Co-targeting p53-R249S and CDK4 synergistically suppresses survival of hepatocellular carcinoma cells

References

• The Cancer Genome Atlas Research Network. Comprehensive and integrative genomic characterization of hepatocellular carcinoma. Cell. 2017;169:1327–1341.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Aghemo A, Colombo M. Hepatocellular carcinoma in chronic hepatitis C: from bench to bedside. Semin Immunopathol. 2013;35:111–120.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sangiovanni A, Del Ninno E, Fasani P, De Fazio C, Ronchi G, Romeo R, Morabito A, De Franchis R, Colombo M. Increased survival of cirrhotic patients with a hepatocellular carcinoma detected during surveillance. Gastroenterol. 2004;126:1005–1014.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cheng P, Cheng Y, Su MX, Li D, Zhao GZ, Gao H, Li Y, Zhu JY, Li H, Zhang T. Bicluster and pathway enrichment analysis of HCV-induced cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Asian Pac J Canc Prev. 2012;13:3741–3745.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Parkin DM, Bray F, Ferlay J, Pisani P. Global cancer statistics, 2002. CA Cancer J Clin. 2005;55:74–108.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mori M, Hara M, Wada I, Hara T, Yamamoto K, Honda M, Naramoto J. Prospective study of hepatitis B and C viral infections, cigarette smoking, alcohol consumption, and other factors associated with hepatocellular carcinoma risk in Japan. Am J Epidemiol. 2000;151:131–139.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Levrero M. Viral hepatitis and liver cancer: the case of hepatitis C. Oncogene. 2006;25:3834–3847.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yang JD, Roberts LR. Hepatocellular carcinoma: a global view. Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2010;7:448–458.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dutta R, Mahato RI. Recent advances in hepatocellular carcinoma therapy. Pharmacol Ther. 2017;173:106–117.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Llovet JM, Montal R, Sia D, Finn RS. Molecular therapies and precision medicine for hepatocellular carcinoma. Nat Rev Clin Oncol. 2018;15:599–616.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Llovet JM, Bruix J. Molecular targeted therapies in hepatocellular carcinoma. Hepatology. 2008;48:1312–1327.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Terashima T, Yamashita T, Toyama T, Arai K, Kawaguchi K, Kitamura K, Yamashita T, Sakai Y, Mizukoshi E, Honda M, et al. 2018. Surrogacy of time to progression for overall survival in advanced hepatocellular carcinoma treated with systemic therapy: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Liver Cancer. DOI:10.1159/000489505
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bruix J, Qin S, Merle P, Granito A, Huang YH, Bodoky G, Pracht M, Yokosuka O, Rosmorduc O, Breder V, et al. Resource Investigators. Regorafenib for patients with hepatocellular carcinoma who progressed on sorafenib treatment (RESORCE): a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 3 trial. Lancet. 2017;389:56–66.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vogelstein B, Kinzler KW. Cancer genes and the pathways they control. Nat Med. 2004;10:789–799.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jones PA, Baylin SB. The fundamental role of epigenetic events in cancer. Nat Rev Genet. 2002;3:415–428.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ozen C, Yildiz G, Dagcan AT, Cevik D, Ors A, Keles U, Topel H, Ozturk M. Genetics and epigenetics of liver cancer. New Biotechnol. 2013;30:381–384.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gouas D, Shi H, Hainaut P. The aflatoxin-induced TP53 mutation at codon 249 (R249S): biomarker of exposure, early detection and target for therapy. Cancer Lett. 2009;286:29–37.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Szymańska K, Hainaut P. TP53 and mutations in human cancer. Acta Biochimica Polonica. 2003;50:231–238.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Szymańska K, Lesi OA, Kirk GD, Sam O, Taniere P, Scoazec JY, Mendy M, Friesen MD, Whittle H, Montesano R, et al. Ser-249TP53 mutation in tumour and plasma DNA of hepatocellular carcinoma patients from a high incidence area in the Gambia, West Africa. Int J Cancer. 2004;110:374–379.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Di Agostino S, Strano S, Emiliozzi V, Zerbini V, Mottolese M, Sacchi A, Blandino G, Piaggio G. Gain of function of mutant p53: the mutant p53/NF-Y protein complex reveals an aberrant transcriptional mechanism of cell cycle regulation. Cancer Cell. 2006;10:191–202.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Liao P, Zeng SX, Zhou X, Chen TJ, Zhou F, Cao B, Jung JH, Del Sal G, Luo SW, Lu H. Mutant p53 gains its function via c-Myc activation upon CDK4 phosphorylation at serine 249 and consequent PIN1 binding. Mol Cell. 2017;68:1134–1146.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wang H, Liao P, Zeng SX, Lu H. 2019. It takes a team: a gain-of-function story of p53-R249S. J Mol Cell Biol. 2019;11:277–283.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Asghar U, Witkiewicz AK, Turner NC, Knudsen ES. The history and future of targeting cyclin-dependent kinases in cancer therapy. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2015;14:130–146.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sherr CJ, Beach D, Shapiro GI. Targeting CDK4 and CDK6: from discovery to therapy. Cancer Discov. 2016;6:353–367.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Finn RS, Crown JP, Lang I, Boer K, Bondarenko IM, Kulyk SO, Ettl J, Patel R, Pinter T, Schmidt M, et al. The cyclin-dependent kinase 4/6 inhibitor palbociclib in combination with letrozole versus letrozole alone as first-line treatment of oestrogen receptor-positive, HER2-negative, advanced breast cancer (PALOMA-1/TRIO-18): a randomised phase 2 study. Lancet Oncol. 2015;16:25–35.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Turner NC, Ro J, André F, Loi S, Verma S, Iwata H, Harbeck N, Loibl S, Huang Bartlett C, Zhang K, et al. Palbociclib in hormone-receptor-positive advanced breast cancer. N Engl J Med. 2015;373:209–219.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bollard J, Miguela V, Ruiz de Galarreta M, Venkatesh A, Bian CB, Roberto MP, Tovar V, Sia D, Molina-Sánchez P, Nguyen CB, et al. Palbociclib (PD-0332991), a selective CDK4/6 inhibitor, restricts tumour growth in preclinical models of hepatocellular carcinoma. Gut. 2017;66:1286–1296.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rippin TM, Bykov VJ, Freund SM, Selivanova G, Wiman KG, Fersht AR. Characterization of the p53-rescue drug cp-31398 in vitro and in living cells. Oncogene. 2002;21:2119–2129.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Foster BA, Coffey HA, Morin MJ, Rastinejad F. Pharmacological rescue of mutant p53 conformation and function. Science. 1999;286:2507–2510.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Demma MJ, Wong S, Maxwell E, Dasmahapatra B. Cp-31398 restores DNA-binding activity to mutant p53 in vitro but does not affect p53 homologs p63 and p73. J Biol Chem. 2004;279:45887–45896.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Takimoto R, Wang W, Dicker DT, Rastinejad F, Lyssikatos J, El-Deiry WS. The mutant p53-conformation modifying drug, CP-31398, can induce apoptosis of human cancer cells and can stabilize wild-type p53 protein. Cancer Biol Ther. 2002;1:47–55.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhu H, Huang M, Ren D, He J, Zhao F, Yi C, Huang Y. 2013. The synergistic effects of low dose fluorouracil and TRAIL on TRAIL-resistant human gastric adenocarcinoma AGS cells. Biomed Res Int. 2013:293874. doi:10.1155/2013/293874.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Wu J, Li X, Fang H, Yi Y, Chen D, Long Y, Gao X, Wei X, Chen CY. 2016. Investigation of synergistic mechanism and identification of interaction site of aldose reductase with the combination of gigantol and syringic acid for prevention of diabetic cataract. BMC Complement Altern Med. 16:286. doi:10.1186/s12906-016-1251-5.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Liu Y, Maccarini P, Palmer GM, Etienne W, Zhao Y, Lee CT, Ma X, Inman BA, Vo-Dinh T. 2017. Synergistic immuno photothermal nanotherapy (SYMPHONY) for the treatment of unresectable and metastatic cancers. Sci Rep. 7:8606. doi:10.1038/s41598-017-09116-1.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bouchard C, Staller P, Eilers M. Control of cell proliferation by Myc. Trends Cell Biol. 1998;8:202–206.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Takahashi K, Yamanaka S. Induction of pluripotent stem cells from mouse embryonic and adult fibroblast cultures by defined factors. Cell. 2006;126:663–676.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gordan JD, Thompson CB, Simon MC. HIF and c-Myc: sibling rivals for control of cancer cell metabolism and proliferation. Cancer Cell. 2007;12:108–113.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kim J, Woo AJ, Chu J, Snow JW, Fujiwara Y, Kim CG, Cantor AB, Orkin SH. A Myc network accounts for similarities between embryonic stem and cancer cell transcription programs. Cell. 2010;143:313–324.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Grandori C, Gomez-Roman N, Felton-Edkins ZA, Ngouenet C, Galloway DA, Eisenman RN, White RJ. c-Myc binds to human ribosomal DNA and stimulates transcription of rRNA genes by RNA polymerase I. Nat Cell Biol. 2005;7:311–318.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dang CV. MYC on the path to cancer. Cell. 2012;149:22–35.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lee CW, La Thangue NB. Promoter specificity and stability control of the p53-related protein p73. Oncogene. 1999;18:4171–4181.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yang A, Kaghad M, Wang Y, Gillett E, Fleming MD, Dötsch V, Andrews NC, Caput D, McKeon F. p63, a p53 homolog at 3q27-29, encodes multiple products with transactivating, death-inducing, and dominant-negative activities. Mol Cell. 1998;2:305–316.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fitzmaurice C. Global, regional, and national cancer incidence, mortality, years of life lost, years lived with disability, and disability-adjusted life-years for 32 cancer groups, 1990 to 2015: a systematic analysis for the global burden of disease study. JAMA Oncol. 2017;3:524–548.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mittal S, El-Serag HB. Epidemiology of HCC: consider the population. J Clin Gastroenterol. 2013;47:S2–S6.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• El-Serag HB. Epidemiology of viral hepatitis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Gastroenterology. 2012;142:1264–1273.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Murphy CG, Dickler MN. The role of CDK4/6 inhibition in breast cancer. Oncologist. 2015;20:483–490.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bykov VJ, Wiman KG. Mutant p53 reactivation by small molecules makes its way to the clinic. FEBS Lett. 2014;588:2622–2627.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar