Sources of inequality in household electricity consumption: evidence from Taiwan

References

• Alberini, A., W. Gans, and D. Velez-Lopez. 2011. Residential consumption of gas and electricity in the U.S.: The role of prices and income. Energy Economics 33 (5):870–22. doi:10.1016/j.eneco.2011.01.015.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Alrashed, F., and M. Asif. 2014. Trends in residential energy consumption in Saudi Arabia with particular reference to the Eastern Europe. Journal of Sustainable Development of Energy, Water and Environment Systems 2 (4):376–87. doi:10.13044/j.sdewes.2014.02.0030.
   Google Scholar
• Bianco, V., F. Cascetta, A. Marino, and S. Nardini. 2019. Understanding energy consumption and carbon emissions in Europe: A focus on inequality issues. Energy 170:120–30. doi:10.1016/j.energy.2018.12.120.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brounen, D., N. Kok, and J. M. Quigley. 2012. Residential energy use and conservation: Economics and demographics. European Economic Review 56 (5):931–45. doi:10.1016/j.euroecorev.2012.02.007.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cahyani, A. D., N. D. Nachrowi, D. Hartono, and D. Widyawati. 2020. Modern residential energy inequalities in Indonesia: Spatial and income analyses. Energy Sources, Part B: Economics, Planning, and Policy 15 (6):329–50. doi:10.1080/15567249.2020.1803450.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Callan, T., S. Lyons, S. Scott, R. S. Tol, and S. Verde. 2009. The distributional implications of a carbon tax in Ireland. Energy Policy 37 (2):407–12. doi:10.1016/j.enpol.2008.08.034.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Castaño-Rosa, R., G. Sherriff, J. Solís-Guzmán, and M. Marrero. 2020. The validity of the index of vulnerable homes: Evidence from consumers vulnerable to energy poverty in the UK. Energy Sources, Part B: Economics, Planning, and Policy 15 (2):72–91. doi:10.1080/15567249.2020.1717677.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cayla, J. M., N. Maizi, and C. Marchand. 2011. The role of income in energy consumption behaviour: Evidence from French households data. Energy Policy 39 (12):7874–83. doi:10.1016/j.enpol.2011.09.036.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chen, H., W. Du, N. Li, G. Chen, and X. Zheng. 2013. The socioeconomic inequality in traffic-related disability among Chinese adults: The application of concentration index. Accident Analysis and Prevention 55:101–06. doi:10.1016/j.aap.2013.02.025.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Costa-Campi, M. T., E. Jové-Llopis, and E. Trujillo-Baute. 2019. Energy poverty in Spain: An income approach analysis. Energy Sources, Part B: Economics, Planning, and Policy 14 (7–9):327–40. doi:10.1080/15567249.2019.1710624.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Daioglou, V., B. J. Van Ruijven, and D. P. Van Vuuren. 2012. Model projections for household energy use in developing countries. Energy 37 (1):601–15. doi:10.1016/j.energy.2011.10.044.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Directorate-General of Budget, Accounting and Statistics (DGBAS). 2018. The survey of family income and expenditure, 2017 (AA170042) [data file]. Available from Survey Research Data Archive, Academia Sinica 10.6141/TW-SRDA-AA170042-1.
   Google Scholar
• Dissou, Y., and M. S. Siddiqui. 2014. Can carbon taxes be progressive? Energy Economics 42:88–100. doi:10.1016/j.eneco.2013.11.010.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dogan, E., M. Madaleno, and D. Taskin. 2021. Which households are more energy vulnerable? Energy poverty and financial inclusion in Turkey. Energy Economics 99:105306. doi:10.1016/j.eneco.2021.105306.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dong, X. Y., and Y. Hao. 2018. Would income inequality affect electricity consumption? Evidence from China. Energy 142:215–27. doi:10.1016/j.energy.2017.10.027.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Druckman, A., and T. Jackson. 2008. Household energy consumption in the UK: A highly geographically and social-economically disaggregated model. Energy Policy 36 (8):3177–92. doi:10.1016/j.enpol.2008.03.021.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Farrell, N. 2017. What factors drive inequalities in carbon tax incidence? Decomposing socioeconomic inequalities in carbon tax Incidence in Ireland. Ecological Economics 142:31–45. doi:10.1016/j.ecolecon.2017.04.004.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Huang, W.-H. 2015. The determinants of household electricity consumption in Taiwan: Evidence from quantile regression. Energy 87 (1):120–33. doi:10.1016/j.energy.2015.04.101.
   Google Scholar
• Hung, M.-F., and B.-T. Chie. 2017. The long-run performance of increasing-block pricing in Taiwan’s residential electricity sector. Energy Policy 109:782–93. doi:10.1016/j.enpol.2017.07.052.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hung, M.-F., and T.-H. Huang. 2015. Dynamic demand for residential electricity in Taiwan under seasonality and increasing-block pricing. Energy Economics 48:168–77. doi:10.1016/j.eneco.2015.01.010.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Inaba, T., T. Tabata, and T. Peii. 2017. Development of a basic rate of household energy consumption considering usage time and quantity of consumer durables. Journal of Sustainable Development of Energy, Water and Environment Systems 5 (4):533–45. doi:10.13044/j.sdewes.d5.0159.
   Google Scholar
• Jacobson, A., A. D. Milman, and D. M. Kammen. 2005. Letting the (energy) Gini out of the bottle: Lorenz curves of cumulative electricity consumption and Gini coefficients as metrics of energy distribution and equity. Energy Policy 33 (14):1825–32. doi:10.1016/j.enpol.2004.02.017.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jaskó, S., T. Schné, and G. Simon. 2018. Adaptive model-based control for cost-aware household appliances. Journal of Sustainable Development of Energy, Water and Environment Systems 6 (3):547–58. doi:10.13044/j.sdewes.d6.0206.
   Google Scholar
• Jones, R. V., A. Fuertes, and K. J. Lomas. 2015. The socio-economic, dwelling and appliance related factors affecting electricity consumption in domestic buildings. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 43:901–17. doi:10.1016/j.rser.2014.11.084.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kakwani, N. 1977. Measurement of tax progressivity: An international comparison. The Economic Journal 87 (345):71–80. doi:10.2307/2231833.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kakwani, N. 1979. Measurement of tax progressivity: A reply. The Economic Journal 89 (355):653–57. doi:10.2307/2231877.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kakwani, N. C., A. Wagstaff, and E. van Doorslaer. 1997. Socioeconomic inequalities in health: Measurement, computation and statistical Inference. Journal of Econometrics 77 (1):87–104. doi:10.1016/S0304-4076(96)01807-6.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kavousian, A., R. Rajagopal, and M. Fischer. 2013. Determinants of residential electricity consumption: Using smart meter data to examine the effect of climate, building characteristics, appliance stock, and occupants’ behavior. Energy 55 (15):184–94. doi:10.1016/j.energy.2013.03.086.
   Google Scholar
• Kaygusuz, K. 2011. Energy, electricity and socioeconomic transformation of rural regions in developing countries. Energy Sources, Part B: Economics, Planning, and Policy 6 (4):384–94. doi:10.1080/15567240802458849.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kaza, N. 2010. Understanding the spectrum of residential energy consumption: A quantile regression approach. Energy Policy 38 (11):6574–85. doi:10.1016/j.enpol.2010.06.028.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kim, M.-J. 2018. Characteristics and determinants by electricity consumption level of households in Korea. Energy Reports 4:70–76. doi:10.1016/j.egyr.2017.12.001.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Koomson, I., and M. Danquah. 2021. Financial inclusion and energy poverty: Empirical evidence from Ghana. Energy Economics 94:105085. doi:10.1016/j.eneco.2020.105085.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mirnezami, S. R. 2014. Electricity inequality in Canada: Should pricing reforms eliminate subsidies to encourage efficient usage? Utilities Policy 31:36–43. doi:10.1016/j.jup.2014.08.001.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nguyen, C. P., and M. A. Nasir. 2021. An inquiry into the nexus between energy poverty and income inequality in the light of global evidence. Energy Economics 99:105289. doi:10.1016/j.eneco.2021.105289.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nguyen, C. P., and T. D. Su. 2021. The ‘vicious cycle’ of energy poverty and productivity: Insights from 45 developing countries. Environmental Science and Pollution Research 1–18. doi:10.1007/s11356-021-14614-x.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Nguyen, C. P., T. D. Su, T. D. Bui, V. T. B. Dang, and B. Q. Nguyen. 2021. Financial development and energy poverty: Global evidence. Environmental Science and Pollution Research 1–38. doi:10.1007/s11356-021-13038-x.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Romero-Jordán, D., P. del Río, and C. Peñasco. 2016. An analysis of the welfare and distributive implications of factors influencing household electricity consumption. Energy Policy 88:361–70. doi:10.1016/j.enpol.2015.09.037.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Saxena, V., and P. C. Bhattacharya. 2018. Inequalities in LPG and electricity consumption in India: The role of caste, tribe, and religion. Energy for Sustainable Development 42:44–53. doi:10.1016/j.esd.2017.09.009.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shi, X. 2019. Inequality of opportunity in energy consumption in China. Energy Policy 124:371–82. doi:10.1016/j.enpol.2018.09.029.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Silva, S., I. Soares, and C. Pinhoc. 2017. Electricity demand response to price changes: The Portuguese case taking into account income differences. Energy Economics 65:335–42.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sokolowski, J., P. Lewandowski, A. Kiełczewska, and S. Bouzarovski. 2020. A multidimensional index to measure energy poverty: The Polish case. Energy Sources, Part B: Economics, Planning, and Policy 15 (2):92–112. doi:10.1080/15567249.2020.1742817.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Son, H., and S. Yoon. 2020. Reducing energy poverty: Characteristics of household electricity use in Vietnam. Energy for Sustainable Development 59:62–70. doi:10.1016/j.esd.2020.08.007.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Spiliotis, E., A. Arsenopoulos, E. Kanellou, J. Psarras, and P. Kontogiorgos. 2020. A multi-sourced data based framework for assisting utilities identify energy poor households: A case-study in Greece. Energy Sources, Part B: Economics, Planning, and Policy 15 (2):49–71. doi:10.1080/15567249.2020.1739783.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Su, Y.-W. 2019. Residential electricity demand in Taiwan: Consumption behavior and rebound effect. Energy Policy 124:36–45. doi:10.1016/j.enpol.2018.09.009.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Thomson, H., S. Bouzarovski, and C. Snell. 2017. Rethinking the measurement of energy poverty in Europe: A critical analysis of indicators and data. Indoor Built Environment 26 (7):889–90. doi:10.1177/1420326X17699260.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Valenzuela, C., A. Valencia, S. White, J. A. Jordan, S. Cano, J. Keating, J. Nagorski, and L. B. Potter. 2014. An analysis of monthly household energy consumption among single-family residences in Texas, 2010. Energy Policy 69:263–72. doi:10.1016/j.enpol.2013.12.009.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wagstaff, A., E. van Doorslaer, and N. Watanabe. 2003. On decomposing the causes of health sector inequalities with an application to malnutrition inequalities in Vietnam. Journal of Econometrics 112 (1):207–23. doi:10.1016/S0304-4076(02)00161-6.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wang, N., and G. Mogi. 2017. Industrial and residential electricity demand dynamics in Japan: How did price and income elasticities evolve from 1989 to 2014? Energy Policy 106:233–43. doi:10.1016/j.enpol.2017.03.066.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wang, Q., M. P. Kwan, J. Fan, and J. Lin. 2021. Racial disparities in energy poverty in the United States. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 137:110620. doi:10.1016/j.rser.2020.110620.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wu, Q., S. Maslyuk, and V. Clulow. 2010. Energy consumption inequality and human development. In: Management Science and Engineering, 2010 International Conference on IEEE: 1398–409. Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
   Google Scholar
• Xu, X., B. Xiao, and C. Z. Li. 2020. Critical factors of electricity consumption in residential buildings: An analysis from the point of occupant characteristics view. Journal of Cleaner Production 256:120423. doi:10.1016/j.jclepro.2020.120423.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar