REFERENCES
- Choi , J. K. , Lim , J. K. ( 1993 ). Simple curved shear beam elements . Communications in Numerical Methods in Engineering 9 : 659 – 669 .
- Choi , J. K. , Lim , J. K. ( 1995 ). General curved beam elements based on the assumed strain fields . Computers and Structures 55 : 379 – 386 .
- Dabrowski , R. ( 1968 ). Curved Thin-Walled Girders . (Translated from the German.) Cement and concrete association .
- Fam , A. R. M. , Turkstra , C. (1976). Model study of horizontally curved box girder. Journal of the Structural Division ASCE 102:1097–1108.
- Heins , C. P. ( 1975 ). Bending and Torsional Design in Structural Members . D.C. Health and Company , Lexington , MA , USA .
- Kim , J. G. , Park , Y. K. ( 2006 ). Hybrid-mixed curved beam elements with increased degrees of freedom for static and vibration analyses . International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 68 : 690 – 706 .
- Kim , K. Y. , Kim , N. I. , Kim , S. B. ( 2005 ). Spatial stability of shear deformable curved beams with non-symmetric thin-walled sections II: F.E. solutions and parametric study . Computers and Structures 83 : 2542 – 2558 .
- Kim , N. I. ( 2003 ). Spatial Stability and Free Vibration Analysis of Shear Deformable Thin-Walled Curved Beams. Ph.D. thesis, SungKyunKwan University .
- Lee , H. C. , Kim , J. G. ( 2005 ). A new hybrid-mixed composite laminated curved beam element . Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology 19 : 811 – 819 .
- Prathap , G. ( 1985 ). The curved beam/deep arch/finite ring element revisited . International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 21 : 389 – 407 .
- Prathap , G. , Bhashyam , G. ( 1982 ). Reduced integration and the shear-flexible beam element . International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 18 : 195 – 210 .
- Prathap , G. , Babu , C. R. ( 1986 ). An isoparametric quadratic thick curved beam element . International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 23 : 1583 – 1600 .
- Prathap , G. , Shashirekha , B. R. ( 1993 ). Variationally correct assumed strain field for the simple curved beam element . Computers and Structures 47 : 1071 – 1073 .
- Saleeb , A. F. , Chang , T. Y. , Graf , W. , Yingyeunyoung , S. ( 1990 ). A hybrid/mixed model for nonlinear shell analysis and its applications to large-rotation problems . International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 29 : 407 – 446 .
- SAP 2000 NonLinear Version 6.11 ( 1995 ). Integrated Finite Element Analysis and Design of Structures . Berkeley , California : Computers and Structures, Inc .
- Sloboda , A. , Honarmandi , P. ( 2007 ). Generalized elasticity method for curved beam stress analysis: analytical and numerical comparisions for a lifting hook . Mechanics Based Design of Structures and Machines 35 : 319 – 332 .
- Tauchert , T. R. ( 1974 ). Energy Principles in Structural Mechanics . Tokyo : McGraw-Hill Kogakusha Ltd .
- Vlasov , V. Z. ( 1961 ). Thin-Walled Elastic Beams. , 2nd ed. Washington , DC : National Science Foundation .
- Wang , D. , Chen , J. S. ( 2006 ). A locking-free meshless curved beam formulation with the stabilized conforming nodal integration . Computational Mechanics 39 : 83 – 90 .
- #Communicated by G. Hulbert.