2,387
Views
29
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Articles

Contextualizing Performances: Comparing Performances During TOEFL iBTTM and Real-Life Academic Speaking Activities

&

REFERENCES

  • Bachman, L.F. (1990). Fundamental considerations in language testing. Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press.
  • Barkaoui, K., Brooks, L., Swain, M., & Lapkin, S. (2013). Test-takers’ strategic behaviors in independent and integrated speaking tasks. Applied Linguistics, 34(3), 304–324.
  • Biber, D. (2006). University language: A corpus-based study of spoken and written registers. Amsterdam, Netherlands: John Benjamins.
  • Biber, D., Conrad, S., Reppen, R., Byrd, P., & Helt, M. (2002). Speaking and writing at the university: A multidimensional comparison. TESOL Quarterly, 36(1), 9–48.
  • Bridgeman, B., Powers, D., Stone, E., & Mollaun, P. (2012). TOEFL iBT speaking test scores as indicators of oral communicative language proficiency. Language Testing, 29(1), 91–108.
  • Brooks, L. (2009). Interacting in pairs in a test of oral proficiency: Co-constructing a better performance. Language Testing, 26(3), 341–366.
  • Brooks, L., & Swain, M. (2015). Students’ voices: The challenge of measuring speaking for academic contexts. In B. Spolsky, O. Inbar, & M. Tannenbaum (Eds.), Challenges for language education and policy: Making space for people (pp. 65–80). New York, NY: Routledge.
  • Brooks, L., & Swain, M. (2013, March). Strategic speaking clusters in testing and real-life contexts. Paper presented at the AAAL Conference, Dallas, TX.
  • Brown, A. (2003). Interviewer variation and the co-construction of speaking proficiency. Language Testing, 20(1), 1–25.
  • Brown, A., Iwashita, N., & McNamara, T. (2005). An examination of rater orientations and test-taker performance on English-for-Academic-Purposes speaking tasks ( TOEFL Monograph No. 29). Princeton, NJ: Educational Testing Service.
  • Butler, F. A., Eignor, D., Jones, S., McNamara, T., & Suomi, B. K. (2000). TOEFL 2000 speaking framework: A working paper (TOEFL Monograph No. 20). Princeton, NJ: Educational Testing Service.
  • Canale, M., & Swain, M. (1980). Theoretical bases of communicative approaches to second language teaching and testing. Applied Linguistics, 1(1), 1–47.
  • Chalhoub-Deville, M. (2003). Second language interaction: Current perspectives and future trends. Language Testing, 20(4), 369–383.
  • Chalhoub-Deville, M., & Deville, C. (2006). Old, borrowed, and new thoughts in second language testing. In R. L. Brennan (Ed.), Educational Measurement (4th ed.) (pp. 517–530). Westport, CT: American Council on Education and Praeger Publishers.
  • Chapelle, C. A., Enright, M. K., & Jamieson, J. M. (2008). Test score interpretation and use. In C. A. Chapelle, M. K. Enright, & J. M. Jamieson (Eds.), Building a validity argument for the Test of English as a Foreign LanguageTM (pp. 1–25). New York, NY: Routledge.
  • Chapelle, C. A., Enright, M. K., & Jamieson, J. (2010). Does an argument-based approach to validity make a difference? Educational Measurement: Issues and Practice, 29(1), 3–13.
  • Chapelle, C., Grabe, W., & Berns, M. (1997). Communicative language proficiency: Definition and implications for TOEFL 2000 ( TOEFL Monograph No. 10). Princeton, NJ: Educational Testing Service.
  • Cobb, T. (2006). The Web Vocabulary Profiler (Version 3.0). [Computer program]. University of Québec, Montréal. Retrieved from http://www.lextutor.ca/vp/eng/
  • Cohen, J. (1992). A power primer. Psychological Bulletin, 112(1), 155–159.
  • Cole, M. (2005). Putting culture in the middle. In H. Daniels (Ed.), An introduction to Vygotsky (pp. 199–226). New York, NY: Routledge.
  • Deville, C., & Chalhoub-Deville, M. (2006). Old and new thoughts on test score variability: Implications for reliability and validity. In M. Chalhoub-Deville, C. A. Chapelle, & P. Duff (Eds.), Inference and generalizability in applied linguistics: Multiple perspectives (pp. 9–25). Amsterdam, Netherlands: John Benjamins.
  • Enright, M. K., Bridgeman, B., Eignor, D., Kantor, R. N., Mollaun, P., Nissan, S., Powers, D. E., & Schedl, M. (2008). Prototyping new assessment tasks. In C. A. Chapelle, M. K. Enright, & J. M. Jamieson (Eds.), Building a validity argument for the Test of English as a Foreign LanguageTM (pp. 97–143). New York, NY: Routledge.
  • Farr, F. (2003). Engaged listenership in spoken academic discourse: The case of student-tutor meetings. Journal of English for Academic Purposes, 2(1), 67–85.
  • Ferris, D. (2002). Treatment of error in second language student writing. Ann Arbor, MI: University of Michigan Press.
  • Field, A. (2009). Discovering statistics using SPSS (3rd ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
  • Flowerdew, J. (Ed.). (2002). Academic discourse. London, UK: Pearson.
  • Foster, P., Tonkyn, A., & Wigglesworth, G. (2000). Measuring spoken language: A unit for all reasons. Applied Linguistics, 21(3), 354–375.
  • Grabe, W., & Kaplan, R. B. (1996). Theory and practice of writing. London: Longman.
  • Halliday, M. A. K. (1989). Spoken and written language (2nd ed.). Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press.
  • Halliday, M. A. K., & Hasan, R. (1976). Cohesion in English. London, UK: Longman.
  • He, A. W., & Young, R. (1998). Language proficiency interviews: A discourse approach. In R. Young & A. W. He (Eds.), Talking and testing: Discourse approaches to the assessment of oral proficiency (pp. 1–24). Amsterdam: John Benjamins.
  • Heatley, A., & Nation, P. (1994). Range. [Computer program] Victoria University of Wellington, New Zealand. Retrieved from http://www.victoria.ac.nz/lals/resources/range.aspx
  • Henning, G. (1987). A guide to language testing: Development, evaluation, research. Cambridge, MA: Newbury House.
  • Hyland, K. (2002). Genre: Language, context, and literacy. Annual Review of Applied Linguistics, 22, 113–135.
  • Iwashita, N., Brown, A., McNamara, T., & O’Hagan, S. (2008). Assessed levels of second language speaking proficiency: How distinct? Applied Linguistics, 29(1), 24–49.
  • Jamieson, J. M., Eignor, D., Grabe, W., & Kunnan, A. J. (2008). Frameworks for a new TOEFL. In C. A. Chapelle, M. K. Enright, & J. M. Jamieson (Eds.), Building a validity argument for the Test of English as a Foreign LanguageTM (pp. 55–95). New York, NY: Routledge.
  • Johnson, M. (2001). The art of non-conversation: A re-examination of the validity of the oral proficiency interview. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press.
  • Kane, M. (2012). Articulating a validity argument. In G. Fulcher & F. Davidson (Eds.), The Routledge handbook of language testing (pp. 34–47). New York, NY: Routledge.
  • Lantolf, J. P., & Frawley, W. (1985). Oral-proficiency testing: A critical analysis. Modern Language Journal, 69(4), 337–345.
  • Lantolf, J. P., & Thorne, S. L. (2006). Sociocultural theory and the genesis of second language development. Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press.
  • Lazaraton, A. (1996). Interlocutor support in oral proficiency interviews: the case of CASE. Language Testing, 13(2), 151–172.
  • Lazaraton, A. (2002). A qualitative approach to the validation of oral language tests. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.
  • Lumley, T., & Brown, A. (1996). Specific purpose language performance tests: Task and interaction. In G. Wigglesworth & C. Elder (Eds.), The language testing cycle: From inception to washback. Australian Review of Applied Linguistics, Series S, 13, 105–136.
  • Luoma, S. (2004). Assessing speaking. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.
  • Magnan, S. S. (1988). Grammar and the ACTFL oral proficiency interview: Discussion and data. Modern Language Journal, 72(3), 266–276.
  • McNamara, T. F. (1997). ‘Interaction’ in second language performance assessment: Whose performance? Applied Linguistics, 18(4), 446–466.
  • Michel, M. C., Kuiken, F., & Vedder, I. (2007). The influence of complexity in monologic versus dialogic tasks in Dutch L2. International Review of Applied Linguistics, 45(3), 241–259.
  • Norris, J. M., & Ortega, L. (2009). Towards an organic approach to investigating CAF in instructed SLA: The case of complexity. Applied Linguistics, 30(4), 555–578.
  • O’Loughlin, K. (2001). The equivalence of direct and semi-direct speaking tests. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.
  • Plough, I. C., Briggs, S. L., & Van Bonn, S. (2010). A multi-method analysis of evaluation criteria used to assess the speaking proficiency of graduate student instructors. Language Testing, 27(2), 235–260.
  • Shohamy, E. (1994). The validity of direct versus semi-direct oral tests. Language Testing, 11(2), 99–123.
  • Skehan. P. (1998). A cognitive approach to language learning. Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press.
  • Swain, M. (2001). Examining dialogue: Another approach to content specifications and to validating inferences drawn from test scores. Language Testing, 18(3), 275–302.
  • Swain, M. (2013a). The inseparability of cognition and emotion in second language learning. Language Teaching, 46(2), 195–207.
  • Swain, M. (2013b, March). The intertwining of emotion and cognition: A Vygotskian sociocultural perspective. Paper presented at the AAAL Conference, Dallas, TX.
  • Swain, M., Huang, L.-S., Barkaoui, K., Brooks, L., & Lapkin, S. (2009). The speaking section of the TOEFL iBT™ (SSTiBT): Test-takers’ reported strategic behaviors (TOEFL iBT™ Report No. TOEFL iBT-10). Princeton, NJ: Educational Testing Service.
  • Swain, M., Kinnear, P., & Steinman, L. (2011). Sociocultural theory in second language education: An introduction through narratives. Bristol, UK: Multilingual Matters.
  • Taylor, C. A., & Angelis, P. (2008). The evolution of the TOEFL. In C. A. Chapelle, M. K. Enright, & J. M. Jamieson (Eds.), Building a validity argument for the Test of English as a Foreign LanguageTM (pp. 27–54). New York, NY: Routledge.
  • Ure, J. (1971). Lexical density and register differentiation. In G. E. Perren & J. L. M. Trimm (Eds.), Applications of linguistics (pp. 443–452). Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.
  • Van Lier, L. (1989). Reeling, writhing, drawling, stretching, and fainting in coils: Oral proficiency interviews as conversation. TESOL Quarterly, 23(3), 489–508.
  • Vermeer, A. (2000). Coming to grips with lexical richness in spontaneous speech data. Language Testing, 17(1), 65–83.
  • Vygotsky, L. S. (1986). Thought and language ( A. Kozulin, Trans.). Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
  • Weir, C. J. (2005). Language testing and validation: An evidence-based approach. New York, NY: Palgrave Macmillan.
  • Zareva, A. (2009). Informational packaging, level of formality, and the use of circumstance adverbials in L1 and L2 student academic presentations. Journal of English for Academic Purposes, 8(1), 55–68.

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.