References
- Aarset, B., Standal, D., & Asche F. 2000. Cod Farming at the Intersection of Fisheries and Aquaculture. Working Paper No. 70/00. Bergen, Norway: Foundation for Research in Economics and Business Administration. http://bora.nhh.no/bitstream/2330/1318/1/A70_00.pdf.
- Adoff, G., Skjennum, F., & Engelsen, R. 2002. Experience and prospects of Norwegian cod farming. Bulletin of the Aquaculture Association of Canada 102(1):8–11.
- Anderson, D., Glibert, P., & Burkholder, J. 2002. Harmful algal blooms and eutrophication: nutrient sources, composition, and consequences. Estuaries and Coasts 25(4):704–726.
- Asche, F. & Tveterås, S. 2004. On the relationship between aquaculture and reduction fisheries. Journal of Agricultural Economics 55(2):245–265.
- Bekkevold, D., Hansen, M., & Nielsen, E. 2006. Genetic impact of gadoid culture on wild fish populations: predictions, lessons from salmonids and possibilities for minimizing adverse effects. ICES Journal of Marine Science 63(2):198–208.
- Black, E., Gowen, R., Rosenthal, H., Roth, E., Stechy, D., & Taylor, F. 1997. The costs of eutrophication from salmon farming: implications for policy–a comment. Journal of Environmental Management 50(1):105–109.
- Brown, J., Minkoff, G., & Puvanendran, V. 2003. Larviculture of Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua): progress, protocols and problems. Aquaculture 227(1–4):357–372.
- Carrell, S. 2008. World’s First Organic Cod Farm Sinks into Administration With £40 Million Debt. http://www.guardian.co.uk/environment/2008/mar/06/environment.ethicalfishing. December 1, 2008.
- Cherry, D. 2009. Another one bites the dust. IntraFish February 20.
- Chopin, T., Buschmann, A., Halling, C., Troell, M., Kautsky, N., Neori, A., Kraerner, G., Zertuche-González, J., Yarish, C., & Neefus, C. 2001. Integrating seaweeds into marine aquaculture systems: a key toward sustainability. Journal of Phycology 37(6):975–986.
- Clover, C. 2008. World’s First Organic Cod Farm Closes. http://www.telegraph.co.uk/earth/earthcomment/charlesclover/3339185/Worlds-first-organic-cod-farm-closes.html. December 1, 2008.
- Commission of the European Communities (CEC). 2009. Communication from the Commission to the European Parliament and the Council: Building a Sustainable Future for Aquaculture. Brussels: CEC. http://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=COM:2009:0162:FIN:EN:PDF.
- Costa-Pierce, B. 2002. Ecology as the paradigm for the future of aquaculture. In B. Costa-Pierce (Ed.), Ecological Aquaculture: the Evolution of the Blue Revolution. pp. 339–372. Malden, MA: Blackwell.
- Cromey, C., Nickell, T., Treasurer, J., Black, K., & Inall, M. 2009. Modelling the impact of cod (Gadus morhua L.) farming in the marine environment–CODMOD. Aquaculture 289(1–2):42–53.
- Dahle, G., Jørstad, K., Rusaas, H., & Otterå, H. 2006. Genetic characteristics of broodstock collected from four Norwegian coastal cod (Gadus morhua) populations. ICES Journal of Marine Science 63(2):209–215.
- Dallimore, J. 2006. Consumers drive consensus on sustainability. Fish Farming International 33(1):39.
- de Vaus, D. 2002. Surveys in Social Research. 5th ed. New York: Routledge.
- Ellis, R. 2003. The Empty Ocean. Washington, DC: Island Press.
- Fish Farmer Magazine. 2006. New cod disease found in Norway. December 15:34.
- Fish Farmer Magazine. 2008. Scottish Sea Farms and Hjaltland Buy No Catch Sea Farming Sites. http://www.fishfarmer-magazine.com/news/fullstory.php/aid/1587/Scottish_Sea_Farms_and_Hjaltland_buy_No_Catch_sea_farming_sites.html. December 1, 2008.
- Fish Farmer Magazine. 2009. Scope for expansion of Irish organic salmon. http://www.fishfarmer-magazine.com/news/fullstory.php/aid/1817/Scope_for_expansion_of_Irish_organic_salmon.html.May 8, 2009.
- Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO). 2000. The State of World Fisheries and Aquaculture 2000. Rome: FAO.
- Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO). 2006. The State of World Fisheries and Aquaculture 2006. Rome: FAO.
- Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO). 2009. Fisheries Glossary. http://www.fao.org/fi/glossary/default.asp.May 8, 2009.
- Folke, C., Kautsky, N., & Troell, M. 1994. The costs of eutrophication from salmon farming: implications for policy. Journal of Environmental Management 40(2):173–182.
- Frankic, A. & Hershner, C. 2003. Sustainable aquaculture: developing the promise of aquaculture. Aquaculture International 11(6):517– 530.
- Goldburg, R., Elliott, M., & Naylor, R. 2001. Marine aquaculture in the United States. Washington, DC: Pew Oceans Commission.
- Goldburg, R. & Naylor, R. 2004. Future seascapes, fishing, and fish farming. Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment 3(1):21–28.
- Gowen, R. 1994. Managing eutrophication associated with aquaculture development. Journal of Applied Ichthyology 10(4):242–257. Hannesson, R. 2003. Aquaculture and fisheries. Marine Policy 27(2):169–178.
- Hepburn, J. 2004. Organic aquaculture–the UK experience. INFOFISH International 4:14–18.
- Highlands & Islands Enterprise. 2002. Scottish Executive Review of the Aquaculture Industry in Scotland. http://www.scotland.gov.uk/Resource/Doc/46951/0024232.pdf. December 1, 2008.
- Horwood, J., O’Brien, C., & Darby, C. 2006. North Sea cod recovery? ICES Journal of Marine Science 63(6):961–968.
- International Council for the Exploration of the Sea (ICES). 2007. ICES Advice 2007, Book 6: North Sea. Report of the ICES Advisory Committee on Fishery Management, Advisory Committee on the Marine Environment and Advisory Committee on Ecosystems. Copenhagen: ICES. http://www.ices.dk/products/icesadvice/2007/ICES%20ADVICE%202007%20Book%206.pdf.
- Jacquet, J. & Pauly, D. 2007. The rise of seafood awareness campaigns in an era of collapsing fisheries. Marine Policy 31(3):308–313.
- Jørstad, K. 2004. Genetic studies in marine stock enhancement in Norway. In K. Leber, S. Kitada, H. Blankenship, & T. Svåsand (Eds.), Proceedings of Second International Symposium on Stock Enhancement and Sea Ranching. pp. 339–352. Malden, MA: Blackwell Science.
- Kaiser, M. & Stead, S. 2002. Uncertainties and values in European aquaculture: communication, management and policy issues in times of “changing public perceptions.” Aquaculture International 10(6):469–490.
- Kapuscinski, A. & Hallerman, E. 1991. Implications of introduction of transgenic fish into natural ecosystems. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 48(1):99–107.
- Kjesbu, O., Taranger, G., & Trippel, E. 2006. Gadoid mariculture: development and future challenges. Introduction. ICES Journal of Marine Science 63(2):187–191.
- Lee, D. & Connelly, J. 2006. Global aquaculture alliance on best aquaculture practices: an industry prepares for sustainable growth. Sustainable Development Law & Policy 7(1):60–62.
- MacGarvin, M. 2000. Scotland’s Secret? Aquaculture, Nutrient Pollution Eutrophication and Toxic Blooms. Modus Vivendi for WWF. Glenlivet, Scotland: WWF Scotland. http://www.wwf.org.uk/filelibrary/pdf/secret.pdf.
- Migaud, H. 2007. Development of new management strategies for cod mariculture. Aquaculture News 33:12–13.
- Myers, R., Hutchings, J., & Barrowman, N. 1997. Why do fish stocks collapse? The example of cod in Atlantic Canada. Ecological Applications 7(1):91–106.
- Naylor, R., Goldburg, R., Mooney, H., Beveridge, M., Clay, J., Folke, C., Kautsky, N., Lubchenco, J., Primavera, J., & Williams, M. 1998. Nature’s subsidies to shrimp and salmon farming. Science 282(5390):883–884.
- Naylor, R., Goldburg, R., Primavera, J., Kautsky, N., Beveridge, M., Clay, J., Folke, C., Lubchenco, J., Mooney, H., & Troell, M. 2000. Effect of aquaculture on world fish supplies. Nature 405(6790):1017–1024.
- Naylor, R., Eagle, J., & Smith, W. 2003. Salmon aquaculture in the Pacific Northwest: a global industry with local impacts. Environment 45(8):18–39.
- Naylor, R. & Burke, M. 2005. Aquaculture and ocean resources: raising tigers of the sea. Annual Review of Environment and Resources 30:185–218.
- Naylor, R., Hindar, K., Fleming, I., Goldburg, R., Williams, S., Volpe, J., Whoriskey, F., Eagle, J., Kelso, D., & Mangel, M. 2005. Fugitive salmon: assessing the risks of escaped fish from net-pen aquaculture. BioScience 55(5):427–437.
- Neori, A., Chopin, T., Troell, M., Buschmann, A., Kraemer, G., Halling, C., Shpigel, M., & Yarish, C. 2004. Integrated aquaculture: rationale, evolution and state of the art emphasizing seaweed biofiltration in modern mariculture. Aquaculture 231(1–4):361– 391.
- Organic Food Federation (OFF). 2005. Aquaculture Standards. Book 7: Gadoids. http://www.orgfoodfed.com/Our%20Standards.htm.May 8, 2009.
- Olsen, A-B., Mikalsen, J., & Colquhoun, D. 2006. New disease identified in Norway’s farmed cod. Aquaculture Health International 4:7.
- Opstad, I., Suontama, J., Langmyhr, E., & Olsen, R. 2006. Growth, survival, and development of Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua L.) weaned onto diets containing various sources of marine protein. ICES Journal of Marine Science 63(2):320–325.
- Österblom, H., Hansson, S., Larsson, U., Hjerne, O., Wulff, F., Elmgren, R., & Folke, C. 2007. Human-induced trophic cascades and ecological regime shifts in the Baltic Sea. Ecosystems 10(6):877–889.
- Pauly, D., Christensen, V., Guénette, S., Pitcher, T., Sumaila, U., Walters, C., Watson, R., & Zeller, D. 2002. Towards sustainability in world fisheries. Nature 418(6898):689–695.
- Pauly, D. 2006. Unsustainable marine fisheries. Sustainable Development Law & Policy 7(1):10–12.
- Poulter, S. 2007. The “sham” of organic cod farming, by expert. Daily Mail February 15:12.
- Powell, K. 2003. Eat your veg. Nature 426(6965):378–379.
- Rawlinson, P. & Forster, A. 2000. The Economics of Recirculation Aquaculture. International Institute of Fisheries Economics and Trade Conference. July 10–14, Oregon State University, IIDET. http://oregonstate.edu/dept/IIFET/2000/papers/rawlinson.pdf.
- Reuters. 2008. Iceland Bank Kaupthing Files for US Bankruptcy. http://www.reuters.com/article/usDollarRpt/idUSN0150134620081201. March 1, 2009.
- Ritchie, J. & Spencer, L. 1994. Qualitative data analysis for applied policy research. In A. Bryman & R. Burgess (Eds.), Analyzing Qualitative Data. pp. 173–194. New York: Routledge.
- Rosenlund, G. & Skretting, M. 2006. Worldwide status and perspective on gadoid culture. ICES Journal of Marine Science 63(2):194– 197.
- Samuelsen, O., Nerland, A., Jørgensen, T., Schrøder, M., Svåsand, T., & Bergh, Ø. 2006. Viral and bacterial diseases of Atlantic cod Gadus morhua, their prophylaxis and treatment: a review. Diseases of Aquatic Organisms 71(3):239–254.
- Scottish Executive. 2006. Scottish Fish Farms Annual Production Survey, 2005. Aberdeen: Fisheries Research Service. http://www.marlab.ac.uk/FRS.Web/Uploads/Documents/survey2005.pdf.
- Soto, D., Jara, F., & Moreno, C. 2001. Escaped salmon in the inner seas, southern Chile: facing ecological and social conflicts. Ecological Applications 11(6):1750–1762.
- Standal, D. & Bouwer Utne, I. 2007. Can cod farming affect cod fishing? A system evaluation of sustainability. Marine Policy 31(4):527–534.
- Tilseth, S. 1990. New marine fish species for cold-water farming. Aquaculture 85(1–4):235–245.
- Troell, M., Halling, C., Neori, A., Chopin, T., Buschmann, A., Kautsky, N., & Yarish, C. 2003. Integrated mariculture: asking the right questions. Aquaculture 226(1–4):69–90.
- Walden, J. 2000. The Atlantic cod: the potential for farming in Shetland. Fisheries Information Note 3:January.
- Wurts, W. 2000. Sustainable aquaculture in the twenty-first century. Reviews in Fisheries Science 8(2):141–150.