Functional Effects of Dandelion (Taraxacum officinale) and Its Use in the Traditional Cuisines

References

• Aabideen, Z. U., Mumtaz, M. W., Akhtar, M. T., Mukhtar, H., Raza, S. A., Touqeer, T., & Saari, N. (2020). Anti-obesity attributes; UHPLC-QTOF-MS/MS-based metabolite profiling and molecular docking insights of Taraxacum officinale. Molecules, 25(21), 4935. doi:10.3390/molecules25214935
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Abbasi, A. M., Shah, M. H., Li, T., Fu, X., Guo, X., & Liu, R. H. (2015). Ethnomedicinal values, phenolic contents and antioxidant properties of wild culinary vegetables. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 162, 333–345. doi:10.1016/j.jep.2014.12.051
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Abbet, C., Mayor, R., Roguet, D., Spichiger, R., Hamburger, M., & Potterat, O. (2014). Ethnobotanical survey on wild alpine food plants in Lower and Central Valais (Switzerland). Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 151(1), 624–634. doi:10.1016/j.jep.2013.11.022
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Al-Malki, A. L., Abo-Golayel, M. K., Abo-Elnaga, G., & Al-Beshri, H. (2013). Hepatoprotective effect of dandelion (Taraxacum officinale) against induced chronic liver cirrhosis. Journal of Medicinal Plants Research, 7(20), 1494–1505.
   Google Scholar
• Aybar, M., Bilgin, A., & Sağlam, B. (2015). Fitoremediasyon yöntemi ile topraktaki ağır metallerin giderimi. Doğal Afetler ve Çevre Dergisi, 1(1–2), 59–65. doi:10.21324/dacd.67500
   Google Scholar
• Barros, L., Dueñas, M., Ferreira, I. C., Carvalho, A. M., & Santos-Buelga, C. (2011). Use of HPLC–DAD–ESI/MS to profile phenolic compounds in edible wild greens from Portugal. Food Chemistry, 127(1), 169–173. doi:10.1016/j.foodchem.2011.01.009
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Başol, P. A. (2010). Lezzet Sırlarıyla Ayvalık ve Midilli Mutfağı. İstanbul: Alfa Printing Publishing Distribution. ISBN: 9786051061207
   Google Scholar
• Bhatia, H., Sharma, Y. P., Manhas, R. K., & Kumar, K. (2018). Traditionally used wild edible plants of district Udhampur, J&K, India. Journal of Ethnobiology and Ethnomedicine, 14(1), 1–13. doi:10.1186/s13002-018-0272-1
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Boesi, A. (2014). Traditional knowledge of wild food plants in a few Tibetan communities. Journal of Ethnobiology and Ethnomedicine, 10(1), 1–19. doi:10.1186/1746-4269-10-75
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Bonet, M. A., & Valles, J. (2002). Use of non-crop food vascular plants in Montseny biosphere reserve (Catalonia, Iberian Peninsula). International Journal of Food Sciences and Nutrition, 53(3), 225–248. doi:10.1080/09637480220132841
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cai, L., Wan, D., Yi, F., & Luan, L. (2017). Purification, preliminary characterization and hepatoprotective effects of polysaccharides from dandelion root. Molecules, 22(9), 1409. doi:10.3390/molecules22091409
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Cas, L. D., Pugni, F., & Fico, G. (2015). Tradition of use on medicinal species in Valfurva (Sondrio, Italy). Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 163, 113–134. doi:10.1016/j.jep.2014.12.054
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Cavender, A. (2006). Folk medical uses of plant foods in southern Appalachia, United States. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 108(1), 74–84. doi:10.1016/j.jep.2006.04.008
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Ceuterick, M., Vandebroek, I., Torry, B., & Pieroni, A. (2008). Cross-cultural adaptation in urban ethnobotany: The Colombian folk pharmacopoeia in London. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 120(3), 342–359. doi:10.1016/j.jep.2008.09.004
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Choi, U. K., Lee, O. H., Yim, J. H., Cho, C. W., Rhee, Y. K., Lim, S. I., & Kim, Y. C. (2010). Hypolipidemic and antioxidant effects of dandelion (Taraxacum officinale) root and leaf on cholesterol-fed rabbits. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 11(1), 67–78. doi:10.3390/ijms11010067
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Clare, B. A., Conroy, R. S., & Spelman, K. (2009). The diuretic effect in human subjects of an extract of Taraxacum officinale folium over a single day. Journal of Alternative and Complementary Medicine, 15(8), 929–934. doi:10.1089/acm.2008.0152
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Colle, D., Arantes, L. P., Gubert, P., da Luz, S. C. A., Athayde, M. L., Teixeira Rocha, J. B., & Soares, F. A. A. (2012). Antioxidant properties of Taraxacum officinale leaf extract are involved in the protective effect against hepatoxicity induced by acetaminophen in mice. Journal of Medicinal Food, 15(6), 549–556. doi:10.1089/jmf.2011.0282
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Demirel, H., & Güdek, M. (2017). Gastronomi Turizminde Bitkisel Çayların Yeri: Beypazarı Örneği. International Journal of Agricultural Science, 10(1), 07–13.
   Google Scholar
• Dias, M. I., Barros, L., Alves, R. C., Oliveira, M. B. P., Santos-Buelga, C., & Ferreira, I. C. (2014). Nutritional composition, antioxidant activity and phenolic compounds of wild Taraxacum sect. Ruderalia. International Food Research Journal, 56, 266–271. doi:10.1016/j.foodres.2014.01.003
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Di Napoli, A., & Zucchetti, P. (2021). A comprehensive review of the benefits of Taraxacum officinale on human health. Bulletin of the National Research Centre, 45(1), 1–7. doi:https://doi.org/10.1186/s42269-021-00567-1
   Google Scholar
• Dogan, Y., Baslar, S., Ay, G., & Mert, H. H. (2004). The use of wild edible plants in western and central Anatolia (Turkey). Economic Botany, 58(4), 684–690. doi:10.1663/0013-0001(2004)058[0684:TUOWEP]2.0.CO;2
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Domitrovic, R., Jakovac, H., Romic, Z., Rahelic, D., & Tadic, Z. (2010). Antifibrotic activity of Taraxacum officinale root in carbon tetrachloride-induced liver damage in mice. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 130(3), 569–577. doi:10.1016/j.jep.2010.05.046
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Escudero, N. L., Arellano, M. L., Fernandez, S., Albarracin, G., & Mucciarelli, S. (2003). Taraxacum officinale as a food source. Plant Foods for Human Nutrition, 58(3), 1–10. doi:10.1023/B:QUAL.0000040365.90180.b3
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Eskici, G. (2020). Covid-19 pandemisi: Karantina için beslenme önerileri. Anatolian Clinic the Journal of Medical Sciences, 25(Special Issue on COVID 19), 124–129. doi:10.21673/anadoluklin.722546
   Google Scholar
• Gallaher, R. N., Gallaher, K., Marshall, A. J., & Marshall, A. C. (2006). Mineral analysis of ten types of commercially available tea. Journal of Food Composition and Analysis, 19, S53–57. doi:10.1016/j.jfca.2006.02.006
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Giacomino, A., Malandrino, M., Colombo, M. L., Miaglia, S., Maimone, P., Blancato, S., … Abollino, O. (2016). Metal content in dandelion (Taraxacum officinale) leaves: Influence of vehicular traffic and safety upon consumption as food. Journal of Chemistry, 2016, 1–9. doi:https://doi.org/10.1155/2016/9842987
   Google Scholar
• Gonzalez-Castejon, M., Visioli, F., & Rodriguez-Casado, A. (2012). Diverse biological activities of dandelion. Nutrition Review, 70(9), 534–547. doi:10.1111/j.1753-4887.2012.00509.x
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Grivetti, L. E., & Ogle, B. M. (2000). Value of traditional foods in meeting macro-and micronutrient needs: The wild plant connection. Nutrition Research Reviews, 13(1), 31–46. doi:10.1079/095442200108728990
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Guarrera, P. M. (2003). Food medicine and minor nourishment in the folk traditions of Central Italy (Marche, Abruzzo and Latium). Fitoterapia, 74(6), 515–544. doi:10.1016/S0367-326X(03)00122-9
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Guarrera, P. M., & Savo, V. (2016). Wild food plants used in traditional vegetable mixtures in Italy. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 185, 202–234. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2016.02.050
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Güler, O., & Günaylı, H. (2021). COVID-19 Sürecinde değişen beslenme alışkanlıkları: COVID-19 hastalığını geçiren aileler örnekleminde nitel durum araştırması. Avrasya Turizm Araştırmaları Dergisi, 2(2), 67–81. https://dergipark.org.tr/en/pub/atadergi/issue/67863/1037928
   Google Scholar
• Günay, S. Ö., Köse, E., & Say, R. (2013, September). Karahindibadan (Taraxacum officinale) inülin saflaştırılması. 7. Ulusal Afinite Teknikleri Kongresi, Ege Üniversitesi,p Çesme/Izmir. Retrieved from http://kimyakongreleri.org/A2013/Afinite-2013-005.pdf.
   Google Scholar
• Güner, Ö., & Selvi, S. (2016). Wild medicinal plants sold in Balıkesir/Turkey herbal markets and their using properties. Biological Diversity and Conservation, 9(2), 96–101.
   Google Scholar
• Guo, H., Zhang, W., Jiang, Y., Wang, H., Chen, G., & Guo, M. (2019). Physicochemical, structural, and biological properties of polysaccharides from dandelion. Molecules, 24(8), 1485. doi:10.3390/molecules24081485
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hayward, L., Wedel, A., & McSweeney, M. B. (2019). Acceptability of beer produced with dandelion, nettle, and sage. International Journal of Gastronomy and Food Science, 18, 100180. doi:10.1016/j.ijgfs.2019.100180
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hfaiedh, M., Brahmi, D., & Zourgui, L. (2016). Hepatoprotective effect of Taraxacum officinale leaf extract on sodium dichromate‐induced liver injury in rats. Environmental Toxicology, 31(3), 339–349. doi:10.1002/tox.22048
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Hu, C. (2018). Taraxacum: Phytochemistry and health benefits. Chinese Herbal Medicines, 10(4), 353–361. doi:10.1016/j.chmed.2018.08.003
   Google Scholar
• Hu, C., & Kitts, D. D. (2005). Dandelion (Taraxacum officinale) flower extract suppresses both reactive oxygen species and nitric oxide and prevents lipid oxidation in vitro. Phytomedicine, 12(8), 588–597. doi:10.1016/j.phymed.2003.12.012
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ianovici, N. (2016). Taraxacum officinale (Asteraceae) in the urban environment: Seasonal fluctuations of plant traits and their relationship with meteorological factors. Acta Agrobotanica, 69(3). doi:10.5586/aa.1677
   Google Scholar
• İnaltong, T. (2015). Türkiye'nin Otları. Accessed; 10 /08/ 2021. http://www.turkish-cuisine.org/print.php?id=188&link=http://www.turkish-cuisine.org/ingredients-7/ingredients-used-in-turkish-cuisine-66/wild-greens-and-herbs-188.html
   Google Scholar
• İ̇skenderoğlu, M. (2018). Yenilebilir endemik bitkilerin zeytinyağlı yemeklerde kullanımı: Seferihisar örneği [ Unpublished Master Thesis]. Balıkesir University, Social Sciences Institute, Balıkesir.
   Google Scholar
• Jaric, S., Popovic, Z., Macukanovic-Jocic, M., Djurdjevic, L., Mijatovic, M., Karadzic, B., … Pavlovic, P. (2007). An ethnobotanical study on the usage of wild medicinal herbs from Kopaonik Mountain (Central Serbia). Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 111(1), 160–175. doi:10.1016/j.jep.2006.11.007
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Jassim, M. N., Safanah, A. F., & Omar, M. N. (2012). Identification of Dandelion Taraxacum officinale leaves components and study its extracts effect on different microorganisms. Journal of Al-Nahrain University, 15(3), 7–14. doi:10.22401/JNUS.15.3.02
   Google Scholar
• Jedrejek, D., Lis, B., Rolnik, A., Stochmal, A., & Olas, B. (2019). Comparative phytochemical, cytotoxicity, antioxidant and haemostatic studies of Taraxacum officinale root preparations. Food and Chemical Toxicology, 126, 233–247. doi:10.1016/j.fct.2019.02.017
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kabata-Pendias, A., & Dudka, S. (1991). Trace metal contents of Taraxacum officinale (dandelion) as a convenient environmental indicator. Environmental Geochemistry and Health, 13(2), 108–113. doi:10.1007/BF01734301
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Karabulut, H., & Gülay, M. Ş. (2016). Antioksidanlar. MAE Veteriner Fakültesi Dergisi, 1(1), 65–76. doi:10.24880/maeuvfd.260790
   Google Scholar
• Karaca, O. B., Yıldırım, O., & Çakıcı, C. (2015). Gastronomi Turizminde Otlar, Ot Yemekleri ve Sağlıkla İlişkisi Üzerine Bir Değerlendirme. Journal of Tourism and Gastronomy Studies, 3(3), 27–42. https://www.jotags.org/Articles/2015_vol3_issue3/2015_vol3_issue3_article3.pdf
   Google Scholar
• Kasnak, C., & Palamutoğlu, R. (2015). Doğal antioksidanların sınıflandırılması ve insan sağlığına etkileri. Turkish Journal of Agriculture - Food Science and Technology, 3(5), 226–234. doi:10.24925/turjaf.v3i5.226-234.171
   Google Scholar
• Kim, J. H., & Baik, S. H. (2015). Preparation and characterization of fermented dandelion (Taraxacum officinale) beverage using Lactobacillus acidophilus F46 having cinnamoyl esterase activity. Food Science and Biotechnology, 24(2), 583–593. doi:10.1007/s10068-015-0076-1
   Google Scholar
• Klein, A. V., & Kiat, H. (2014). Detox diets for toxin elimination and weight management: A critical review of the evidence. Journal of Human Nutrition and Diet, 28(6), 675–686. doi:10.1111/jhn.12286
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Kök, A., Kurnaz, A., Akyurt-Kurnaz, H., & Karahan, S. (2020). Ege otlarının yöresel mutfaklarda kullanımı. Journal of Tourism and Smartness, 3(2), 152–168.
   Google Scholar
• Küçük, S. C., & Yıbar, A. (2021). Popüler diyet akimlarinin vücut ağirliği ve sağlik üzerine etkileri. Akademik Gıda, 19(1), 98–107. doi:10.24323/akademik-gida.927722
   Google Scholar
• Lentini, F., & Venza, F. (2007). Wild food plants of popular use in Sicily. Journal of Ethnobiology and Ethnomedicine, 3(1), 1–12. doi:10.1186/1746-4269-3-15
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Lis, B., Jedrejek, D., Rywaniak, J., Soluch, A., Stochmal, A., & Olas, B. (2020). Flavonoid preparations from Taraxacum officinale L. Fruits—A phytochemical, antioxidant and hemostasis studies. Molecules, 25(22), 1–33. doi:10.3390/molecules25225402
   Google Scholar
• Lis, B., & Olas, B. (2019). Pro-health activity of dandelion (Taraxacum officinale L.) and its food products–history and present. Journal of Functional Foods, 59, 40–48. doi:10.1016/j.jff.2019.05.012
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Luczaj, L. (2012). Ethnobotanical review of wild edible plants of Slovakia. Acta Societatis Botanicorum Poloniae, 81(4), 245–255. doi:10.5586/asbp.2012.030
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Luczaj, L., & Dolina, K. (2015). A hundred years of change in wild vegetable use in southern Herzegovina. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 166, 297–304. doi:10.1016/j.jep.2015.02.033
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Luczaj, L., Pieroni, A., Tardio, J., Pardo-de-Santayana, M., Soukand, R., Svanberg, I., & Kalle, R. (2012). Wild food plant use in 21st century Europe: The disappearance of old traditions and the search for new cuisines involving wild edibles. Acta Societatis Botanicorum Poloniae, 81(4), 359–370. doi:10.5586/asbp.2012.031
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mafruchati, M. (2020). Dandelion, a pest, or a remedy? A trends analysis through big data. Systematic Reviews in Pharmacy, 11(8), 142–145.
   Google Scholar
• Mattalia, G., Quave, C. L., & Pieroni, A. (2013). Traditional uses of wild food and medicinal plants among Brigasc, Kyé, and Provençal communities on the Western Italian Alps. Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution, 60(2), 587–603. doi:10.1007/s10722-012-9859-x
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mingarro, D. M., Plaza, A., Galán, A., Vicente, J. A., Martínez, M. P., & Acero, N. (2015). The effect of five Taraxacum species on in vitro and in vivo antioxidant and antiproliferative activity. Food & Function, 6(8), 2787–2793. doi:10.1039/c5fo00645g
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mlcek, J., & Rop, O. (2011). Fresh edible flowers of ornamental plants–a new source of nutraceutical foods. Trends in Food Science & Technology, 22(10), 561–569. doi:10.1016/j.tifs.2011.04.006
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nassan, M. A., Soliman, M. M., Ismail, S. A., & El-Shazly, S. (2018). Effect of Taraxacum officinale extract on PI3K/Akt pathway in DMBA-induced breast cancer in albino rats. Bioscience reports, 38(6). doi:10.1042/BSR20180334
   Google Scholar
• Nguyen, C., Mehaidli, A., Baskaran, K., Grewal, S., Pupulin, A., Ruvinov, I., … Pandey, S. (2019). Dandelion root and lemongrass extracts induce apoptosis, enhance chemotherapeutic efficacy, and reduce tumour xenograft growth in vivo in prostate cancer. Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine, 2019, 2951428. doi:10.1155/2019/2951428
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Ovadje, P., Ammar, S., Guerrero, J. A., Arnason, J. T., & Pandey, S. (2016). Dandelion root extract effects colorectal cancer proliferation and survival through the activation of multiple death signalling pathways. Oncotarget, 7(45), 73080–73100. doi:10.18632/oncotarget.11485
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Özdemir, M., Arslanoğlu, Ş. F., & Sert, S. (2020). Geçmişten Günümüze Karahindiba. In B. Pehlıvan & S. K. OntunçIn (Eds.), Congress book 3. Uluslararası 19 Mayıs Yenilikçi Bilimsel Yaklaşımlar (pp. 81–89). Mayıs, Samsun, Turkey: Iksad Publısher.
   Google Scholar
• Pandey, J., Verma, R. K., & Singh, S. (2019). Suitability of aromatic plants for phytoremediation of heavy metal contaminated areas: A review. International Journal of Phytoremediation, 21(5), 405–418. doi:10.1080/15226514.2018.1540546
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Paoletti, M. G., Dreon, A. L., & Lorenzoni, G. G. (1995). Pistic, traditional food from western Friuli, NE Italy. Economic Botany, 49(1), 26–30. doi:10.1007/BF02862273
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pfingstgraf, I. O., Taulescu, M., Pop, R. M., Orasan, R., Vlase, L., Uifalean, A., … Parvu, A. E. (2021). Protective effects of Taraxacum officinale L. (Dandelion) root extract in experimental acute on chronic liver failure. Antioxidants, 10(4), 1–14. doi:10.3390/antiox10040504
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pieroni, A., & Giusti, M. E. (2009). Alpine ethnobotany in Italy: Traditional knowledge of gastronomic and medicinal plants among the Occitans of the upper Varaita valley, Piedmont. Journal of Ethnobiology and Ethnomedicine, 5(1), 1–13. doi:10.1186/1746-4269-5-32
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Pieroni, A., Giusti, M. E., Münz, H., Lenzarini, C., Turkovic, G., & Turkovic, A. (2003). Ethnobotanical knowledge of the Istro-Romanians of Zejane in Croatia. Fitoterapia, 74(7–8), 710–719. doi:10.1016/j.fitote.2003.06.002
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Pieroni, A., & Gray, C. (2008). Herbal and food folk medicines of the Russlanddeutschen living in Künzelsau/Taläcker, South‐Western Germany. Phytotherapy Research, 22(7), 889–901. doi:10.1002/ptr.2410
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pieroni, A., Nebel, S., Quave, C., Münz, H., & Heinrich, M. (2002). Ethnopharmacology of liakra: Traditional weedy vegetables of the Arbëreshë of the Vulture area in southern Italy. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 81(2), 165–185. doi:10.1016/s0378-8741(02)00052-1
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Polat, R., & Satıl, F. (2010). HAVRAN VE BURHANİYE’DE (BALIKESİR) ETNOBOTANİK ARAŞTIRMALARI. TÜBA-KED TÜBA-KED Türkiye Bilimler Akademisi Kültür Envanteri Dergisi, 8(8), 65–100. doi:10.22520/tubaked.2010.0005
   Google Scholar
• Râcz–kotilla, E., Râcz, G., & Solomon, A. (1974). The action of Taraxacum officinale extracts on the body weight and diuresis of laboratory animals. Planta medica, 26(7), 212–217. doi:10.1055/s-0028-1099379
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Rigat, M., Bonet, M. À., Garcia, S., Garnatje, T., & Vallès, J. (2009). Ethnobotany of food plants in the high river Ter valley (Pyrenees, Catalonia, Iberian Peninsula): Non-crop food vascular plants and crop food plants with medicinal properties. Ecology of Food and Nutrition, 48(4), 303–326. doi:10.1080/03670240903022320
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rodriguez-Casado, A. (2016). The health potential of fruits and vegetables phytochemicals: Notable examples. Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition, 56(7), 1097–1107. doi:10.1080/10408398.2012.755149
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sarı, A., Özsoy, N., & Karahüseyin, S. (2020). Taraxacum farinosum Hausskn. & Bornm. bitkisinin antioksidan aktivite yönünden incelenmesi. Journal of Advanced Research in Health Sciences, 3(1), 13–19. doi:10.26650/jarhs2020-670992
   Google Scholar
• Scherrer, A. M., Motti, R., & Weckerle, C. S. (2005). Traditional plant use in the areas of Monte Vesole and Ascea, Cilento National Park (Campania, Southern Italy). Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 97(1), 129–143. doi:10.1016/j.jep.2004.11.002
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schmidt, M. (1979). The delightful dandelion. J Org Gard, 26, 112–117.
   Google Scholar
• Schütz, K., Carle, R., & Schieber, A. (2006). Taraxacum—a review on its phytochemical and pharmacological profile. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 107(3), 313–323. doi:10.1016/j.jep.2006.07.021
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sergio, L., Boari, F., Pieralice, M., Linsata, V., Cantore, V., & Venere, D. D. (2020). Bioactive phenolics and antioxidant capacity of some wild edible greens as affected by different cooking treatments. Foods, 9(9), 1–19. doi:10.3390/foods9091320
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sheldon, J. C. (1974). The behavior of seeds in soil III. The influence of seed morphology and the behaviour of seedlings on the establishment of plants from surface-lying seeds. The Journal of Ecology, 62(1), 47–66. doi:10.2307/2258879
   Google Scholar
• Shi, J., Zong, L., Wang, P., Li, C., Yue, J., & Wang, X. (2022). A study of biomacromolecular changes in dandelion root extract induced PANC-1 cells apoptosis using FTIR microspectroscopy. Infrared Physics & Technology | Journal, 120, 103995. doi:10.1016/j.infrared.2021.103995
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sigstedt, S. C., Hooten, C. J., Callewaert, M. C., Jenkins, A. R., Romero, A. E., Pullin, M. J., … Steelant, W. F. (2008). Evaluation of aqueous extracts of Taraxacum officinale on growth and invasion of breast and prostate cancer cells. International Journal of Oncology, 32(5), 1085–1090. doi:10.3892/ijo.32.5.1085
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Simkova, K., & Polesny, Z. (2015). Ethnobotanical review of wild edible plants used in the Czech Republic. Journal of Applied Botany and Food Quality, 88(1). doi:10.5073/JABFQ.2015.088.009
   Google Scholar
• Singh, A., Malhotra, S., & Subban, R. (2008). Dandelion (Taraxacum officinale) - hepatoprotective herb with therapeutic potential. Pharmacognosy Reviews, 2(3), 163–167.
   Google Scholar
• Sırcelj, H., Mıkulıc-Petkovsek, M., Veberic, R., Hudine, M., & Slatnar, A. (2018). Lipophilic antioxidants in edible weeds from agricultural areas. Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry, 42, 1–10. doi:10.3906/tar-1707-25
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Soukand, R. (2016). Perceived reasons for changes in the use of wild food plants in Saaremaa, Estonia. Appetite, 107, 231–241. doi:10.1016/j.appet.2016.08.011
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Trojanova, I., Rada, V., Kokoska, L., & Vlkova, E. (2004). The bifidogenic effect of Taraxacum officinale root. Fitoterapia, 75(7–8), 760–763. doi:10.1016/j.fitote.2004.09.010
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tunçgenç, Ş., & Tunçgenç, M. (2008). Giritli Türklerin mutfağından ot ve sebze yemekleri. İstanbul: Türkiye İş Bankası Kültür Yayınları.
   Google Scholar
• Türe, C., & Böcük, H. (2010). Distribution patterns of threatened endemic plants in Turkey: A quantitative approach for conservation. Journal for Nature Conservation, 18(4), 296–303. doi:https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jnc.2010.01.002
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vitalini, S., Puricelli, C., Mikerezi, I., & Irıti, M. (2015). Plants, people and traditions: Ethnobotanical survey in the Lombard Stelvio National Park and neighbouring areas (Central Alps, Italy). Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 173, 435–458. doi:10.1016/j.jep.2015.05.036
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Washitani, I. (1984). Germination responses of a seed population of Taraxacum officinale Weber to constant temperatures including the supra-optimal range. Plant, Cell & Environment, 7(9), 655–659. doi:10.1111/1365-3040.ep11571610
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• WHO (2020a). The Top 10 Causes of Death. Retrieved August 06, 2020, from https://www.Who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/the-top-10-causes-of-death
   Google Scholar
• WHO (2020b). Cancer. Retrieved August 06, 2020, from https://www.who.int/health-topics/cancer#tab=tab_1
   Google Scholar
• Wirngo, F. E., Lambert, M. N., & Jeppesen, P. B. (2016). The physiological effects of dandelion (Taraxacum officinale) in type 2 diabetes. The Review of Diabetic Studies, 13(2–3), 113. doi:10.1900/RDS.2016.13.113
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Yabancı, N. (2010). İnülin ve oligofruktozların insan sağlığı ve beslenmesi üzerine etkileri. Academic Food, 8(1), 49–54. https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/pub/akademik-gida/issue/55835/764830
   Google Scholar
• Yoshida, Y., Niki, E., & Noguchi, N. (2003). Comparative study on the action of tocopherols and tocotrienols as antioxidant: Chemical and physical effects. Chemistry and Physics of Lipids, 123(1), 63–75. doi:10.1016/s0009-3084(02)00164-0
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhang, J., Kang, M. J., Kim, M. J., Kim, M. E., Song, J. H., Lee, Y. M., & Kim, J. I. (2008). Pancreatic lipase inhibitory activity of Taraxacum officinale in vitro and in vivo. Nutrition Research and Practice, 2(4), 200–203. doi:10.4162/nrp.2008.2.4.200
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Zhu, H., Zhao, H., Zhang, L., Xu, J., Zhu, C., Zhao, H., & Lv, G. (2017). Dandelion root extract suppressed gastric cancer cells proliferation and migration through targeting lncRNA-CCAT1. Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy, 93, 1010–1017. doi:10.1016/j.biopha.2017.07.007
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar