References
- Adolfsen, J. F., F. Kuik, E. M. Lis, and T. Schuler. 2022. “The Impact of the War in Ukraine on Euro Area Energy Markets.” European Central Bank. https://www.ecb.europa.eu/pub/economic-bulletin/focus/2022/html/ecb.ebbox202204_01∼68ef3c3dc6.en.html (December 17, 2022).
- Aljazeera. 2022. “Majority of Swedes Favor Joining NATO.” Aljazeera. https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2022/4/21/majority-of-swedes-in-favour-of-joining-nato (December 10, 2022).
- Anghel, V., and E. Jones. 2022. “Is Europe Really Forged Through Crisis? Pandemic EU and the Russia–Ukraine War.” Journal of European Public Policy 30 (4):766–786. doi:10.1080/13501763.2022.2140820.
- Berntzen, E. 2020. “Historical and Longitudinal Analyses.” In The SAGE handbook of political science. Vol. 3. London: SAGE Publications Ltd., 390–405.
- Bollfrass, A. K., and S. Herzog. 2022. “The War in Ukraine and Global Nuclear Order.” Survival 64 (4):7–32. doi:10.1080/00396338.2022.2103255.
- Bradberry, L. A., and J. De Maio. 2019. “Learning by Doing: The Long-Term Impact of Experiential Learning Programs on Student Success.” Journal of Political Science Education 15 (1):94–111. doi:10.1080/15512169.2018.1485571.
- Braemar Markets 2022. “Braemer Markets.” https://braemarmarkets.com/Braemar/web/events.htm (December 9, 2022).
- Brennan, M. 2022. “Polls Show 46% in Favour of Irish Troops Serving in European Army.” https://www.businesspost.ie/politics/poll-shows-46-in-favour-of-irish-troops-serving-in-european-army/ (December 12, 2022).
- Bromley, P. 2013. “Active Learning Strategies for Diverse Learning Styles: Simulations Are Only One Method.” PS: Political Science & Politics 46 (04):818–822. doi:10.1017/S1049096513001145.
- Collier, D., and G. L. Munck. 2017. “Building Blocks and Methodological Challenges: A Framework for Studying Critical Junctures.” Qualitative and Multi-Method Research 15 (1):2–9.
- Collier, R. B., and D. Collier. 2002. Shaping the Political Arena: Critical Junctures, the Labor Movement, and Regime Dynamics in Latin America. Notre Dame: University of Notre Dame Press.
- Capoccia, G. 2016. “Critical Junctures.” In The Oxford Handbook of Historical Institutionalism, Oxford: Oxford University Press, 89–106.
- Capoccia, G., and R. Kelemen. 2007. “The Study of Critical Junctures: Theory, Narrative, and Counterfactuals in Historical Institutionalism.” World Politics 59 (3):341–369. doi:10.1017/S0043887100020852.
- Chatterjee, P. 2022. Are Sweden and Finland going from neutral to NATO. BBC News, 11.
- Cottey, Andrew. 2013. “The European Neutrals and NATO: Ambiguous Partnership.” Contemporary Security Policy 34 (3):446–472. doi:10.1080/13523260.2013.842295.
- Council of the EU. 2022. “European Peace Facility: EU Support to Ukraine increased to €2.5 Billion.” https://www.consilium.europa.eu/en/press/press-releases/2022/07/22/european-peace-facility-eu-support-to-ukraine-increased-to-2-5-billion/ (December 14, 2022).
- Cunningham, K. 2022. “Poll: Sands Beginning to Shift on Irish Neutrality.” https://www.independent.ie/irish-news/politics/poll-sands-beginning-to-shift-on-irish-neutrality-41416077.html (December 11).
- Dorosh, Lesia, Lesia Dorosh, and Polina Dverii. 2022. “Neutrality in Perspective: The European Neutral States’ Integration Priorities and Cooperation in Security and Defence.” ACTA POLITOLOGICA 14 (1):17–42. doi:10.14712/1803-8220/12_2021.
- Esping-Andersen, G. 1990. The Three Worlds of Welfare Capitalism. Princeton: Princeton University Press.
- European Commission, Directorate-General for Energy. 2021. EU Energy in Figures: Statistical Pocketbook 2021. Publications Office of the European Union. https://data.europa.eu/doi/10.2833/511498 (December 12, 2022).
- European Commission 2022. “Market Analysis.” https://energy.ec.europa.eu/data-and-analysis/market-analysis_en#gas-market–-recent-developments (December 12, 2022).
- Eurostat 2020. “From Where Do We Import Energy?” [Data Infographic]. https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/cache/infographs/energy/bloc-2c.html (December 13, 2022).
- Eurostat 2022. “Energy Dependence.” https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/t2020_rd320/default/line?lang=en (December 15, 2022).
- Evan, M. K. 2022. “Moscow’s Strategic Culture: Russian Militarism in an Era of Great Power Competition.” Journal of Advanced Military Studies 13 (1):69–87.
- Falk, T. 2022. “Ukraine War Fails to Nudge Neutral Switzerland Closer to NATO.” https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2022/4/29/why-switzerland-is-unlikely-to-join-nato-anytime-soon (December 9, 2022).
- Fioretos, O., T. G. Falleti, and A. Sheingate. 2016. “Historical Institutionalism in Political Science.” In The Oxford Handbook of Historical Institutionalism, Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1.
- Flockhart, T., and E. A. Korosteleva. 2022. “War in Ukraine: Putin and the Multi-Order World.” Contemporary Security Policy 43 (3):466–481. doi:10.1080/13523260.2022.2091591.
- Granlund, J. 2022. “Significantly Increased Support for NATO - 57 Percent Want to Join.” https://www.aftonbladet.se/nyheter/a/1O90qq/kraftigt-okat-stod-for-nato-57-procent-vill-ga-med (December 15).
- Grazia, 2022. “Trade Flows with Russia Since the Start of its Invasion of Ukraine.” European Central Bank, May. https://www.ecb.europa.eu/pub/economic-bulletin/focus/2022/html/ecb.ebbox202205_01∼9a64e27f6f.en.html (December 13).
- Haque, A. A. 2022. “An Unlawful War.” American Journal of International Law 116 : 155–159. doi:10.1017/aju.2022.23.
- Herrera, Y. 2023. “Teaching the Russian War on Ukraine.” Journal of Political Science Education (forthcoming).
- Hunt, E. M. 2022. “The Past, Present, and Future States of Political Theory.” Society 59 (2):119–128. doi:10.1007/s12115-022-00703-1.
- Ikenberry, G. J. 2017. “The Plot Against American Foreign Policy: Can the Liberal Order Survive.” Foreign Affairs 96(2):1–7.
- Keaten, J. 2022. “Switzerland Called a Safe Haven for Russian Oligarchs.” CTV News. https://www.ctvnews.ca/world/switzerland-called-a-safe-haven-for-russian-oligarchs-1.5973038 (December 12, 2022).
- Kirby, P. 2022. “Why has Russia Invaded Ukraine and What Does Putin Want?” BBC News. https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-56720589 (September 1, 2022).
- Kumar, N. 2022. “Germany Depends on Russian Gas. Will It Still Stand with Ukraine Through a Brutal Winter?” Grid News. https://www.grid.news/story/global/2022/08/23/germany-depends-on-russian-gas-will-it-still-stand-with-ukraine-through-a-brutal-winter/ (December 12, 2022).
- Lamy, Steven. 2022. “Finland’s and Sweden’s Pursuit of NATO Membership is the Exact Opposite of What Putin Wanted for Russia’s Neighbours.” The Conversation. https://theconversation.com/finlands-and-swedens-pursuit-of-nato-membership-is-the-exact-opposite-of-what-putin-wanted-for-russian-neighbors-183574 (December 8, 2022).
- Lantis, J. S. 2022. Active Learning in Political Science for a Post-Pandemic World: From Triage to Transformation. Cham: Springer Nature.
- Legvold, R. 2016. Return to Cold War. London: John Wiley & Sons.
- Levi, M. 1997. “A model, a Method, and a Map: Rational Choice in Comparative and Historical Analysis.” In Comparative Politics: Rationality, Culture, and Structure, eds. M. I. Lichbach and A. S. Zuckerman. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 19–41.
- Lipset, S. M., and S. Rokkan. 1967. “Cleavage Structures, Party Systems, and Voter Alignments.” In Party Systems and Voter Alignments: Cross-National Perspectives, eds. S. M. Lipset and S. Rokkan. New York: Free Press, 1–64.
- Marsh, S., and M. Chambers. 2022. “Germany Freezes Nord Stream 2 Gas Project as Ukraine Crisis Deepens.” Reuters. https://www.reuters.com/business/energy/germanys-scholz-halts-nord-stream-2-certification-2022-02-22/ (December 15, 2022).
- Morrice, L. 2022. “Will the War in Ukraine Be a Pivotal Moment for Refugee Education in Europe?” International Journal of Lifelong Education 41 (3):251–256. doi:10.1080/02601370.2022.2079260.
- Murphy, S. 2020. “Friends With Benefits? NATO and the European Neutral/Non-aligned States.” In Small States and the New Security Environment, eds. A.-M. Brady and B. Thorhallsson. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 153–171.
- Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights. 2023. “Ukraine: Civilian Casualty Update 24 September 2023.” https://www.ohchr.org/en/news/2023/09/ukraine-civilian-casualty-update-24-september-2023 (October 5, 2023).
- Oros, A. L. 2007. “Let’s Debate: Active Learning Encourages Student Participation and Critical Thinking.” Journal of Political Science Education 3 (3):293–311. doi:10.1080/15512160701558273.
- Pancevski, B., and G. Kantchev. 2022. “Nuclear Power Plants Could Stay Open, Says Germany.” The Wall Street Journal, August 3. https://www.wsj.com/articles/nuclear-power-plants-could-stay-open-says-germany-11659533181 (December 12, 2022).
- Pierson, P. 2000. “Increasing Returns, Path Dependence, and the Study of Politics.” American Political Science Review 94 (2):251–267. doi:10.2307/2586011.
- Pogatchnik, S. 2022. “Poll: More Irish Want to Join NATO in Wake of Ukraine Invasion.” Politico. https://www.politico.eu/article/poll-more-irish-want-to-join-nato/ (December 13, 2022).
- Przeworski, A., M. Alvarez, J. A. Cheibub, and F. Limongi. 1996. “What Makes Democracies Endure?” Journal of Democracy 7 (1):39–55. doi:10.1353/jod.1996.0016.
- Revill, J. 2022. “Analysis: Neutral Switzerland Leans Closer to NATO in Response to Russia.” https://www.reuters.com/markets/europe/neutral-switzerland-leans-closer-nato-response-russia-2022-05-15/ (December 12, 2022).
- Reuters 2023. “Black Sea Grain Deal: What’s Next Now that Russia has Pulled Out?” https://www.reuters.com/markets/commodities/why-does-black-sea-grain-deals-expiry-matter-2023-07-17/ (October 3).
- Rokkan, S. 1970. “The Growth and Structuring of Mass Politics in Western Europe: Reflections of Possible Models of Explanation.” Scandinavian Political Studies 5 (A5):65–83. doi:10.1111/j.1467-9477.1970.tb00472.x.
- Rudolph, J., and S. Tan. 2022. “The War in Ukraine as an Opportunity to Teach Critical Thinking.” Journal of Applied Learning and Teaching 5 (1):165–173.
- Shapiro, I., S. C. Stokes, E. J. Wood, and A. S. Kirshner, eds. 2010. Political Representation. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
- Shinko, R. E. 2006. “Thinking, Doing, and Writing International Relations Theory.” International Studies Perspectives 7 (1):43–50. doi:10.1111/j.1528-3577.2006.00229.x.
- Statista 2022. “Perception in Sweden on Whether the Country Should Join NATO in May 2022.” https://www.statista.com/statistics/1309587/survey-perception-nato-membership-sweden-age/ (December 17, 2022).
- Stockemer, D. 2019. Quantitative methods for the social sciences. Cham, Switzerland: Springer International Publishing, Vol. 50, p. 185.
- TASS 2022. “World Will Never the Be Same Says Putin.” https://tass.com/politics/1467255 (December 18).
- United Nations (UN) Refugee Agency 2023. “Ukraine Refugee Situation.” https://data.unhcr.org/en/situations/ukraine (October 6, 2023).
- UN News. 2022. “Gueterres in Senegal: ‘Triple crisis’ in Africa Aggravated by War in Ukraine.” https://news.un.org/en/story/2022/05/1117352 (December 6, 2022).
- van der Made, J. 2022. “Is the War in Ukraine Creating a New World Order?” RFI. https://www.rfi.fr/en/international/20220618-is-the-war-in-ukraine-creating-a-new-world-order (December 15).
- Vanttinen, P. 2022. “Swedes Increasingly in Favor of Joining NATO.” https://www.euractiv.com/section/politics/short_news/swedes-increasingly-in-favour-of-joining-nato/ (December 14).
- Weinberg, C. 2022. “Finnish Support for NATO Membership Jumps to at Least 76% in Latest Poll.” https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2022-05-09/finnish-support-for-nato-membership-jumps-to-76-in-latest-poll (December 12).
- Ydén, C., J. Berndtsson, and M. Petersson. 2019. “Sweden and the Issue of NATO Membership: exploring a Public Opinion Paradox.” Defence Studies 19 (1):1–18. doi:10.1080/14702436.2019.1568192.
- Yle News. 2022. “Yle Poll: Support for NATO Membership Soars to 76%.” May 9. https://yle.fi/news/3-12437506 (December 19, 2022).