : 471 – 481 .
  • Burlew , A. K. , Feaster , D. , Brecht , M. and Hubbard , R. 2009 . Measurement and data analysis in research addressing health disparities in substance abuse . Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment , 36 ( 1 ) : 25 – 43 .
  • Butzin , C. A. , Martin , S. S. and Inciardi , J. A. 2002 . Evaluating component effects of a prison-based treatment continuum . Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment , 22 : 63 – 69 .
  • Cabassa , L. J. 2003 . Measuring acculturation: Where are we and where do we need to go? . Hispanic Journal of Behavioral Sciences , 25 : 127 – 146 .
  • Caetano , R. , Ramisetty-Mikler , S. and Rodriguez , L. A. 2008 . The Hispanic Americans Baseline Alcohol Survey (HABLAS): Rates and predictors of alcohol abuse and dependence across Hispanic national groups . Journal of Studies on Alcohol and Drug , 69 : 441 – 448 .
  • Cherpitel , C. J. and Borges , G. 2002 . Substance use among emergency room patients: An exploratory analysis by ethnicity and acculturation . American Journal of Drug and Alcohol Abuse , 28 : 287 – 305 .
  • Chiricos , T. , Barrick , K. , Bales , W. and Bontrager , S. 2007 . The labeling of convicted felons and its consequences for recidivism . Criminology , 45 : 547 – 581 .
  • Choi , S. and Ryan , J. 2006 . Completing substance abuse treatment in child welfare: The role of co-occurring problems and primary drug of choice . Child Maltreatment , 11 : 313 – 325 .
  • Cohen , J. and Cohen , P. 1983 . Applied multiple regression/correlation analysis for the behavioral sciences , Hillsdale , NJ : Erlbaum .
  • Connors , G. J. , Carroll , K. M. , DiClemente , C. C. , Longabough , R. and Donovan , D. M. 1997 . The therapeutic alliance and its relationship to alcoholism treatment participation and outcome . Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology , 65 : 588 – 598 .
  • Connors , G. J. , DiClemente , Derman , K. , Kadden , R. , Carroll , K. and Frone , M. 2000 . Predicting the therapeutic alliance in alcohol treatment . Journal of Studies on Alcohol , 61 : 139 – 149 .
  • Connors , N. , Grant , A. , Crone , C. and Whiteside-Mansell , L. 2006 . Substance abuse treatment for mothers: Treatment outcomes and the impact of length of stay . Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment , 31 : 447 – 456 .
  • Crits-Christoph , P. , Gallop , R. , Temes , C. M. , Woody , G. , Ball , S. A. , Martino , S. and Carroll , K. M. 2009 . The alliance in motivational enhancement therapy and counseling as usual for substance use problems . Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology , 77 : 1125 – 1135 . doi:10.1037/a0017045.2009-22711-011
  • Crits-Christoph , P. , Gibbons , M. B. C. , Hamilton , J. , Ring-Kurtz , S. and Gallop , R. 2011 . The dependability of alliance assessments: The alliance–outcome correlation is larger than you might think . Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology , 79 ( 3 ) : 267
  • Cuéllar , I. , Arnold , B. and Maldonado , R. 1995 . Acculturation Rating Scale for Mexican Americans-II: A revision of the original ARSMA Scale . Hispanic Journal of Behavioral Sciences , 17 ( 3 ) : 275 – 304 .
  • Cuéllar , I. , Harris , L. C. and Jasso , R. 1980 . An acculturation scale for Mexican American normal and clinical populations . Hispanic Journal of Behavioral Sciences , 2 : 199 – 217 .
  • D’Angelo , E. J. , Llerena-Quinn , R. , Shapiro , R. , Colon , F. , Rodriguez , P. , Gallagher , K. and Beardslee , W. R. 2009 . Adaptation of the preventive intervention program for depression for use with predominantly low-income Latino families . Family Process , 48 : 269 – 291 . doi:10.1111/j.1545-5300.2009.01281.x
  • De La Rosa , M. 2002 . Acculturation and Latino adolescents’ substance use: A research agenda for the future . Substance Use & Misuse , 37 : 429 – 456 .
  • De Leon , G. 2000 . The therapeutic community: Theory, model, and method , New York , NY : Springer .
  • De Leon , G. 2001 . A commentary on retention in substance dependence treatment: The relevance of in-treatment factors . Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment , 20 : 263 – 264 .
  • De Li , S. , Priu , H. and MacKenzie , D. L. 2000 . Drug involvement, lifestyles, and criminal activities among probationers . Journal of Drug Issues , 30 : 593 – 619 .
  • Deci , E. and Ryan , R. 1985 . Intrinsic motivation and self determination in human behavior , New York , NY : Plenum Press .
  • Doumas , D. M. , Blasey , C. M. and Thacker , C. L. 2005 . Attrition from alcohol and drug outpatient treatment: Psychological distress and interpersonal problems as indicators . Alcoholism Treatment Quarterly , 23 ( 4 ) : 55 – 67 . doi:10.1300/J020v23n04_04
  • Drieschnera , K. H. , Lammers , S. M. M. and van der Staak , C. P. F. 2004 . Treatment motivation: An attempt for clarification of an ambiguous concept . Clinical Psychology Review , 23 : 1115 – 1137 .
  • Evans , E. , Li , L. and Hser , Y. I. 2009 . Client and program factors associated with dropout from court mandated drug treatment . Evaluation Program Planning , 32 ( 3 ) : 204 – 212 .
  • Farabee , D. , Nelson , R. and Spence , R. 1993 . Psychosocial profiles of criminal justice and non-criminal justice referred substance abusers in treatment . Criminal Justice and Behavior , 20 : 336 – 346 .
  • Field , A. 2009 . Discovering statistics using SPSS for Windows , Thousand Oaks , CA : Sage .
  • Florida Department of Corrections . 2009 . Agency Statistics: Community Supervision Releases Retrieved from http://www.dc.state.fl.us/pub/annual/0809/stats/csr.html
  • Florsheim , P. , Shotorbani , S. , Guest-Warnick , G. , Barratt , T. and Hwang , W. 2000 . Role of the working alliance in the treatment of delinquent boys in community-based programs . Journal of Clinical Child Psychology , 29 : 94 – 107 .
  • French , M. T. , Fang , H. and Fretz , R. 2010 . Economic evaluation of a prerelease substance abuse treatment program for repeat criminal offenders . Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment , 38 : 31 – 41 .
  • Gil , A. G. , Wagner , E. F. and Tubman , J. G. 2004 . Culturally sensitive substance abuse intervention for Hispanic and African American adolescents: Empirical examples from the Alcohol Treatment Targeting Adolescents in Need (ATTAIN) Project . Addiction , 99 : 140 – 150 . doi:10.1111/j.1360-0443.2004. 00861.x
  • Girard , C. and Grenier , G. J. 2008 . Insulating an ideology: The enclave effect on South Florida's Cuban Americans . Hispanic Journal of Behavioral Sciences , 30 : 530 – 543 .
  • Glaze , L. and Bonczar , T. 2010 . Probation and parole in the United States, 2009 (Bureau of Justice Statistics Bulletin No. NCJ 231674). Retrieved from http://bjs.ojp.usdoj.gov/index.cfm?ty=pbdetail&iid=2233
  • González , H. M. , Haan , M. N. and Hinton , L. 2001 . Acculturation and the prevalence of depression in older Mexican Americans: Baseline results of the Sacramento Area Latino Study on Aging . Journal of the American Geriatrics Society , 49 : 948 – 953 . doi:10.1046/j.1532-5415.2001.49186.x
  • Gottheil , E. , Thornton , C. and Weinstein , S. P. 2002 . Effectiveness of high versus low structure individual counseling for substance abuse . American Journal on Addictions , 11 : 279 – 290 .
  • Grant , B. , Harford , T. , Dawson , D. , Chow , P. and Pickering , R. 1995 . The Alcohol Use Disorders and Associated Disabilities Interview Schedule (AUDADIS): Reliability of alcohol and drug modules in a general population sample . Drug Alcohol Dependency , 39 : 37 – 44 .
  • Grant , B. F. , Stinson , F. S. , Hasin , D. S. , Dawson , D. A. , Chou , S. P. and Anderson , K. 2004 . Immigration and lifetime prevalence of DSM-IV psychiatric disorders among Mexican Americans and non-Hispanic Whites in the United States: Results from the National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions . Archives of General Psychiatry , 61 : 1226 – 1233 .
  • Green , C. A. , Polen , M. R. , Dickinson , D. M. , Lynch , F. L. and Bennett , M. D. 2002 . Gender differences in predictors of initiation, retention, and completion in an HMO-based substance abuse treatment program . Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment , 23 ( 4 ) : 285 – 295 .
  • Haller , D. L. , Miles , D. R. and Dawson , K. S. 2002 . Psychopathology influences treatment retention among drug-dependent women . Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment , 23 : 431 – 436 .
  • Haller , W. and Landolt , P. 2005 . The transnational dimensions of identity formation: Adult children of immigrants in Miami . Ethnic and Racial Studies , 28 : 1182 – 1214 .
  • Harrell , A. and Roman , J. 2001 . Reducing drug use and crime among offenders: The impact of graduated sanctions . Journal of Drug Issues , 31 ( 1 ) : 207 – 232 .
  • Hellemann , G. , Conner , B. T. , Anglin , M. D. and Longshore , D. 2009 . Seeing the trees despite the forest: Applying recursive partitioning to the evaluation of drug treatment retention . Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment , 36 ( 1 ) : 59 – 64 .
  • Hersoug , A. G. , Hoglend , P. , Monsen , J. T. and Havik , O. E. 2001 . Quality of working alliance in psychotherapy: Therapist variables and patient/therapist similarity as predictors . Journal of Psychotherapy Practice and Research , 10 : 205 – 216 .
  • Hersoug , A. G. , Monsen , J. T. , Havik , O. E. and Hoglend , P. 2002 . Quality of early working alliance in psychotherapy: Diagnoses, relationship and intrapsychic variables as predictors . Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics , 71 : 18 – 27 .
  • Hiller , M. L. , Knight , K. , Leukefeld , C. and Simpson , D. D. 2002 . Motivation as a predictor of therapeutic engagement in mandated residential substance abuse treatment . Criminal Justice and Behavior , 29 ( 1 ) : 56 – 75 .
  • Hiller , M. L. , Knight , K. , Rao , S. R. and Simpson , D. D. 2002 . “ Assessing and evaluating mandated correctional substance-abuse treatment ” . In Treatment of drug offenders: Policies and issues , Edited by: Leukefeld , C. G. , Tims , F. M. and Farabee , D. 41 – 56 . New York , NY : Springer .
  • Horvath , A. and Greenberg , L. 1986 . “ The development of the working alliance inventory ” . In The psychotherapeutic process: A research handbook , Edited by: Greenberg , L. and Pinsof , W. 529 – 556 . New York , NY : Guilford Press .
  • Horvath , A. and Greenberg , L. 1989 . The development and validation of the Working Alliance Inventory . Journal of Counseling Psychology , 36 : 223 – 233 .
  • Hser , Y. I. , Evans , E. , Huang , D. and Anglin , D. M. 2004 . Relationship between drug treatment services, retention, and outcomes . Psychiatric Services , 55 : 767 – 774 .
  • Huey-Dye , M. , Ducharme , L. J. , Johnson , J. A. , Knudsen , H. K. and Roman , P. M. 2009 . Modified therapeutic communities and adherence to traditional elements . Journal of Psychoactive Drugs , 41 ( 3 ) : 275 – 283 .
  • Ilgen , M. A. , McKellar , J. , Moos , R. and Finney , J. W. 2006 . Therapeutic alliance and the relationship between motivation and treatment outcomes in patients with alcohol use disorder . Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment , 31 ( 2 ) : 157 – 162 . doi:10.1016/j.jsat.2006.04.001
  • Inciardi , J. A. , Surratt , H. L. , Martin , S. S. and Hooper , R. M. 2002 . “ The importance of aftercare in a corrections-based treatment continuum ” . In Clinical and policy responses to drug offenders , Edited by: Leukefeld , C. G. , Tims , F. M. and Farabee , D. 204 – 216 . New York , NY : Springer .
  • Joe , G. W. , Dansereau , D. F. , Pitre , U. and Simpson , D. D. 1997 . Effectiveness of node-link mapping enhanced counseling for opiate addicts: A 12-month posttreatment follow-up . The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease , 185 ( 5 ) : 306 – 313 .
  • Joe , G. W. , Simpson , D. D. and Broome , K. 1998 . Effects of readiness for drug abuse treatment on client retention and assessment of process . Addiction , 98 : 1177 – 1190 .
  • Joe , G. W. , Simpson , D. D. and Broome , K. 1999 . Retention and patient engagement models for different treatment modalities in DATOS . Drug and Alcohol Dependence , 57 : 113 – 125 .
  • Kang , S. Y. , Deren , S. , Mino , M. and Cortés , D. E. 2009 . Biculturality and HIV-risk behaviors among Puerto Rican drug users in New York city . Substance Use & Misuse , 44 : 578 – 592 .
  • Kasarabada , N. D. , Hser , Y. , Boles , S. M. and Huang , Y. 2002 . Do patients’ perceptions of their counselors influence outcomes of drug treatment? . Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment , 23 : 327 – 334 .
  • Katz , E. C. , Brown , B. S. , Schwartz , R. P. , Weintraub , E. , Barksdale , W. and Robinson , R. 2004 . Role induction: A method for enhancing early retention in outpatient drug-free treatment . Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology , 72 ( 2 ) : 227 – 234 .
  • Keesing , R. M. and Strathern , A. 1997 . Cultural anthropology: A contemporary perspective (3rd ed.) , Belmont , CA : Wadsworth .
  • King , A. C. and Canada , S. A. 2004 . Client-related predictors of early treatment dropout in a substance abuse clinic exclusively employing individual therapy . Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment , 26 : 189 – 195 .
  • Knight , K. , Hiller , M. , Broome , K. and Simpson , D. 2000 . Legal pressure, treatment readiness, and engagement in long-term residential treatment programs . Journal of Offender Rehabilitation , 31 ( 1–2 ) : 101 – 115 .
  • Knight , D. , Logan , S. and Simpson , D. 2001 . Predictors of program completion for women in residential substance abuse treatment . Journal of Drug and Alcohol Abuse , 27 ( 1 ) : 1 – 12 .
  • Lang , M. A. and Belenko , S. 2000 . Predicting retention in a residential drug treatment alternative to prison program . Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment , 19 : 145 – 160 .
  • Lattimore , P. K. , Krebs , C. P. , Koetse , W. , Lindquist , C. and Cowell , A. J. 2005 . Predicting the effect of substance abuse treatment on probationer recidivism . Journal of Experimental Criminology , 1 : 159 – 189 .
  • Longshore , D. , Hsieh , S. , Anglin , M. D. and Annon , T. 1992 . Ethnic patterns in drug abuse treatment utilization . Journal of Mental Health Administration , 19 : 268 – 277 .
  • Longshore , D. 1997 . Treatment motivation among Mexican American drug-using arrestees . Hispanic Journal of Behavioral Sciences , 19 ( 2 ) : 214 – 229 .
  • Longshore , D. and Teruya , C. 2006 . Treatment motivation in drug users: A theory-based analysis . Drug and Alcohol Dependence , 81 ( 2 ) : 179 – 188 . doi:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2005.06.011
  • Lopez , M. H. and Light , M. T. 2009 . A rising share: Hispanics and federal crime , Washington, DC : Pew Hispanic Center . Retrieved from http://pewhispanic.org/files/reports/104.pdf
  • Maglione , M. , Chao , B. and Anglin , D. 2000 . Residential treatment of methamphetamine users: Correlates of drop-out from the California Alcohol and Drug Data System (CADDS), 1994–1997 . Addiction Research , 8 : 65 – 79 .
  • Magura , S. , Staines , G. , Kosanke , N. , Rosenblum , A. , Foote , J. , Deluca , A. and Bali , P. 2003 . Predictive validity of the ASAM patient placement criteria for naturalistically matched vs. mismatched alcoholism patients . American Journal on Addictions , 12 : 386 – 397 .
  • Mateyoke-Scrivner , A. , Webster , J. M. , Staton , M. and Leukefeld , C. 2004 . Treatment retention predictors of drug court participants in a rural state . American Journal of Drug Alcohol Abuse , 30 : 605 – 625 .
  • McCaul , M. E. , Svikis , D. S. and Moore , R. D. 2001 . Predictors of outpatient treatment retention: Patient versus substance use characteristics . Drug and Alcohol Dependence , 62 : 9 – 17 .
  • McLellan , A. T. , Grissom , G. R. , Zanis , D. A. , Randall , M. , Brill , P. and O’Brien , C. P. 1997 . Problem-service matching in addiction treatment: A prospective study in 4 programs . Archives of General Psychiatry , 54 : 730 – 735 .
  • McLellan , A. T. , Lewis , D. C. , O’Brien , C. P. and Kleber , H. D. 2000 . Drug dependence, a chronic medical illness: Implications for treatment, insurance, and outcomes evaluation . Journal of the American Medical Association , 284 : 1689 – 1695 .
  • McMurran , M. 2009 . Motivational interviewing with offenders: A systematic review . Legal and Criminological Psychology , 14 : 83 – 100 .
  • Meier , P. S. , Barrowclough , C. and Donmall , M. C. 2005 . The role of the therapeutic alliance in the treatment of substance misuse: A critical review of the literature . Addiction , 100 : 304 – 316 .
  • Melnick , G. , De Leon , G. , Hawke , J. , Jainchill , N. and Kressel , D. 1997 . Motivation and readiness for therapeutic community treatment among adolescent and adult substance abusers . American Journal of Alcohol and Drug Abuse , 23 : 485 – 506 .
  • Mertens , J. R. and Weisner , C. M. 2000 . Predictors of substance abuse treatment retention among women and men in an HMO . Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research , 24 : 1525 – 1533 .
  • Messina , N. , Wish , E. and Nemes , S. 2000 . Predictors of treatment outcomes in men and women admitted to a therapeutic community . American Journal of Drug and Alcohol Abuse , 26 ( 2 ) : 207 – 227 .
  • Miller , W. and Tonigan , J. 1996 . Assessing drinkers’ motivation for change: The Stages of Change Readiness and Treatment Eagerness Scale (SOCRATES) . Psychology of Addictive Behaviors , 10 ( 2 ) : 81 – 89 .
  • Miranda , J. , McGuire , T. , Williams , D. and Wang , P. 2008 . Mental health in the context of health disparities . American Journal of Psychiatry , 165 : 1102 – 1108 .
  • Nakagwa , S. 2004 . A farewell to Bonferroni: The problems of low statistical power and publication bias . Behavioral Ecology , 15 : 1044 – 1045 .
  • National Center on Addiction and Substance Abuse at Columbia University . 2010 . Behind bars II: Substance abuse and America's prison population , New York , NY : Author .
  • Nielsen , A. and Scarpitti , F. 2002 . Predicting retention in a therapeutic community for incarcerated substance abusers . Journal of Offender Rehabilitation , 34 ( 3 ) : 47 – 65 .
  • Niv , N. and Hser , Y. 2006 . Drug treatment service utilization and outcomes for Hispanic and White methamphetamine abusers . Health Services Research , 41 : 1242 – 1257 .
  • Olson , D. E. , Alderden , M. and Lurigio , A. 2003 . Men are from Mars, women are from Venus: But what role does gender play in probationer recidivism? . Justice Research and Policy , 5 ( 2 ) : 33 – 54 .
  • Olson , D. E. and Lurigio , A. 2000 . Predicting probation outcomes: Factors associated with probation rearrest, revocations, and technical violations during supervision . Justice Research and Policy , 2 ( 1 ) : 73 – 86 .
  • Ortega , A. N. , Rosenheck , R. , Alegria , M. and Desai , R. A. 2000 . Acculturation and the lifetime risk of psychiatric and substance use disorders among Hispanics . Journal of Nervous & Mental Disease , 188 : 728 – 735 .
  • Palmer , R. S. , Murphy , M. K. , Piselli , A. and Ball , S. A. 2009 . Substance user treatment drop-out from client and clinician perspectives: A pilot study . Substance Use & Misuse , 44 : 1021 – 1038 .
  • Pedhazur , E. and Schmelkin , L. 1991 . Measurement and analysis: An integrated approach , Hillsdale , NY : Lawrence Erlbaum Associates Publishing .
  • Polcin , D. L. and Beattie , M. 2007 . Relationship and institutional pressure to enter treatment: Differences by demographics, problem severity, and motivation . Journal of Studies on Alcohol and Drugs , 68 : 428 – 436 .
  • Portes , A. , Fernandez-Kelly , P. and Haller , W. 2005 . Segmented assimilation on the ground: The new second generation in early adulthood . Ethnic and Racial Studies , 28 : 1000 – 1040 .
  • Portes , A. and Zhou , M. 1993 . The new second generation: Segmented assimilation and its variants . Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science , 530 ( 1 ) : 74 – 96 .
  • Prendergast , M. 2009 . Interventions to encourage successful re-entry among drug-abusing parolees . Addiction Science & Clinical Practice , 5 ( 1 ) : 4 – 13 . doi:10.1151/ascp09514
  • Prendergast , M. , Greenwell , L. , Farabee , D. and Hser , Y. I. 2009 . Influence of perceived coercion and motivation on treatment completion and re-arrest among substance-abusing offenders . The Journal of Behavioral Health Services and Research , 36 ( 2 ) : 159
  • Primm , A. B. , Osher , F. C. and Gomez , M. B. 2005 . Race and ethnicity, mental health services and cultural competence in the criminal justice system: Are we ready to change? . Community Mental Health Journal , 41 : 557 – 569 .
  • Rawson , R. , Huber , A. , Brethen , P. , Obert , J. , Gulati , V. , Shoptaw , S. and Ling , W. 2000 . Methamphetamine and cocaine users: Differences in characteristics and treatment retention . Journal of Psychoactive Drugs , 32 : 233 – 238 .
  • Reinarman , C. 2005 . Addiction as accomplishment: The discursive construction of disease . Addiction Research & Theory , 13 ( 4 ) : 307 – 320 .
  • Rempel , M. and Destefano , C. D. 2002 . Predictors of engagement in court-mandated treatment: Findings at the Brooklyn Treatment Court, 1996–2000 . Journal of Offender Rehabilitation , 33 ( 4 ) : 87 – 124 .
  • Ross , E. C. , Polaschek , D. L. L. and Ward , T. 2008 . The therapeutic alliance: A theoretical revision for offender rehabilitation . Aggression and Violent Behavior , 13 : 462 – 480 .
  • Rumbaut , R. G. 2005 . Turning points in the transition to adulthood: Determinants of educational attainment, incarceration, and early childbearing among children of immigrants . Ethnic and Racial Studies , 28 : 1041 – 1086 .
  • Sam , D. L. and Berry , J. W. 2010 . Acculturation . Perspectives on Psychological Science , 5 : 472 – 481 . doi:10.1177/1745691610373075
  • Sheeran , P. , Webb , T. L. and Gollwitzer , P. M. 2005 . The interplay between goal intentions and implementation intentions . Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin , 31 : 87 – 98 .
  • Shen , W. , McLellan , A. T. and Merrill , J. C. 2000 . Client's perceived need for treatment and its impact on outcome . Substance Abuse , 21 ( 3 ) : 179 – 192 .
  • Sia , T. L. , Dansereau , D. F. and Czuchry , M. L. 2000 . Treatment readiness training and probationers' evaluation of substance abuse treatment in a criminal justice setting . Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment , 19 ( 4 ) : 459 – 467 .
  • Simoni-Youtz , L. , Arroyo , J. A. , Miller , W. R. and Tonigan , J. S. 2000 . Correlates of acculturation among Hispanics in alcohol treatment . Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research , 24 ( 5, Supplement ) : 108A (Abstract)
  • Simpson , D. D. 2003 . A systems approach to assessing and improving drug treatment . “From Science to Services: Effective Practices for Substance Abuse Treatment”. The 65th Annual Scientific Meeting of the College on Problems of Drug Dependence (CPDD), Bal Harbor, FL.
  • Simpson , D. D. and Flynn , P. M. 2008 . “ Drug Abuse Treatment Outcome Studies (DATOS): A national evaluation of treatment effectiveness ” . In Encyclopedia of substance abuse prevention, treatment, and recovery , Edited by: Fisher , G. and Roget , N. 303 – 307 . Thousand Oaks , CA : Sage .
  • Simpson , D. and Joe , G. 1993 . Motivation as a predictor of early dropout from drug abuse treatment . Psychotherapy , 30 : 357 – 368 .
  • Simpson , D. and Joe , G. 2004 . A longitudinal evaluation of treatment engagement and recovery stages . Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment , 27 : 89 – 97 .
  • Sinha , R. , Easton , C. and Kemp , K. 2003 . Substance abuse treatment characteristics of probation-referred young adults in a community-based outpatient program . American Journal of Drug and Alcohol Abuse , 29 : 585 – 597 .
  • Sobell , L. C. and Sobell , M. B. 1992 . “ Timeline Follow Back: A technique for assessing self-reported alcohol consumption ” . In Measuring alcohol consumption: Psychosocial and biological methods , Edited by: Litten , R. Z. and Allen , J. 41 – 72 . Totowa , NJ : Humana Press .
  • Sobell , L. C. and Sobell , M. B. 2001 . DSM-IV Checklist . (Guided Self-Change Clinic at Nova Center for Psychological Studies, Nova Southeastern University, 3301 College Avenue, Ft. Lauderdale, FL 33314 USA)
  • Spohn , C. and DeLone , M. 2000 . When does race matter? An analysis of the conditions under which race affects sentence severity . Sociology of Crime, Law, and Deviance , 2 : 3 – 37 .
  • Steffensmeier , D. and Demuth , S. 2000 . Ethnicity and sentencing outcomes in U.S. federal courts: Who is punished more harshly? . American Sociological Review , 65 : 705 – 729 .
  • Steffensmeier , D. and Demuth , S. 2001 . Ethnicity and judges’ sentencing decisions: Hispanic-Black-White comparisons . Criminology , 39 ( 1 ) : 145 – 178 .
  • Stepick , A. , Grenier , G. , Castro , M. and Dunn , M. 2003 . This land is our land: Immigrants and power in Miami , Berkeley , , CA : University of California Press .
  • Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration, Office of Applied Studies . 2009a . The NSDUH report: Substance use treatment need and receipt among Hispanics , Rockville , MD : Author .
  • Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration, Office of Applied Studies . 2009b . The TEDS report: Predictors of substance abuse treatment completion or transfer to further treatment, by service type , Rockville , MD : Author .
  • Sue , S. , Zane , N. and Young , K. 1994 . “ Research on psychotherapy with culturally diverse populations ” . In Handbook of psychotherapy and behavior change , Edited by: Bergin , A. E. and Garfield , S. L. 783 – 817 . New York , NY : Wiley .
  • Tatman , A. W. and Love , K. M. 2010 . An offender version of the Working Alliance Inventory-Short Revised . Journal of Offender Rehabilitation , 49 : 165 – 179 . doi:10.1080/10509671003666560
  • Treatment Episode Data Set – Admissions (TEDS-A) . 2008 . United States Department of Health and Human Services. Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration. Office of Applied Studies. ICPSR27241-v4. Ann Arbor, MI: Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research [distributor], 2012-07-18. doi:10.3886/ICPSR27241.v4. http://dx.doi.org/10.3886/ICPSR27241.v4
  • Turner , R. J. , Lloyd , D. A. and Taylor , J. 2006 . Stress burden, drug dependence and the nativity paradox among U.S. Hispanics . Drug and Alcohol Dependence , 83 : 79 – 89 .
  • UCLA Integrated Substance Abuse Programs . 2006 . Evaluation of the Substance Abuse and Crime Prevention Act: 2005 report , Los Angeles , CA : Author .
  • Urbanoski , K. A. 2010 . Coerced addiction treatment: Client perspectives and the implications of their neglect . Harm Reduction Journal , 7 ( 13 ) : 1 – 10 . doi:10.1186/1477-7517-7-13
  • Veach , L. , Remley , T. , Kippers , S. and Sorg , J. 2000 . Retention predictors related to intensive outpatient programs for substance use disorders . American Journal of Drug and Alcohol Abuse , 26 : 417 – 428 .
  • Vega , W. A. 2005 . Higher stakes ahead for cultural competence . General Hospital Psychiatry , 27 : 446 – 450 . doi:10.1016/j.genhosppsych.2005.06.007
  • Vega , W. and Gil , A. 1998 . Drug use and ethnicity in early adolescence , New York , NY : Plenum Press .
  • Vega , W. A. , Kolody , B. , Hwang , J. , Noble , A. and Porter , P. A. 1997 . Perinatal drug use among immigrant and native born Latinas . International Journal of the Addictions , 32 : 43 – 60 .
  • Waidmann , T. A. and Rajan , S. 2000 . Race and ethnic disparities in health care access and utilization: An examination of state variation . Medical Care Research and Review , 57 ( 4 ) : 55 – 84 . doi:10.1177/1077558700574004
  • Warren , J. 2008 . One in 100: Behind bars in America 2008 , Washington , DC : Pew Charitable Trusts . Retrieved from http://www.pewcenteronthestates.org/report_detail.aspx?id=35904
  • Waters , M. C. , Tran , V. C. , Kasinitz , P. and Mollenkopf , J. H. 2010 . Segmented assimilation: Revisited types of acculturation and socioeconomic mobility . Ethnic and Racial Studies , 33 : 1168 – 1193 .
  • Wells , K. , Klap , R. , Koike , A. and Sherbourne , C. 2001 . Ethnic disparities in unmet need for alcoholism, drug abuse, and mental health care . American Journal of Psychiatry , 158 : 2027 – 2032 .
  • White , W. 2009 . Executive summary: Recovery management and recovery-oriented systems of care: Scientific rationale and promising practices . Counselor , 10 ( 1 ) : 24 – 32 .
  • Zanis , D. A. , Coviello , D. M. , Lloyd , J. J. and Nazar , B. L. 2009 . Predictors of drug treatment completion among parole violators Retrieved from http://www.thefreelibrary.com/Predictors of drug treatment completion among parole violators.-a0208534966
  • Zanis , D. A. , Mulvaney , F. , Coviello , D. , Alterman , A. I. , Savitz , B. and Thompson , W. 2003 . The effectiveness of early parole to substance abuse treatment facilities on 24-month criminal recidivism . Journal of Drug Issues , 33 ( 1 ) : 223 – 235 .
  • Zemore , S. E. , Mulia , N. , Ye , Y. , Borges , G. and Greenfield , T. K. 2009 . Gender, acculturation, and other barriers to alcohol treatment utilization among Latinos in three national alcohol surveys . Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment , 36 ( 4 ) : 446 – 456 .
  • Zhang , Z. , Friedmann , P. D. and Gerstein , D. R. 2003 . Does retention matter? Treatment duration and improvement in drug use . Addiction , 98 : 673 – 684 .
  • Zywiak , W. , Longabaugh , R. and Wirtz , P. W. 2002 . Manual for the administration of the Brief Important People Interview (Available from the Decision Science Institute, Pacific Institute for Research & Evaluation 120 Wayland Avenue, Providence, RI 02906)
  • Zywiak , W. , Neighbors , C. J. , Martin , R. A. , Johnson , J. E. , Eaton , C. A. and Rohsenow , D. J. 2009 . The Important People Drug and Alcohol interview: Psychometric properties, predictive validity, and implications for treatment . Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment , 36 : 321 – 330 .

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.