Production of ethanol and bio-chars from Pakistani ligno-cellulosic biomasses

References

• Akhtar, S., Hussain, M., Hassan, S., and Iqbal, N. 2015. Economics and dependence of wheat productivity on farm size in Southern Punjab. J. Environ. Agric. Sci. 2.
   Google Scholar
• Ali, T., Huang, J., and Yang, J. 2013. Impact assessment of global and national biofuels developments on agriculture in Pakistan. Appl. Energy 104:466–474.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Angın, D. 2013. Effect of pyrolysis temperature and heating rate on biochar obtained from pyrolysis of safflower seed press cake. Bioresour. Technol. 128: 593–597.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dawei, A., Zhimin, W., Shuting, Z., and Hongxing, Y. 2006. Low‐temperature pyrolysis of municipal solid waste: influence of pyrolysis temperature on the characteristics of solid fuel. ‎Int. J. Energy Res. 30:349–357.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Demirbas, A. 2007. Effect of temperature on pyrolysis products from biomass. Energy Sourc. 29:329–336.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Du, Y., Jiang, X., Lv, G., Ma, X., Jin, Y., Wang, F., Chi, Y., and Yan, J. 2014. Thermal behavior and kinetics of bio-ferment residue/coal blends during co-pyrolysis. Energ. Convers. Manage. 88:459–463.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Du, Y., Jiang, X., Ma, X., Liu, X., Lv, G., Jin, Y., Wang, F., Chi, Y., and Yan, J. 2015. Pyrolysis product evolution characteristics of bio-ferment residue using thermogravimetric analysis, fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and mass spectrometry. J. Appl. Spectrosc. 81:1073–1077.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Irfan, M., Gulsher, M., Abbas, S., Syed, Q., Nadeem, M., and Baig, S. 2011. Effect of various pretreatment conditions on enzymatic saccharification. Songklanakarin J. Sci. Technol. 33:397.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Irfan, M., Nadeem, M., and Syed, Q. 2014. Ethanol production from agricultural wastes using Sacchromyces cervisae. Br. J. Microbiol. 45:457–465.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jindo, K., Mizumoto, H., Sawada, Y., Sanchez-Monedero, M. A., and Sonoki, T. 2014. Physical and chemical characterization of biochars derived from different agricultural residues. Biogeoscience 11:6613–6621.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kaparaju, P., Serrano, M., Thomsen, A. B., Kongjan, P., and Angelidaki, I. 2009. Bioethanol, biohydrogen and biogas production from wheat straws in a biorefinery concept. Bioresour.Technol. 100:2562–2568.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kern, S., Halwachs, M., Kampichler, G., Pfeifer, C., Pröll, T., and Hofbauer, H. 2012. Rotary kiln pyrolysis of straw and fermentation residues in a 3MW pilot plant–Influence of pyrolysis temperature on pyrolysis product performance. J. Anal. Appl. Pyrolysis 97:1–10.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Liang, S., Han, Y., Wei, L., and McDonald, A. G. 2015. Production and characterization of bio-oil and bio-char from pyrolysis of potato peel wastes. Biomass Conver. Biorefinery 5:237–246.
   Google Scholar
• Marsden, W. L., Gray, P. P., Nippard, G. J., and Quinlan, M. R. 1982. Evaluation of the DNS method for analysing lignocellulosic hydrolysates. J. Chem. Technol. Biotechnol. 32:1016–1022.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Milagres, A. M. F. (1994). Producao de xilanases por penicillium janthinellum e aplicacao das enzimas no branqueamento de polpas kraft. Campinas Tese (Doutorado), Universidade Estadual de Campinas.
   Google Scholar
• Paschos, T., Xiros, C., and Christakopoulos, P. 2015. Simultaneous saccharification and fermentation by co-cultures of Fusarium oxysporum and Saccharomyces cerevisiae enhances ethanol production from liquefied wheat straws at high solid content. Ind. Crop. Prod. 76:793–802.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Santos, J. I., Martín-Sampedro, R., Fillat, Ú., Oliva, J. M., Negro, M. J., Ballesteros, M., Eugenio, M. E., and Ibarra, D. 2015. Evaluating lignin-rich residues from biochemical ethanol production of wheat straws and olive tree pruning by FTIR and 2D-NMR. Int. J. Polym. Sci. 2015.
   Google Scholar
• Wyman, C. E., Spindler, D. D., and Grohmann, K. 1992. Simultaneous saccharification and fermentation of several lignocellulosic feedstocks to fuel ethanol. Biomass Bioenerg. 3:301–307.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar