1,297
Views
7
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Articles

Performing Identities in Speaking Tests: Co-Construction Revisited

Pages 309-330 | Published online: 15 Aug 2013

REFERENCES

  • Bachman , L. F. 1990 . Fundamental considerations in language testing , Oxford , UK : Oxford University Press .
  • Bachman , L. F. 2002 . Some reflections on task-based language performance assessment . Language Testing , 19 : 453 – 476 .
  • Bachman , L. F. and Palmer , A. S. 1996 . Language testing in practice , Oxford , UK : Oxford University Press .
  • Bendle , M. F. 2002 . The crisis of identity in high modernity . British Journal of Sociology , 53 : 1 – 18 .
  • Berwick , R. and Ross , S. 1996 . “ Cross-cultural pragmatics in oral proficiency interview strategies ” . In Performance testing, cognition and assessment: Selected papers from the 15th Language Testing Research Colloquium, Cambridge and Arnhem , Edited by: Milanovic , M. and Saville , N. 34 – 54 . Cambridge , UK : Cambridge University Press and University of Cambridge Local Examinations Syndicate .
  • Bloome , D. and Egan-Robertson , A. 2004 . “ The social construction of intertextuality in classroom reading and writing lessons ” . In Uses of intertextuality in classroom and educational research , Edited by: Shuart-Faris , N. and Bloome , D. 17 – 64 . Greenwich , CT : Information Age .
  • Breen , M. P. 1998 . “ Navigating the discourse: What is learned in the language classroom? ” . In Learners and language learning , Edited by: Renaudy , W. A. and Jacobs , G. M. 115 – 144 . Singapore : SEAMEO Regional Language Centre .
  • Brooks , L. 2009 . Interacting in pairs in a test of oral proficiency: Co-constructing a better performance . Language Testing , 26 : 341 – 366 .
  • Brown , A. 2003 . Interlocutor variation and the co-construction of speaking proficiency . Language Testing , 20 : 1 – 25 .
  • Brown , A. 2005 . Interviewer variability in oral proficiency interviews , Frankfurt , Germany : Peter Lang .
  • Brown , G. and Yule , G. 1983 . Discourse analysis , Cambridge , UK : Cambridge University Press .
  • Brown , P. and Levinson , S. 1987 . Politeness , Cambridge , UK : Cambridge University Press .
  • Burr , V. 1995 . An introduction to social constructionism , London , UK : Routledge .
  • Chalhoub-Deville , M. 2003 . Second language interaction: current perspectives and future trends . Language Testing , 20 : 369 – 383 .
  • Chouliaraki , L. and Fairclough , N. 1999 . Discourse in Late Modernity: Rethinking Critical Discourse Analysis , Edinburgh , Scotland : Edinburgh University Press .
  • Davies , B. and Harré , R. 1990 . Positioning: The discursive production of selves . Journal for the Theory of Social Behaviour , 20 : 43 – 63 .
  • Davis , L. 2009 . The influence of interlocutor proficiency in a paired oral assessment . Language Testing , 26 : 367 – 396 .
  • Ducasse , A. M. and Brown , A. 2009 . Assessing paired orals: Raters' orientation to interaction . Language Testing , 26 : 423 – 443 .
  • Duff , P. 2004 . Intertextuality and hybrid discourses: The infusion of pop culture in educational discourse . Linguistics and Education , 14 : 231 – 276 .
  • Duff , P. and Uchida , Y. 1997 . The negotiation of teachers' sociocultural identities and practices in post-secondary EFL classrooms . TESOL Quarterly , 31 : 451 – 486 .
  • Erickson , F. and Shultz , J. 1982 . The counselor as gatekeeper. Social interaction in interviews , New York , NY : Academic Press .
  • Fairclough , N. 1992 . Discourse and social change , Cambridge , UK : Polity Press .
  • Fairclough , N. 1995 . Media discourse , London , UK : Hodder Education .
  • Forman , R. 2008 . Using notions of scaffolding and intertextuality to understand the bilingual teaching of English in Thailand . Linguistics and Education , 19 : 319 – 332 .
  • Galaczi , E. D. 2008 . Peer–peer interaction in a speaking test: The case of the First Certificate in English Examination . Language Assessment Quarterly , 5 : 89 – 119 .
  • Goffman , E. 1974 . Frame analysis: An essay on the organization of experience , New York , NY : Harper and Row .
  • Grice , P. 1975 . “ Logic and conversation ” . In Syntax and semantics 3: Speech acts , Edited by: Cole , P. and Morgan , J. New York , NY : Academic Press .
  • Harré , R. and van Langenhove , L. 1999 . Positioning theory: Moral contexts of intentional action , Oxford , UK : Blackwell .
  • Holmes , J. 2003 . Intertextuality in EAP: An African context . Journal of English for Academic Purposes , 3 : 73 – 88 .
  • Jacoby , S. and Ochs , E. 1995 . Co-construction: An introduction . Research on Language and Social Interaction , 28 : 171 – 183 .
  • Johnson , M. 2001 . The art of non-conversation: A re-examination of the validity of the oral proficiency interview , New Haven , CT : Yale University Press .
  • Kamberelis , G. 2001 . Producing heteroglossic classroom (micro)cultures through hybrid discourse practice . Linguistics and Education , 12 : 85 – 125 .
  • Kress , G. and van Leeuwen , T. 1990 . Reading images , Geelong , Australia : Deakin University Press .
  • Kubota , R. 1999 . Japanese culture constructed by discourses: Implications for applied linguistics research and English Language Teaching . TESOL Quarterly , 33 : 9 – 25 .
  • Lazaraton , A. 1992 . The structural organisation of a language interview: A conversation analytic perspective . System , 20 : 373 – 386 .
  • Lazaraton , A. 1996a . Interlocutor support in oral proficiency interviews: the case of CASE . Language Testing , 13 : 151 – 172 .
  • Lazaraton , A. 1996b . “ A qualitative approach to monitoring examiner conduct in the Cambridge assessment of spoken English (CASE) ” . In Performance testing, cognition and assessment: Selected papers from the 15th Language Testing Research Colloquium , Edited by: Milanovic , M. and Saville , N. 18 – 33 . Cambridge , UK : Cambridge University Press .
  • Lazaraton , A. 2002 . A qualitative approach to the validation of oral language tests: Studies in Language Testing 14 , Cambridge , UK : University of Cambridge Local Examinations Syndicate/Cambridge University Press .
  • Lazaraton , A. and Davis , L. 2008 . A microanalytic perspective on discourse, proficiency, and identity in paired oral assessment . Language Assessment Quarterly , 5 : 313 – 335 .
  • Lemke , J. 2004 . “ Intertextuality and educational research ” . In Uses of intertextuality in classroom and educational research , Edited by: Shuart-Faris , N. and Bloome , D. 3 – 15 . Greenwich , CT : Information Age .
  • Leung , C. , Harris , R. and Rampton , B. 1997 . The idealised native speaker, reified ethnicities and classroom realities . TESOL Quarterly , 31 : 543 – 560 .
  • Leung , C. and Lewkowicz , J. 2006 . Expanding horizons and unresolved conundrums: Language testing and assessment . TESOL Quarterly , 40 : 211 – 234 .
  • Leung , C. and Mohan , B. 2004 . Teacher formative assessment and talk in classroom contexts: Assessment as discourse and assessment of discourse . Language Testing , 21 : 335 – 359 .
  • Lumley , T. and Brown , A. 2005 . “ Research methods in language testing ” . In Handbook of research in second language teaching and learning , Edited by: Hinkel , E. Mahwah , NJ : Erlbaum .
  • Månsson , M. 2010 . “ Negotiating authenticity at Rosslyn Chapel ” . In Re-investing authenticity, tourism, place and emotions , Edited by: Knudsen , B. T. and Waade , A. M. 169 – 180 . Bristol , UK : Channel View .
  • May , L. 2011 . Interactional competence in a paired speaking test: Features salient to raters . Language Assessment Quarterly , 8 : 127 – 145 .
  • McCarthy , M. 1991 . Discourse analysis for language teachers , Cambridge , UK : Cambridge University Press .
  • McNamara , T. 1996 . Measuring second language performance , London , UK : Longman .
  • McNamara , T. 1997 . Interaction in second language performance assessment: whose performance? . Applied Linguistics , 18 : 446 – 466 .
  • McNamara , T. 2001 . Language assessment as social practice: challenges for research . Language Testing , 18 : 333 – 349 .
  • McNamara , T. and Lumley , T. 1997 . The effect of the interlocutor and assessment mode variables in overseas assessments of speaking skills in occupational settings . Language Testing , 14 : 140 – 156 .
  • Moss , P. 1994 . Can there be validity without reliability? . Educational Researcher , 23 ( 2 ) : 5 – 12 .
  • Norton , B. 1997 . Language, identity and the ownership of english . TESOL Quarterly , 31 : 409 – 429 .
  • Norton , B. 2000 . Identity and language learning , Harlow , UK : Pearson Education Limited .
  • Norton , J. E. 1999 . The English Oral Proficiency of Japanese Learners , Unpublished PhD dissertation, University of Cambridge .
  • Okada , Y. 2010 . Role-play in oral proficiency interviews: Interactive footing and interactional competencies . Journal of Pragmatics , 42 : 1647 – 1668 .
  • O'Loughlin , K. 2002 . The impact of gender in oral proficiency testing . Language Testing , 19 : 169 – 192 .
  • O'Sullivan, B.Lu, Y.2006The impact on candidate language of examiner deviation from a set interlocutor frame in the IELTS Speaking tests. IELTS Research Report 4, 6, 1–27. http://www.ielts.org (http://http://www.ielts.org)
  • Pavlenko , A. and Blackledge , A. 2004 . Negotiation of identities in multilingual contexts , Clevedon , UK : Multilingual Matters .
  • Psathas , G. 1995 . Conversation analysis. The study of talk-in-interaction , Thousand Oaks , CA : Sage . Qualitative Research Methods Series 35
  • Richards , K. 2006 . ‘Being the teacher’: Identity and classroom conversation . Applied Linguistics , 27 : 51 – 77 .
  • Ross , S. 1996 . Formulae and inter-interlocutor variation in oral proficiency interlocutor discourse . Prospect , 11 ( 3 ) : 3 – 16 .
  • Ross , S. 1998 . “ Divergent frame interpretations in language proficiency interview interaction ” . In Talking and testing: Discourse approaches to the assessment of oral proficiency. Studies in Bilingualism , Edited by: Young , R. and He , A. W. Vol. 14 , 333 – 353 . Amsterdam , the Netherlands : John Benjamins .
  • Ross , S. and Berwick , R. 1992 . The discourse of accommodation in oral proficiency interviews . Studies in Second Language Acquisition , 14 : 159 – 176 .
  • Saville , N. and Hargreaves , P. 1999 . Assessing speaking in the revised FCE . ELT Journal , 53 : 42 – 51 .
  • Seedhouse , P. 2007 . “ Conversation analysis as research methodology ” . In Applying conversation analysis , Edited by: Richards , K. and Seedhouse , P. 251 – 266 . Basingstoke , UK : Palgrave Macmillan .
  • Selinker , L. and Douglas , D. 1985 . Wrestling with “context” in interlanguage theory . Applied Linguistics , 6 : 190 – 204 .
  • Short , K. 1992 . Researching intertextuality within collaborative classroom learning environments . Linguistics and Education , 4 : 313 – 333 .
  • Shotter , J. and Gergen , K. J. , eds. 1989 . Texts of identity , Newbury Park , CA : Sage .
  • Simpson , J. 2006 . Differing expectations in the assessment of the speaking skills of ESOL learners . Linguistics and Education , 17 : 40 – 55 .
  • Swain , M. 2001 . Examining dialogue: Another approach to content specification and to validating inferences drawn from test scores . Language Testing , 18 : 275 – 302 .
  • Tannen , D. and Wallat , C. 1993 . “ Interactive frames and knowledge schemas in interaction: Examples from a medical examination/interview ” . In Framing in discourse , Edited by: Tannen , D. 57 – 72 . Oxford , , UK : Oxford University Press .
  • Taylor , L. August 2003 . “ The Cambridge approach to speaking assessment ” . In University of Cambridge ESOL Examinations Research Notes 13 August ,
  • ten Have , P. 2007 . Doing conversation analysis , 2nd , London , UK : Sage .
  • Tyler , A. F. , Jefferies , A. and Davies , C. E. 1988 . The effect of discourse structuring devices on listener perceptions of coherence in non-native university teacher's spoken discourse . World Englishes , 7 : 101 – 110 .
  • University of Cambridge Local Examinations Syndicate . 1995 . Test material C27 , Cambridge , UK : Author .
  • University of Cambridge Local Examinations Syndicate . 1995–1996 . Certificate in Advanced English, Instructions to Oral Examiners , Cambridge , UK : Author .
  • University of Cambridge Local Examinations Syndicate . 1996 . First Certificate in English, Instructions to Oral Examiners, November–December , Cambridge , UK : Author .
  • Van Lier , L. 1989 . Reeling, writhing, drawling, stretching and fainting in coils: Oral proficiency interviews as conversation . TESOL Quarterly , 23 : 489 – 508 .
  • Widdowson , H. G. 2003 . Defining issues in English language teaching , Oxford , UK : Oxford University Press .
  • Willis , D. 1990 . The lexical syllabus , London , UK : Collins E.L.T .
  • Wolfson , N. 1976 . Speech events and natural speech . Language in Society , 5 : 189 – 209 .
  • Young, R. F.2000, MarchInteractional competence: Challenges for validity. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the American Association for Applied Linguistics and the Language Testing Research Colloquium, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada. http://www.wisc.edu/english/rfyoung/IC_CV4.Paper.PDF (http://http://www.wisc.edu/english/rfyoung/IC_CV4.Paper.PDF)
  • Young , R. and Milanovic , M. 1992 . Discourse variation in oral proficiency interviews . Studies in Second Language Acquisition , 14 : 403 – 424 .
  • Zimmerman , D. H. 1998 . “ Discoursal identities and social identities ” . In Identities in talk , Edited by: Antaki , C. and Widdicombe , S. 87 – 106 . London , UK : Sage .
  • Zuengler , J. 1993 . Encouraging learners' conversational participation: The effect of content knowledge . Language Learning , 43 : 403 – 432 .

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.