Literature cited
- Byrne, M.E., and G.S. Howell. 1978. Initial response of Baco noir grapevines to pruning severity, sucker removal, and weed control. Amer. J. Enol. Viticult. 29:192–198.
- Dami, I.E., D. Kinney, and S. Li. 2014. Polar vortex and its impact on grapes. Ohio Grape-Wine Electronic Newsletter. 10 Jan., Issue: 2–6.
- Dami, I.E., and D. Lewis. 2014. 2014 Grape winter damage survey report HCS Series #816. Dept. Hort. Crop Sci., Ohio State Univ., OARDC, Wooster. 16 May 2014. <http://hdl.handle.net/1811/60447≥.
- Dami, I.E., S. Ennahli, and Y. Zhang. 2012. Assessment of winter injury in grape cultivars and pruning strategies following a freezing stress event. Amer. J. Enol. Viticult. 63:106–111.
- Dami, I.E., S. Li, and Y. Zhang. 2016. Evaluation of primary bud freezing tolerance of twenty-three winegrape cultivars new to the eastern United States. Amer. J. Enol. Viticult. 67:139–144.
- Dry, P.R., and B.R. Loveys. 1998. Factors influencing grapevine vigour and the potential for control with partial rootzone drying. Aust. J. Grape Wine Res. 4:140–148.
- Grant, T.N., and I.E. Dami. 2015. Physiological and biochemical seasonal changes in Vitis genotypes with contrasting freezing tolerance. Amer. J. Enol. Viticult. 64:195–202.
- Grant, T.N., J. Gargrave., and I.E. Dami. 2013. Morphological, physiological, and biochemical changes in Vitis genotypes in response to photoperiod regimes. Amer. J. Enol. Viticulture. 64:466–475.
- Hamman, R.A., I.E. Dami, T.M. Walsh, and C. Stushnoff. 1996. Seasonal carbohydrate changes and cold hardiness of chardonnay and Reisling grapevines. Amer. J. Enol. Viticult. 47:31–36.
- Howell, G.S. 1988. Cultural manipulation of vine cold hardiness. Proc. Intl. Symp. Cool Climate Viti. Enol., Auckland, New Zealand, Jan. 1988, pp. 98–102.
- Howell, G.S., and N.J. Shaulis. 1980. Factors influencing within-vine variation in the cold resistance of cane and primary bud tissues. Amer. J. Enol. Viticult. 31:158–161.
- Jones, K., J. Paroschy, B. Mckersie, and S. Bowley. 1999. Carbohydrate composition and freezing tolerance of canes and buds in Vitis vinifera. J. Plant Physiol. 155:101–106.
- Keller, M., and L.J. Mills. 2007. Effect of pruning on recovery and productivity of cold-injured Merlot grapevines. Amer. J. Enol. Viticult. 58:351–357.
- Levitt, J. 1980. Responses of plants to environmental stresses. Academic Press, New York, NY.
- Pearce, R.S., and E.N. Ashworth. 1992. Cell shape and localization of ice in leaves of overwintering wheat during frost stress in the field. Planta 188:324–331.
- Poling, E.B. 2008. Spring cold injury to wine grapes and protection strategies and methods. HortScience 43:1652–1662.
- Pool, R.M., and G.E. Howard. 1985. Managing vineyards to survive low temperatures with some potential varieties for hardiness. Proc. Intl. Symp. Cool Climate Viti. Enol., Corvallis, OR, 25–28 June 1985, pp. 184–197.
- Ru, S. 2011. Mechanistic view of shoot vigor in grapevines: Xylem anatomy, hydraulics and reproductive growth. Master’s thesis, Wash. State Univ., Pullman, Master’s thesis.
- Sakai, A., and W. Larcher. 1987. Frost survival of plants: Responses and adaptation to freezing stress (Ecol. Studies 62). Springer-Verlag, Berlin.
- Schubert, A., V. Novello, and E. Peterlunger. 1999. Shoot orientation affects vessel size hydraulic conductivity and shoot growth rate in Vitis vinifera L. Plant Cell Environ. 22:197–204.
- Singh, J., and W. Miller. 1985. Biophysical and ultrastructural studies of membrane alterations in plant cells during extracellular freezing: Molecular mechanism of membrane injury, p. 62–71. CRC Press Inc., Boca Raton, FL.
- Taiz, L., and E. Zeiger. 2002. Plant physiology, 3rd ed. Sinauer Associates Inc., Sunderland, MA.
- Tyree, M.T., K.J. Kolb, S.B. Rood, and S. Patino. 1994. Vulnerability to drought-induced cavitation of riparian cottonwoods in Alberta: A possible factor in the decline of an ecosystem? Tree Physiol. 14:455–466.
- Tyree, M.T., and M.H. Zimmermann. 2002. Xylem structure and the ascent of sap, 2nd ed., 283 p. Springer, Berlin.
- Wolfe, W. 2000. Vine and vineyard management following low temperature injury, p. 101–110. In J.M. Rantz (ed.). Proceedings of the ASEV 50th Anniversary Annual Meeting. American Society for Enology and Viticulture, Davis, CA.
- Zabadal, T.J., I.E. Dami, M.C. Goffinet, T.E. Martinson, and M.L. Chien. 2007. Winter injury to grapevines and methods of protection. Mich. State Univ. Ext. Bul. 2930.
- Zhao, L., A.M. Channon, N. Chattopadhyay, I.E. Dami, and J.J. Blakeslee. 2016. Quantification of carbohydrates in grape tissues using capillary zone electrophoresis. Front. Plant Sci. 7(818):1–14.