Thrombosis-related circulating miR-16-5p is associated with disease severity in patients hospitalised for COVID-19

References

• Wicik Z, Eyileten C, Jakubik D, et al. ACE2 interaction networks in COVID-19: a physiological framework for prediction of outcome in patients with cardiovascular risk factors. J Clin Med Res. 2020;9. DOI:10.3390/jcm9113743.
   Google Scholar
• Aziz F, Aberer F, Bräuer A, et al. COVID-19 in-hospital mortality in people with diabetes is driven by comorbidities and age—propensity score-matched analysis of Austrian national public health institute data. Viruses. 2021;13(12):2401.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gupta A, Madhavan MV, Sehgal K, et al. Extrapulmonary manifestations of COVID-19. Nat Med. 2020;26(7):1017–1032.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gu SX, Tyagi T, Jain K, et al. Thrombocytopathy and endotheliopathy: crucial contributors to COVID-19 thromboinflammation. Nat Rev Cardiol. 2021;18(3):194–209.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jackson SP, Darbousset R, Schoenwaelder SM. Thromboinflammation: challenges of therapeutically targeting coagulation and other host defense mechanisms. Blood. 2019;133(9):906–918.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bikdeli B, Madhavan MV, Gupta A, et al. Pharmacological agents targeting thromboinflammation in COVID-19: Review and implications for future research. Thromb Haemost. 2020;120(7):1004–1024.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McGonagle D, O’Donnell JS, Sharif K, et al. Immune mechanisms of pulmonary intravascular coagulopathy in COVID-19 pneumonia. Lancet Rheumatol. 2020;2(7):e437–e445. 30121-1.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Ackermann M, Verleden SE, Kuehnel M, et al. Pulmonary vascular endothelialitis, thrombosis, and angiogenesis in Covid-19. N Engl J Med. 2020;383(2):120–128.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gómez CA, Sun C-K, Tsai I-T, et al. Mortality and risk factors associated with pulmonary embolism in coronavirus disease 2019 patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Sci Rep. 2021;11(1):16025.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bonaventura A, Vecchié A, Dagna L, et al. Endothelial dysfunction and immunothrombosis as key pathogenic mechanisms in COVID-19. Nat Rev Immunol. 2021;21(5):319–329.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Thachil J, Tang N, Gando S, et al. ISTH interim guidance on recognition and management of coagulopathy in COVID-19. J Thromb Haemost. 2020;18(5):1023–1026.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bikdeli B, Madhavan MV, Jimenez D, et al. COVID-19 and thrombotic or thromboembolic disease: implications for prevention, antithrombotic therapy, and follow-up: JACC State-of-the-art review. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2020;75(23):2950–2973.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Agyemang C, van den Born B-J, Gorog DA, Storey RF, Gurbel PA, Tantry US, Berger JS, Chan MY, et al. Current and novel biomarkers of thrombotic risk in COVID-19: a consensus statement from the international COVID-19 thrombosis biomarkers colloquium. Nat Rev Cardiol. 2022;19(1):1–21.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Friedman RC, Farh KK-H, Burge CB, et al. Most mammalian mRNAs are conserved targets of microRNAs. Genome Res. 2009;19(1):92–105.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pordzik J, Jakubik D, Jarosz-Popek J, et al. Significance of circulating microRNAs in diabetes mellitus type 2 and platelet reactivity: bioinformatic analysis and review. Cardiovasc Diabetol. 2019;18(1):113.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wang Y, Liu C, Wei W, et al. Predictive value of circulating coagulation related microRNAs expressions for major adverse cardiac and cerebral event risk in patients undergoing continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis: a cohort study. J Nephrol. 2020;33(1):157–165.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Eyileten C, Wicik Z, De Rosa S, et al. MicroRNAs as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers in ischemic stroke-A comprehensive review and bioinformatic analysis. Cells. 2018;7. DOI:10.3390/cells7120249.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pordzik J, Pisarz K, De Rosa S, et al. The potential role of platelet-related microRNAs in the development of cardiovascular events in high-risk populations, including diabetic patients: a review. Front Endocrinol. 2018;9:74.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sabatino J, Wicik Z, De Rosa S, et al. MicroRNAs fingerprint of bicuspid aortic valve. J Mol Cell Cardiol. 2019;134:98–106.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Eyileten C, Sharif L, Wicik Z, et al. The relation of the brain-derived neurotrophic factor with microRNAs in neurodegenerative diseases and ischemic stroke. Mol Neurobiol. 2021;58(1):329–347.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wolska M, Jarosz-Popek J, Junger E, et al. Long non-coding RNAs as promising therapeutic approach in ischemic stroke: a comprehensive review. Mol Neurobiol. 2020;58(4):1664–1682.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Soplinska A, Zareba L, Wicik Z, et al. MicroRNAs as biomarkers of systemic changes in response to endurance exercise-A comprehensive review. Diagnostics (Basel). 2020;10. DOI:10.3390/diagnostics10100813.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Zareba L, Fitas A, Wolska M, et al. MicroRNAs and long noncoding RNAs in coronary artery disease: new and potential therapeutic targets. Cardiol Clin. 2020;38(4):601–617.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gasecka A, Siwik D, Gajewska M, et al. Early biomarkers of neurodegenerative and neurovascular disorders in diabetes. J Clin Med Res. 2020;9. DOI:10.3390/jcm9092807.
   Google Scholar
• Jarosz-Popek J, Wolska M, Gasecka A, et al. The importance of non-coding RNAs in neurodegenerative processes of diabetes-related molecular pathways. J Clin Med Res. 2020;10. DOI:10.3390/jcm10010009.
   Google Scholar
• Morelli VM, Brækkan SK, Hansen J-B. Role of microRNAs in venous thromboembolism. Int J Mol Sci. 2020;21. DOI:10.3390/ijms21072602
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kim AS, Kalady MF, DeVecchio J, et al. Identifying miRNA biomarkers and predicted targets associated with venous thromboembolism in colorectal cancer patients. Blood. 2019;134(Supplement_1):3643.
   Google Scholar
• Xiao J, Jing Z-C, Ellinor PT, et al. MicroRNA-134 as a potential plasma biomarker for the diagnosis of acute pulmonary embolism. J Transl Med. 2011;9(1). DOI:10.1186/1479-5876-9-159
   Google Scholar
• Kessler T, Erdmann J, Vilne B, et al. Serum microRNA-1233 is a specific biomarker for diagnosing acute pulmonary embolism. J Transl Med. 2016;14(1). DOI:10.1186/s12967-016-0886-9
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Zhou X, Wen W, Shan X, et al. MiR-28-3p as a potential plasma marker in diagnosis of pulmonary embolism. Thromb Res. 2016;138:91–95.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Qin J, Liang H, Shi D, et al. A panel of microRNAs as a new biomarkers for the detection of deep vein thrombosis. J Thromb Thrombolysis. 2015;39(2):215–221.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ronco C, Bellomo R, and Kellum JA, et al. Critical care nephrology e-book. Elsevier health sciences; 2017 [cited 2022 July 18]. Available from: https://play.google.com/store/books/details?id=HTdDDwAAQBAJ
   Google Scholar
• Jiang Z, Ma J, Wang Q, et al. Combination of circulating miRNA-320a/b and D-dimer improves diagnostic accuracy in deep vein thrombosis patients. Med Sci Monit. 2018;24:2031–2037.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brown JAL, Bourke E. Practical bioinformatics analysis of MiRNA data using online tools. Methods Mol Biol. 2017;1509:195–208.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• A-L B, Gulbahce N, Loscalzo J. Network medicine: a network-based approach to human disease. Nat Rev Genet. 2011;12(1):56–68.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Simões SN, Martins DC, Pereira CAB, et al. NERI: network-medicine based integrative approach for disease gene prioritization by relative importance. BMC Bioinformatics. 2015;16(S19):1–14.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Chang X, Xu T, Li Y, et al. Dynamic modular architecture of protein-protein interaction networks beyond the dichotomy of “date” and “party” hubs. Sci Rep. 2013;3(1):1–8.
   Google Scholar
• Agarwal S, Deane CM, Porter MA, Agarwal S, Deane CM, Porter MA, Jones NS. Revisiting Date and. Party hubs: novel approaches to role assignment in protein interaction networks. PLoS Comput Biol. 2010;6(6):e1000817.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schulte C, Barwari T, Joshi A, et al. Comparative analysis of circulating noncoding RNAs versus protein biomarkers in the detection of myocardial injury. Circ Res. 2019;125(3):328–340.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Eyileten C, Jakubik D, Shahzadi A, et al. Diagnostic performance of circulating miRNAs and extracellular vesicles in acute ischemic stroke. Int J Mol Sci. 2022;23. DOI:10.3390/ijms23094530.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Messner CB, Demichev V, Wendisch D, et al. Ultra-high-throughput clinical proteomics reveals classifiers of COVID-19 infection. Cell Syst. 2020;11(1):11–24.e4.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gutmann C, Takov K, Burnap SA, et al. SARS-CoV-2 RNAemia and proteomic trajectories inform prognostication in COVID-19 patients admitted to intensive care. Nat Commun. 2021;12(1):3406.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• de Gonzalo-Calvo D, Benítez ID, Pinilla L, Gonzalo-Calvo D de, Benítez ID, Pinilla L, Carratalá A, Moncusí-Moix A, Gort-Paniello C, et al. Circulating microRNA profiles predict the severity of COVID-19. in hospitalized patients. Transl Res. 2021;236:147–159.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Badimon L, Robinson EL, Jusic A, et al. Cardiovascular RNA markers and artificial intelligence may improve COVID-19 outcome: a position paper from the EU-CardioRNA COST Action CA17129. Cardiovasc Res. 2021;117(8):1823–1840.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gutmann C, Khamina K, Theofilatos K, et al. Association of cardiometabolic microRNAs with COVID-19 severity and mortality. Cardiovasc Res. 2022;118(2):461–474.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Palasca O, Santos A, Stolte C, et al. 2.0: an integrative web resource on mammalian tissue expression. Database. 2018;2018. DOI:10.1093/database/bay003.
   Google Scholar
• Shannon P, Markiel A, Ozier O, et al. Cytoscape: a software environment for integrated models of biomolecular interaction networks. Genome Res. 2003;13(11):2498–2504.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Doncheva NT, Morris JH, Gorodkin J, et al. Cytoscape stringApp: network analysis and visualization of proteomics data. J Proteome Res. 2019;18(2):623–632.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Reghunathan R, Jayapal M, Hsu L-Y, Chng H-H, Tai D, Leung BP, et al. BMC Immunology. p. 2. 2005. DOI:10.1186/1471-2172-6-2
   Google Scholar
• Sharma A, Garcia G, Wang Y, Plummer J T, Morizono K, Arumugaswami V, Svendsen C N. (2020). Human iPSC-Derived Cardiomyocytes Are Susceptible to SARS-CoV-2 Infection. Cell Rep Med, 1(4), 100052 10.1016/j.xcrm.2020.100052
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Desai N et al . (2020). Temporal and spatial heterogeneity of host response to SARS-CoV-2 pulmonary infection. Nat Commun, 11(1), 6319 10.1038/s41467-020-20139-7
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wicik Z, Jales Neto LH, Guzman LEF, et al. The crosstalk between bone metabolism, lncRNAs, microRNAs and mRNAs in coronary artery calcification. Genomics. 2021;113(1):503–513.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ru Y, Kechris KJ, Tabakoff B, et al. The multiMiR R package and database: integration of microRNA–target interactions along with their disease and drug associations. Nucleic Acids Res. 2014;42(17):e133.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chen E Y, Tan C M, Kou Y, Duan Q, Wang Z, Meirelles G Vaz, Clark N R, Ma'ayan A. (2013). Enrichr: interactive and collaborative HTML5 gene list enrichment analysis tool. BMC Bioinformatics, 14 128 10.1186/1471-2105-14-128
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• wma) WMA, World Medical Association (WMA). Declaration of Helsinki. Ethical Principles for Medical Research Involving Human Subjects. Jahrbuch für Wissenschaft und Ethik. pp. 233–238. 2009. DOI:10.1515/9783110208856.233
   Google Scholar
• De Rosa S, Eposito F, Carella C, et al. Transcoronary concentration gradients of circulating microRNAs in heart failure. Eur J Heart Fail. 2018;20(6):1000–1010.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• De Rosa R, De Rosa S, Leistner D, et al. Transcoronary concentration gradient of microRNA-133a and outcome in patients with coronary artery disease. Am J Cardiol. 2017;120(1):15–24.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Eyileten C, Fitas A, Jakubik D, et al. Alterations in circulating MicroRNAs and the relation of MicroRNAs to maximal oxygen consumption and intima–media thickness in ultra-marathon runners. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021;18(14):7234.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pordzik J, Eyileten-Postuła C, Jakubik D, et al. MiR-126 is an independent predictor of long-term all-cause mortality in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. J Clin Med Res. 2021;10. DOI:10.3390/jcm10112371.
   Google Scholar
• Eyileten C, Wicik Z, Keshwani D, et al. Alteration of circulating platelet-related and diabetes-related microRNAs in individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a stepwise hypoglycaemic clamp study. Cardiovasc Diabetol. 2022;21(1):79.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jafarinejad-Farsangi S, Jazi MM, Rostamzadeh F, et al. High affinity of host human microRNAs to SARS-CoV-2 genome: an in silico analysis. Noncoding RNA Res. 2020;5(4):222–231.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ahmadi A, Moradi S. In silico analysis suggests the RNAi-enhancing antibiotic enoxacin as a potential inhibitor of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Sci Rep. 2021;11(1):10271.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hamdy NM, El-Wakeel L, Suwailem SM. Involvement of depressive catecholamines as thrombosis risk/inflammatory markers in non-smoker, non-obese congestive heart failure, linked to increased epidermal growth factor-receptor (EGF-R) production. Indian J Clin Biochem. 2011;26(2):140–145.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Mitchell HD, Eisfeld AJ, Stratton KG, et al. The role of EGFR in influenza pathogenicity: multiple network-based approaches to identify a key regulator of non-lethal infections. Front Cell Dev Biol. 2019;7:200.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Venkataraman T, Coleman CM, Frieman MB. Overactive epidermal growth factor receptor signaling leads to increased fibrosis after severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus infection. J Virol. 2017;91(12). DOI:10.1128/jvi.00182-17
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wicik Z, Czajka P, Eyileten C, et al. The role of miRNAs in regulation of platelet activity and related diseases - a bioinformatic analysis. Platelets. 2022 [citied 2022 Jun 11];1–13. DOI:10.1080/09537104.2022.2042233
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Inyushin M, Zayas-Santiago A, Rojas L, et al. Platelet-generated amyloid beta peptides in Alzheimer’s disease and glaucoma. Histol Histopathol. 2019;34(8):843–856.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zamolodchikov D, Renné T, The Alzheimer’s SS. disease peptide β-amyloid promotes thrombin generation through activation of coagulation factor XII. J Thromb Haemost. 2016;14(5):995–1007.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kam T-I, Song S, Gwon Y, et al. FcγRIIb mediates amyloid-β neurotoxicity and memory impairment in Alzheimer’s disease. J Clin Invest. 2013;123(7):2791–2802.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ahn HJ, Chen Z-L, Zamolodchikov D, et al. Interactions of β-amyloid peptide with fibrinogen and coagulation factor XII may contribute to Alzheimer’s disease. Curr Opin Hematol. 2017;24(5):427–431.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zuehlke AD, Beebe K, Neckers L, et al. Regulation and function of the human HSP90AA1 gene. Gene. 2015;570(1):8–16.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wyler E, Mösbauer K, Franke V, et al. Transcriptomic profiling of SARS-CoV-2 infected human cell lines identifies HSP90 as target for COVID-19 therapy. iScience. 2021;24(3):102151.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ramos CHI, Ayinde KS. Are Hsp90 inhibitors good candidates against Covid-19? Curr Protein Pept Sci. 2020. cited 2022 Jun 11. DOI:10.2174/1389203721666201111160925.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Li C, Chu H, Liu X, et al. Human coronavirus dependency on host heat shock protein 90 reveals an antiviral target. Emerg Microbes Infect. 2020;9(1):2663–2672.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Goswami R, Russell VS, and Tu JJ, et al. Oral Hsp90 inhibitor, SNX-5422, attenuates SARS-CoV-2 replication and dampens inflammation in airway cells. iScience. 24(12) 103412. DOI:10.1016/j.isci.2021.103412.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lan C, Shi X, Guo N, et al. [Value of serum miR-155-5p and miR-133a-3p expression for the diagnosis and prognosis evaluation of sepsis]. Zhonghua Wei Zhong Bing Ji Jiu Yi Xue. 2016;28(8):694–698.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Hori K, Shimaoka K, Hoshino M, Aloufi N, Haidar Z, Ding J, Nair P, Benedetti A, Eidelman DH, et al. Role of human antigen r (hur) in the regulation of pulmonary ACE2 expression. Cells. 2021;11(1):11.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chattopadhyay S, Basak T, Nayak MK, et al. Identification of cellular calcium binding protein calmodulin as a regulator of rotavirus A infection during comparative proteomic study. PLoS One. 2013;8(2):e56655.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gardiner EE, Arthur JF, Berndt MC, et al. Role of calmodulin in platelet receptor function. Curr Med Chem Cardiovasc Hematol Agents. 2005;3(4):283–287.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Tousoulis D, Kampoli A-M, Tentolouris C, et al. The role of nitric oxide on endothelial function. Curr Vasc Pharmacol. 2012;10(1):4–18.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lambert DW, Clarke NE, Hooper NM, et al. Calmodulin interacts with angiotensin-converting enzyme-2 (ACE2) and inhibits shedding of its ectodomain. FEBS Lett. 2008;582(2):385–390.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Perrin-Cocon L, Diaz O, Jacquemin C, et al. The current landscape of coronavirus-host protein–protein interactions. J Transl Med. 2020;18(1):1–15.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wang M, Li J, Cai J, et al. Overexpression of MicroRNA-16 alleviates atherosclerosis by inhibition of inflammatory pathways. Biomed Res Int. 2020;2020:8504238.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yang Y, Yang F, Yu X, et al. miR-16 inhibits NLRP3 inflammasome activation by directly targeting TLR4 in acute lung injury. Biomed Pharmacother. 2019;112:108664.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Möhnle P, Hirschberger S, Hinske LC, et al. MicroRNAs 143 and 150 in whole blood enable detection of T-cell immunoparalysis in sepsis. Mol Med. 2018;24(1):54.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Jaguszewski M, Osipova J, Ghadri J-R, et al. A signature of circulating microRNAs differentiates takotsubo cardiomyopathy from acute myocardial infarction. Eur Heart J. 2014;35(15):999–1006.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yang J, Yang X-S, Fan S-W, et al. Prognostic value of microRNAs in heart failure: a meta-analysis. Medicine (Baltimore). 2021;100(46):e27744.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Telkoparan-Akillilar P, Cevik D. Identification of miR-17, miR-21, miR-27a, miR-106b and miR-222 as endoplasmic reticulum stress-related potential biomarkers in circulation of patients with atherosclerosis. Mol Biol Rep. 2021;48(4):3503–3513.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kim WR, Park EG, Kang K-W, et al. Expression analyses of MicroRNAs in hamster lung tissues infected by SARS-CoV-2. Mol Cells. 2020;43(11):953–963.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zheng C, Zheng Z, Sun J, et al. MiR-16-5p mediates a positive feedback loop in EV71-induced apoptosis and suppresses virus replication. Sci Rep. 2017. DOI:10.1038/s41598-017-16616-7.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Farr RJ, Rootes CL, Rowntree LC, et al. Altered microRNA expression in COVID-19 patients enables identification of SARS-CoV-2 infection. PLoS Pathog. 2021;17(7):e1009759.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chow JT-S, Prediction SL. Analysis of SARS-CoV-2-targeting MicroRNA in human lung epithelium. Genes (Basel). 2020;11. DOI:10.3390/genes11091002
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Li C, Hu X, Li L, et al. Differential microRNA expression in the peripheral blood from human patients with COVID-19. J Clin Lab Anal. 2020;34(10):e23590.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wang Z, Ruan Z, Mao Y, et al. miR-27a is up regulated and promotes inflammatory response in sepsis. Cell Immunol. 2014;290(2):190–195.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chauhan N, Jaggi M, Chauhan SC, et al. COVID-19: fighting the invisible enemy with microRNAs. Expert Rev Anti Infect Ther. 2021;19(2):137–145.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chen B, Han J, Chen S, et al. MicroLet-7b regulates neutrophil function and dampens neutrophilic inflammation by suppressing the canonical TLR4/NF-κB pathway. Front Immunol. 2021;12:653344.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Xie C, Chen Y, Luo D, et al. Therapeutic potential of C1632 by inhibition of SARS-CoV-2 replication and viral-induced inflammation through upregulating let-7. Signal Transduct Target Ther. 2021;6(1):84.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Katze MG, He Y, Jr GM. Viruses and interferon: a fight for supremacy. Nat Rev Immunol. 2002;2(9):675–687.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mitash N, Donovan E, Swiatecka-Urban A J. The role of MicroRNA in the airway surface liquid homeostasis. Int J Mol Sci. 2020 21;21(11):3848.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gracias DT, Stelekati E, Hope JL, et al. The microRNA miR-155 controls CD8(+) T cell responses by regulating interferon signaling. Nat Immunol. 2013;14(6):593–602.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Garg A, Seeliger B, Derda AA, et al. Circulating cardiovascular microRNAs in critically ill COVID −19 patients. Eur J Heart Fail. 2021;23(3):468–475.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Donyavi T, Bokharaei-Salim F, Baghi HB, et al. Acute and post-acute phase of COVID-19: analyzing expression patterns of miRNA-29a-3p, 146a-3p, 155-5p, and let-7b-3p in PBMC. Int Immunopharmacol. 2021;97:107641.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tacke F, Spehlmann ME, Vucur M, et al. miR-155 predicts long-term mortality in critically Ill patients younger than 65 years. Mediators Inflamm. 2019;2019:6714080.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar