Climate Change and Cultural Heritage: A Landscape Vulnerability Framework

References

• Accardo, G., E. Giani, and A. Giovagnoli. 2003. The risk map of Italian cultural heritage. Journal of Architectural Conservation 9(2):41–57.
   Google Scholar
• Alexandrakis, G., A. Karditsa, S. Poulos, G. Ghionis, and N. A. Kampanis. 2010. An assessment of the vulnerability to erosion of the coastal zone due to a potential rise of sea level: the case of the Hellenic Aegean coast. Environmental Systems, Vol. III (A. Sydow, ed.):324–343. Oxford: Eolss Publishers.
   Google Scholar
• Anderson, D., T. Bissett, S. Yerka, J. Wells, E. Kansa, S. Kansa, K. Noak Myers, R. C. DeMuth, and D. White. 2017. Sea-level rise and archaeological site destruction: An example from the southeastern United States using DINAA (Digital Index of North American Archaeology). PLOS ONE 12(11):e0188142.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Balica, S., and Wright, N.G., 2010. Reducing the complexity of the flood vulnerability index. Environmental Hazards, 9(4), pp.321-339. https://doi.org/10.3763/ehaz.2010.0043
   Google Scholar
• Balica, S. F., N. G. Wright, and F. van der Meulen. 2012. A flood vulnerability index for coastal cities and its use in assessing climate change impacts. Natural Hazards 64(1):73–105.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Barnett, J., S. Lambert, and I. Fry. 2008. The hazards of indicators: insights from the environmental vulnerability index. Annals of the Association of American Geographers 98(1):102–119.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Boruff, B. J., and S. L. Cutter. 2007. The environmental vulnerability of Caribbean island nations. Geographical Review 97(1):24–45.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bradley, A., V. Buchli, G. Fairclough, D. Hicks, J. Miller, and J. Schofield. 2004. Change and Creation: Historic Landscape Character 1950-2000. London: English Heritage
   Google Scholar
• Bromhead, E. N., and M. L. Ibsen. 2006. A review of landsliding and coastal erosion damage to historic fortifications in South East England. Landslides 3(4):341–347.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Burke, M., J. Dykema, D. B. Lobell, E. Miguel, and S. Satyanath. 2015. Incorporating climate uncertainty into estimates of climate change impacts. Review of Economics and Statistics 97(2):461–471.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cassar, M., and R. Pender. 2003. Climate Change and the Historic Environment. London: UCL Centre for Sustainable Heritage.
   Google Scholar
• Chadwick-Moore, J. L. 2014. A Spatial Analysis of the Impacts of Climate Change on Coastal Archeological Sites in Maryland. M.Sc. Thesis. Towson: Towson University.
   Google Scholar
• Church, J. A., P. U. Clark, A. Cazenave, J. M. Gregory, S. Jevrejeva, A. Levermann, M. A. Merrifield, et al. 2013. Sea level change. In Climate Change 2013: The Physical Science Basis. Contribution of Working Group I to the Fifth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (T. F. Stocker, D. Qin, G.-K. Plattner, M. Tignor, S. K. Allen, J. Boschung, A. Nauels, Y. Xia, V. Bex, and P. M. Midgley, eds.). Cambridge and New York: Cambridge University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Clarke, J., J. Darlington, and G. Fairclough. 2004. Using Historic Landscape Characterisation. Swindon: English Heritage and Lancashire County Council.
   Google Scholar
• Collins, M., R. Knutti, J. Arblaster, J.-L. Dufresne, T. Fichefet, P. Friedlingstein, X. Gao, et al. 2013. Long-term climate change: Projections, commitments and irreversibility. In Climate Change 2013: The Physical Science Basis. Contribution of Working Group I to the Fifth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (T. F. Stocker, D. Qin, G.-K. Plattner, M. Tignor, S. K. Allen, J. Boschung, A. Nauels, Y. Xia, V. Bex and P. M. Midgley, eds.). Cambridge and New York: Cambridge University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Cooney, G. 2003. Social landscapes in Irish prehistory. In The Archaeology and Anthropology of Landscape: Shaping Your Landscape (R. Layton and P. Ucko, eds.):46–65. London: Routledge.
   Google Scholar
• Cornwall County Council. 2011. Cornwall Historic Landscape Character Texts 2008 (Developed from Texts Prepared in 1994 by Peter Herring for the Cornwall Landscape Character Assessment); Cornwall Country Council 1996). Truro: Cornwall County Council. http://archaeologydataservice.ac.uk/archiveDS/archiveDownload?t=arch-1641-1/dissemination/pdf/Cornwall_Historic_Landscape_Character_Types_texts.pdf (accessed March 20, 2018).
   Google Scholar
• Cranfield University. 2018. LandIS—Land Information System. National Soil Map for England and Wales—NATMAP. http://www.landis.org.uk/data/natmap.cfm (accessed March 21, 2018).
   Google Scholar
• Custard, B. 2017. Britain’s top 10 abandoned coastal villages. Countryfile [online], June 15. http://www.countryfile.com/explore-countryside/places/britains-abandoned-coastal-villages (accessed Oct. 3, 2017).
   Google Scholar
• Daire, M. Y., E. Lopez-Romero, J. N. Proust, H. Regnauld, S. Pian, and B. Shi. 2012. Coastal changes and cultural heritage (1): Assessment of the vulnerability of the coastal heritage in Western France. The Journal of Island and Coastal Archaeology 7(2):168–182.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Daly, C. 2013. A Cultural Heritage Management Methodology for Assessing the Vulnerabilities of Archaeological Sites to Predicted Climate Change, Focusing on Ireland’s Two World Heritage Sites. Ph.D. Dissertation. Dublin: Dublin Institute of Technology.
   Google Scholar
• Devenport, D., and F. Hays. 2015. Case Study 4: Cultural resources inventory and vulnerability assessment, Bering Land Bridge National Preserve, Alaska Cape Krusenstern National Monument, Alaska. In Coastal Adaptation Strategies: Case Studies (C. A. Schupp, R. L. Beavers, and M. A. Caffrey, eds.). Fort Collins, CO: National Park Service.
   Google Scholar
• Dunnell, R. C. 1992. The notion site. In Space, Time, and Archaeological Landscapes (J. Rossignol and L. Wandsnider eds.):21–42. Berlin: Springer Science & Business Media.
   Google Scholar
• Dunnell, R. C., and W. S. Dancey. 1983. The siteless survey: a regional scale data collection strategy. Advances in Archaeological Method and Theory 6:267–287.
   Google Scholar
• Fairclough, G. 2003a. ‘The long chain’: Archaeology, historical landscape characterization and time depth in the landscape. In Landscape Interfaces (H. Palang and G. Fry, eds.):295–318. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands
   Google Scholar
• Fairclough, G. 2003b. Cultural landscape, sustainability and living with change? In Managing Change: Sustainable Approaches to the Conservation of the Built Environment, The Proceedings of the US/ICOMOS 4th International Symposium, April 5–8, 2001 (J. M. Teutonico and F. Matero, eds.):23–46. Philadelphia: The Getty Conservation Institute.
   Google Scholar
• Fairclough, G. 2006. Large scale, long duration and broad perceptions: Scale issues in historic landscape characterisation. In Confronting Scale in Archaeology (G. Lock and B. L. Molyneaux, eds.):203–215. New York: Springer US.
   Google Scholar
• Fairclough, G., G. Lambrick, and D. Hopkins. 2002. Historic landscape characterisation in England and a Hampshire case study. In Europe’s Cultural Landscape: Archaeologists and the Management of Change (G. Fairclough, S. Rippon, and D. Bull, eds.):69–83. Namur: Europae Archaeologiae Consilium.
   Google Scholar
• Fitzpatrick, S. M., M. Kappers, and Q. Kaye. 2006. Field reports: Excavation and survey—coastal erosion and site destruction on Carriacou, West Indies. Journal of Field Archaeology 31(3):251–262.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Glick, P., B. A. Stein, and N. A. Edelson. 2011. Scanning the conservation horizon: A guide to climate change vulnerability assessment. Washington DC: National Wildlife Federation
   Google Scholar
• GAT. 2019. Archwilio: The Historic Environment Records of Wales. https://www.archwilio.org.uk/arch/ (accessed Jan. 10, 2019).
   Google Scholar
• Grossi, C. M., P. Brimblecombe, and I. Harris. 2007. Predicting long term freeze–thaw risks on Europe built heritage and archaeological sites in a changing climate. Science of the Total Environment 377(2):273–281.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gütschow, J., L. Jeffery, R. Alexander, B. Hare, M. Schaeffer, M. Rocha, N.Höhne, H. Fekete, P. van, Breevoort, and K. Blok, 2015. INDCs lower projected warming to 2.7˚C: Significant progress but stillabove 2˚C. Climate Action Tracker Update [pdf]. 3E% [Accessed 29 April 2019]
   Google Scholar
• Hegde, A. V. and V. R. Reju. 2007. Development of coastal vulnerability index for Mangalore Coast, India. Journal of Coastal Research 23(5):1106–1111.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kriebel, D. L., J. D. Geiman, and G. R. Henderson. 2015. Future flood frequency under sea-level rise scenarios. Journal of Coastal Research 31(5):1078–1083.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Landorf, C. 2009. A framework for sustainable heritage management: A study of UK industrial heritage sites. International Journal of Heritage Studies 15(6):494–510.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lane, M. E., P. H. Kirshen, and R. M. Vogel. 1999. Indicators of impacts of global climate change on US water resources. Journal of Water Resources Planning and Management 125(4):194–204.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McLaughlin, S., and J. A. G. Cooper. 2010. A multi-scale coastal vulnerability index: A tool for coastal managers? Environmental Hazards 9(3):233–248.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McLaughlin, S., J. McKenna, and J. A. G. Cooper. 2002. Socio-economic data in coastal vulnerability indices: constraints and opportunities. Journal of Coastal Research 36(Special Issue):487–497.
   Google Scholar
• Meinshausen, M., S. J. Smith, K. Calvin, J. S. Daniel, M. L. T. Kainuma, J. F. Lamarque, K. Matsumoto, et al. 2011. The RCP greenhouse gas concentrations and their extensions from 1765 to 2300. Climatic Change 109(1-2):213.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Minos-Minopoulos, D. 2015. Vulnerability and Risk of Archaeological Sites to Geological-Geomorphological Processes. Ph.D. Dissertation. Kallithea: Harokopio University.
   Google Scholar
• Mitasova, H., J. Hofierka, M. Zlocha, and L. R. Iverson. 1996. Modeling topographic potential for erosion and deposition using GIS. Int. Journal of Geographical Information Science 10(5):629–641.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Newman, R., and C. Newman. 2009. A Guide to Using the Cumbria Historic Landscape Characterisation Database for Cumbria’s Planning Authorities. Carlisle: Cumbria County Council. https://www.cumbria.gov.uk/eLibrary/Content/Internet/538/755/3349/4011611379.pdf (accessed March 23, 2018).
   Google Scholar
• Nguyen, T. T., J. Bonetti, K. Rogers, and C. D. Woodroffe. 2016. Indicator-based assessment of climate-change impacts on coasts: a review of concepts, methodological approaches and vulnerability indices. Ocean & Coastal Management 123:18–43. Office for National Statistics. 2013. KS101EW—Usual Resident Population. https://www.nomisweb.co.uk/query/construct/submit.asp?forward=yes&menuopt=201&subcomp= (accessed Oct. 3, 2017).
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Palmer, M., T., Howard, J. Tinker, and J. Lowe. 2016. Hadley Centre Technical Note No. 100: Marine Projections. Exeter: Met Office Hadley Centre.
   Google Scholar
• Pendleton, E. A., E. R. Thieler, and S. J. Williams. 2005. Coastal Vulnerability Assessment of Channel Islands National Park (CHIS) to Sea-Level Rise. Reston: US Geological Survey.
   Google Scholar
• RCAHMW. 2019. National Monuments Record of Wales [database]. Available at <https://rcahmw.gov.uk/national-monuments-record-of-wales/> https://rcahmw.gov.uk/national-monuments-record-of-wales/https://rcahmw.gov.uk/national-monuments-record-of-wales/(accessed Feb. 9, 2017).
   Google Scholar
• Reeder, L. A., T. C. Rick, and J. M. Erlandson. 2012. Our disappearing past: A GIS analysis of the vulnerability of coastal archaeological resources in California’s Santa Barbara Channel region. Journal of Coastal Conservation 16(2):187–197.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Reeder-Myers, L. A. 2015. Cultural heritage at risk in the twenty-first century: A vulnerability assessment of coastal archaeological sites in the United States. The Journal of Island and Coastal Archaeology 10(3):436–445.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Robinson, M. H., C. R. Alexander, C. W. Jackson, C. P. McCabe, and D. Crass. 2010. Threatened archaeological, historic, and cultural resources of the Georgia Coast: Identification, prioritization and management using GIS technology. Geoarchaeology 25:312–326.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rockman, M., M., Morgan, S. Ziaja, G. Hambrecht, and A. Meadow. 2016. Cultural Resources Climate Change Strategy. Washington, DC: NPS Cultural Resources, Partnerships, and Science and Climate Change Response Program.
   Google Scholar
• Sear, D. A., S. R. Bacon, A. Murdock, G. Doneghan, P. Baggaley, C. Serra, and T. P. LeBas. 2011. Cartographic, geophysical and diver surveys of the medieval town site at Dunwich, Suffolk, England. International Journal of Nautical Archaeology 40(1):113–132.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sear, D. A., R. Scaife, and C. Langdon. 2015. Touching the Tide Dunwich Land Based Archaeological Survey: 2014-15. Southampton: University of Southampton. http://www.dunwich.org.uk/resources/documents/Touching_The_Tide_Project_Report_Cliff_and_Core_survey2014_Final.pdf (accessed Oct. 3, 2017).
   Google Scholar
• Thieler, R. E., and E. S. Hammar-Klose. 2000. National Assessment of Coastal Vulnerability to Sea-Level Rise: Preliminary Results for the U.S. Pacific Coast. U.S. Geological. Reston: US Geological Survey Numbered Series 2000-178.
   Google Scholar
• Torresan, S., A. Critto, M. Dalla Valle, N. Harvey, and A. Marcomini. 2008. Assessing coastal vulnerability to climate change: Comparing segmentation at global and regional scales. Sustainability Science 3:45–65.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Turner, B. L. I., R. E. Kasperson, P. A. Matson, J. J. McCarthy, R. W. Corell, L. Christensen, N. Eckley, et al. 2003. A framework for vulnerability analysis in sustainability science. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences US 100:8074–8079.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Turner, S. 2006. Historic landscape characterisation: a landscape archaeology for research, management and planning. Landscape Research 31(4):385–398.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Van Rensselaer, M. 2014. A GIS analysis of environmental and anthropogenic threats to coastal archaeological sites in southern Monterey County, California. Proceedings of the Society for California Archaeology 28:373–380.
   Google Scholar
• Watts, G., R. W. Battarbee, J. P. Bloomfield, J. Crossman, A. Daccache, I. Durance, J. A. Elliott, et al. 2015. Climate change and water in the UK—past changes and future prospects. Progress in Physical Geography 39(1):6–28.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Westley, K., T. Bell, M. A. P. Renouf, and L. Tarasov. 2011. Impact assessment of current and future sea-level change on coastal archaeological resources—illustrated examples from northern Newfoundland. The Journal of Island and Coastal Archaeology 6(3):351–374.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Westley, K., and R. McNeary. 2014. Assessing the impact of coastal erosion on archaeological sites: A case study from Northern Ireland. Conservation and Management of Archaeological Sites 16(3):185–211.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Whitney, C. K., N. J. Bennett, N. C. Ban, E. H. Allison, D. Armitage, J. L. Blythe, J. M. Burt, et al. 2017. Adaptive capacity: From assessment to action in coastal social-ecological systems. Ecology and Society 22(2):22.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wylie, J. 2007. Landscape. London: Routledge.
   Google Scholar
• Zlocha, M. and J. Hofierka. 2014. R.flow. https://grass.osgeo.org/grass64/manuals/r.flow.html (accessed Oct. 24, 2017).
   Google Scholar