References
- Vogelmeier CF , Criner GJ , Martinez FJ , et al. Global strategy for the diagnosis, management, and prevention of chronic obstructive lung disease 2017 report. GOLD executive summary. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2017;195(5):557–582. DOI:10.1164/rccm.201701-0218PP
- World Health Organization . The top 10 causes of death. 2018. May 24 [2019, October 15]. Available from: https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/the-top-10-causes-of-death.
- Tkac J , Man SF , Sin DD . Systemic consequences of COPD. Ther Adv Respir Dis. 2007;1(1):47–59. DOI:10.1177/1753465807082374
- Maltais F , Decramer M , Casaburi R , et al. An official American Thoracic Society/European Respiratory Society statement: update on limb muscle dysfunction in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2014;189(9):e15–e62. DOI:10.1164/rccm.201402-0373ST
- Robles PG , Mathur S , Janaudis-Fereira T , et al. Measurement of peripheral muscle strength in individuals with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a systematic review. J Cardiopulm Rehabil Prev. 2011;31(1):11–24. DOI:10.1097/HCR.0b013e3181ebf302
- Marino DM , Marrara KT , Ike D , et al. Study of peripheral muscle strength and severity indexes in individuals with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Physiother Res Int. 2010;15(3):135–143. DOI:10.1002/pri.454
- Martinez CH , Diaz AA , Meldrum CA , et al. Handgrip strength in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Associations with acute exacerbations and body composition. Ann Am Thorac Soc. 2017;14(11):1638–1645. DOI:10.1513/AnnalsATS.201610-821OC
- Wu ZY , Han YX , Niu ME , et al. Handgrip strength is associated with dyspnoea and functional exercise capacity in male patients with stable COPD. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis. 2019;23(4):428–432. DOI:10.5588/ijtld.18.0269
- Felipe C , Bartolome C , Miguel D , et al. Longitudinal changes in handgrip strength, hyperinflation, and 6-minute walk distance in patients with COPD and a control group. Chest. 2015;148(4):986–994. DOI:10.1378/chest.14-2878
- Kaymaz D , Candemir IC , Ergun P , et al. Relation between upper-limb muscle strength with exercise capacity, quality of life and dyspnea in patients with severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Clin Respir J. 2018;12(3):1257–1263. DOI:10.1111/crj.12659
- Puhan MA , Siebeling L , Zoller M , et al. Simple functional performance tests and mortality in COPD. Eur Respir J. 2013;42(4):956–963. DOI:10.1183/09031936.00131612
- O’Shea SD , Taylor NF , Paratz JD . Measuring muscle strength for people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: retest reliability of hand-held dynamometry. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2007;88(1):32–36. DOI:10.1016/j.apmr.2006.10.002
- O’Shea SD , Taylor NF , Paratz JD . A predominantly home-based progressive resistance exercise program increases knee extensor strength in the short-term in people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a randomised controlled trial. Aust J Physiother. 2007;53(4):229–237. DOI:10.1016/S0004-9514(07)70003-X
- Janaudis-Ferreira T , Hill K , Goldstein RS , et al. Resistance arm training in patients with COPD: a randomized controlled trial. Chest. 2011;139(1):151–158. DOI:10.1378/chest.10-1292
- Burtin C , Ter Riet G , Puhan MA , et al. Handgrip weakness and mortality risk in COPD: a multicentre analysis. Thorax. 2016;71(1):86–87. DOI:10.1136/thoraxjnl-2015-207451
- Leong DP , Teo KK , Rangarajan S , et al. Prognostic value of grip strength: findings from the prospective urban rural epidemiology (PURE) study. Lancet. 2015;386(9990):266–273. DOI:10.1016/S0140-6736(14)62000-6
- Calik-Kutukcu E , Arikan H , Saglam M , et al. Arm strength training improves activities of daily living and occupational performance in patients with COPD. Clin Respir J. 2017;11(6):820–832. DOI:10.1111/crj.12422
- Spruit MA , Gosselink R , Troosters T , et al. Resistance versus endurance training in patients with COPD and peripheral muscle weakness. Eur Respir J. 2002;19(6):1072–1078. DOI:10.1183/09031936.02.00287102
- Kottner J , Audige L , Brorson S , et al. Guidelines for reporting reliability and agreement studies (GRRAS) were proposed. J Clin Epidemiol. 2011;64(1):96–106. DOI:10.1016/j.jclinepi.2010.03.002
- de Vet HC , Terwee CB , Knol DL , et al. When to use agreement versus reliability measures. J Clin Epidemiol. 2006;59(10):1033–1039. DOI:10.1016/j.jclinepi.2005.10.015
- Kottner J , Audige L , Brorson S , et al. Guidelines for reporting reliability and agreement studies (GRRAS) were proposed. Int J Nurs Stud. 2011;48(6):661–671. DOI:10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2011.01.016
- Karanicolas PJ , Bhandari M , Kreder H , et al. Evaluating agreement: conducting a reliability study. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2009;91(3):99–106.
- Sim J , Wright C . Research in health care: concepts, designs and methods. Cheltenham: Stanley Thornes (Publishers) Ltd.; 2002.
- Streiner DL , Norman GR . Health measurement scales a practical guide to their development and use. Oxford: Oxford University Press; 2008. Available from: 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199231881.001.0001
- Hicks CM . Research methods for clinical therapists: applied project design and analysis. Edinburgh: Churchill Livingstone; 1999.
- Cardarelli R , Seater MM . Evidence-based medicine, part 4. An introduction to critical appraisal of articles on harm. J Am Osteopath Assoc. 2007;107(8):310–314.
- Chourasia AO , Buhr KA , Rabago DP , et al. Effect of lateral epicondylosis on grip force development. J Hand Ther. 2012;25(1):27–37. DOI:10.1016/j.jht.2011.09.003
- Park S , Park JY . Grip strength in post-stroke hemiplegia. J Phys Ther Sci. 2016;28(2):677–679. DOI:10.1589/jpts.28.677
- Sferra da Silva G , de Almeida Lourenço M , de Assis MR . Hand strength in patients with RA correlates strongly with function but not with activity of disease. Adv Rheumatol. 2018;58(1):20. DOI:10.1186/s42358-018-0020-1
- Mohamed Faisal C , Mathew N , Mathias L . Grip strength and hand function changes in unilateral cervical radiculopathy. Int J Cur Res Rev. 2012;4(21):82–90.
- Bolton CE , Bevan-Smith EF , Blakey JD , et al. British Thoracic Society guideline on pulmonary rehabilitation in adults. Thorax. 2013;68(2):ii1–30. DOI:10.1136/thoraxjnl-2013-203808
- Spruit MA , Singh SJ , Garvey C , et al. An official American Thoracic Society/European Respiratory Society statement: key concepts and advances in pulmonary rehabilitation. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2013;188(8):e13-64–e64. DOI:10.1164/rccm.201309-1634ST
- Bechtol CO . Grip test; the use of a dynamometer with adjustable handle spacings. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 1954;36(4):820–824. DOI:10.2106/00004623-195436040-00013
- Mathiowetz V , Kashman N , Volland G , et al. Grip and pinch strength: normative data for adults. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 1985;66(2):69–74.
- Haidar SG , Kumar D , Bassi RS , et al. Average versus maximum grip strength: which is more consistent? J Hand Surg Br. 2004;29(1):82–84. DOI:10.1016/j.jhsb.2003.09.012
- American Society of Hand T . Clinical assessment recommendations. Chicago (401 N. Michigan Ave., 60611-4267). Chicago (IL): The Society; 1992.
- Peolsson A , Hedlund R , Oberg B . Intra- and inter-tester reliability and reference values for hand strength. J Rehabil Med. 2001;33(1):36–41. DOI:10.1080/165019701300006524
- Savva C , Karagiannis C , Rushton A . Test-retest reliability of grip strength measurement in full elbow extension to evaluate maximum grip strength. J Hand Surg Eur Vol. 2013;38(2):183–186. DOI:10.1177/1753193412449804
- Hamilton GF , McDonald C , Chenier TC . Measurement of grip strength: validity and reliability of the sphygmomanometer and jamar grip dynamometer. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther. 1992;16(5):215–219. DOI:10.2519/jospt.1992.16.5.215
- Shrout PE . Measurement reliability and agreement in psychiatry. Stat Methods Med Res. 1998;7(3):301–317. DOI:10.1177/096228029800700306
- Kendrick KR , Baxi SC , Smith RM . Usefulness of the modified 0-10 Borg scale in assessing the degree of dyspnea in patients with COPD and asthma. J Emerg Nurs. 2000;26(3):216–222. DOI:10.1016/S0099-1767(00)90093-X
- Garvey C , Bayles MP , Hamm LF , et al. Pulmonary rehabilitation exercise prescription in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: review of selected guidelines: AN OFFICIAL STATEMENT FROM THE AMERICAN ASSOCIATION OF CARDIOVASCULAR AND PULMONARY REHABILITATION. J Cardiopulm Rehabil Prev. 2016;36(2):75–83. DOI:10.1097/HCR.0000000000000171
- Bailey PH . The dyspnea-anxiety-dyspnea cycle-COPD patients’ stories of breathlessness: “it’s scary /when you can’t breathe”. Qual Health Res. 2004;14(6):760–778. DOI:10.1177/1049732304265973
- Mathiowetz V , Weber K , Volland G , et al. Reliability and validity of grip and pinch strength evaluations. J Hand Surg Am. 1984;9(2):222–226. DOI:10.1016/s0363-5023(84)80146-x
- Roberts HC , Denison HJ , Martin HJ , et al. A review of the measurement of grip strength in clinical and epidemiological studies: towards a standardised approach. Age Ageing. 2011;40(4):423–429. DOI:10.1093/ageing/afr051
- Hogrel JY . Grip strength measured by high precision dynamometry in healthy subjects from 5 to 80 years. BMC Musculoskelet Disord. 2015;16:139. DOI:10.1186/s12891-015-0612-4
- Armour JA , Davison A , McManus IC . Genome-wide association study of handedness excludes simple genetic models. Heredity (Edinb). 2014;112(3):221–225. DOI:10.1038/hdy.2013.93
- Clerke A , Clerke J . A literature review of the effect of handedness on isometric grip strength differences of the left and right hands. Am J Occup Ther. 2001;55(2):206–211. DOI:10.5014/ajot.55.2.206
- Adamo DE , Taufiq A . Establishing hand preference: why does it matter? Hand (N Y). 2011;6(3):295–303. DOI:10.1007/s11552-011-9324-x
- Villafane JH , Valdes K , Buraschi R , et al. Reliability of the handgrip strength test in elderly subjects with Parkinson disease. Hand (N Y). 2016;11(1):54–58. DOI:10.1177/1558944715614852
- Shechtman O , Gestewitz L , Kimble C . Reliability and validity of the DynEx dynamometer. J Hand Ther. 2005;18(3):339–347. DOI:10.1197/j.jht.2005.04.002
- McGraw KO , Wong SP . Forming inferences about some intraclass correlation coefficients. Psychol Methods. 1996;1(1):30–46. DOI:10.1037/1082-989X.1.1.30
- Bartlett JW , Frost C . Reliability, repeatability and reproducibility: analysis of measurement errors in continuous variables. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol. 2008;31(4):466–475. DOI:10.1002/uog.5256
- Koo TK , Li MY . A Guideline of selecting and reporting intraclass correlation coefficients for reliability research. J Chiropr Med. 2016;15(2):155–163. DOI:10.1016/j.jcm.2016.02.012
- Bland JM , Altman DG . Statistical methods for assessing agreement between two methods of clinical measurement. Lancet. 1986;327(8476):307–310. DOI:10.1016/S0140-6736(86)90837-8
- Myles PS , Cui J . Using the Bland-Altman method to measure agreement with repeated measures. Br J Anaesth. 2007;99(3):309–311. DOI:10.1093/bja/aem214
- Donner A , Eliasziw M . Sample size requirements for reliability studies. Stat Med. 1987;6(4):441–448. DOI:10.1002/sim.4780060404
- Walter SD , Eliasziw M , Donner A . Sample size and optimal designs for reliability studies. Statist Med. 1998;17(1):101–110. DOI:10.1002/(SICI)1097-0258(19980115)17:1<101::AID-SIM727>3.0.CO;2-E
- Strandkvist VJ , Backman H , Roding J , et al. Hand grip strength is associated with forced expiratory volume in 1 second among subjects with COPD: report from a population-based cohort study. Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis. 2016;11:2527–2534. DOI:10.2147/COPD.S114154
- Liao WH , Chen JW , Chen X , et al. Impact of resistance training in subjects with COPD: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Respir Care. 2015;60(8):1130–1145. DOI:10.4187/respcare.03598
- Bernard S , Whittom F , Leblanc P , et al. Aerobic and strength training in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 1999;159(3):896–901. DOI:10.1164/ajrccm.159.3.9807034
- Nyberg A , Saey D , Maltais F . Why and how limb muscle mass and function should be measured in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Ann Am Thorac Soc. 2015;12(9):1269–1277. DOI:10.1513/AnnalsATS.201505-278PS
- Spruit MA , Sillen MJ , Groenen MT , et al. New normative values for handgrip strength: results from the UK Biobank. J Am Med Dir Assoc. 2013;14(10):775 e5.
- Strandkvist V , Andersson M , Backman H , et al. Hand grip strength is associated with fatigue among men with COPD: epidemiological data from northern Sweden. Physiother Theory Pract. 2020;36(3):408–416. DOI:10.1080/09593985.2018.1486490
- Jeong M , Kang HK , Song P , et al. Hand grip strength in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis. 2017;12:2385–2390. DOI:10.2147/COPD.S140915
- Lee SH , Kim SJ , Han Y , et al. Hand grip strength and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in Korea: an analysis in KNHANES VI. Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis. 2017;12:2313–2321. DOI:10.2147/COPD.S142621
- Sirguroh A , Ahmed S . Hand grip strength in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Int J Curr Res Rev. 2012;4(19):168–173.
- O’Donnell DE , McGuire M , Samis L , et al. General exercise training improves ventilatory and peripheral muscle strength and endurance in chronic airflow limitation. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 1998;157(5):1489–1497. DOI:10.1164/ajrccm.157.5.9708010
- Burdet L , de Muralt B , Schutz Y , et al. Administration of growth hormone to underweight patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. A prospective, randomized, controlled study. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 1997;156(6):1800–1806. DOI:10.1164/ajrccm.156.6.9704142
- Piitulainen E , Areberg J , LindéN M , et al. Nutritional status and muscle strength in patients with emphysema and severe alpha(1)-antitrypsin deficiency. Chest. 2002;122(4):1240–1246. DOI:10.1378/chest.122.4.1240
- Savva C , Giakas G , Efstathiou M , et al. Test-retest reliability of handgrip strength measurement using a hydraulic hand dynamometer in patients with cervical radiculopathy. J Manipulative Physiol Ther. 2014;37(3):206–210. DOI:10.1016/j.jmpt.2014.02.001
- Savva C , Mougiaris P , Xadjimichael C , et al. Test-retest reliability of handgrip strength as an outcome measure in patients with symptoms of shoulder impingement syndrome. J Manipulat Physiol Ther. 2018;41(3):252–257. DOI:10.1016/j.jmpt.2017.09.005
- Coldham F , Lewis J , Lee H . The reliability of one vs. three grip trials in symptomatic and asymptomatic subjects. J Hand Ther. 2006;19(3):318–326. DOI:10.1197/j.jht.2006.04.002