References
- Ammar, N. R., & Seddiek, I. S. (2020). An environmental and economic analysis of emission reduction strategies for container ships with emphasis on the improved energy efficiency indexes. Environmental Science and Pollution Research International, 27(18), 23342–23355. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-020-08861-7
- Anderson, J. O., Thundiyil, J. G., & Stolbach, A. (2012). Clearing the air: A review of the effects of particulate matter air pollution on human health. Journal of Medical Toxicology, 8(2), 166–175. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1007/s13181-011-0203-1
- Brioude, J., Petron, G., Frost, G. J., Ahmadov, R., Angevine, W. M., Hsie, E.-Y., Kim, S.-W., Lee, S.-H., McKeen, S. A., Trainer, M., Fehsenfeld, F. C., Holloway, J. S., Peischl, J., Ryerson, T. B., & Gurney, K. R. (2012). A new inversion method to calculate emission inventories without a prior at mesoscale: Application to the anthropogenic CO2 emission from Houston, Texas. Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, 117(D5), 1–15. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1029/2011JD016918
- Brunekreef, B., & Holgate, S. T. (2002). Air pollution and health. The Lancet, 360(9341), 1233–1242. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(02)11274-8
- Cavallaro, F., Irranca Galati, O., & Nocera, S. (2020). Climate change impacts and tourism mobility: A destination-based approach for coastal areas. International Journal of Sustainable Transportation, 1–18. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1080/15568318.2020.1762951
- Chatzinikolaou, S. D., Oikonomou, S. D., & Ventikos, N. P. (2015). Health externalities of ship air pollution at port – Piraeus port case study. Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment, 40, 155–165. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trd.2015.08.010
- Chen, D., Fu, X., Guo, X., Lang, J., Zhou, Y., Li, Y., Liu, B., & Wang, W. (2020). The impact of ship emissions on nitrogen and sulfur deposition in China. The Science of the Total Environment, 708, 134636. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.134636
- Chen, D., Zhao, Y., Nelson, P., Li, Y., Wang, X., Zhou, Y., Lang, J., & Guo, X. (2016). Estimating ship emissions based on AIS data for port of Tianjin. Atmospheric Environment, 145, 10–18. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2016.08.086
- Corbett, J. J., Winebrake, J. J., Green, E. H., Kasibhatla, P., Eyring, V., & Lauer, A. (2007). Mortality from ship emissions: A global assessment. Environmental Science & Technology, 41(24), 8512–8518. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1021/es071686z
- Diesch, J. M., Drewnick, F., Klimach, T., & Borrmann, S. (2013). Investigation of gaseous and particulate emissions from various marine vessel types measured on the banks of the Elbe in Northern Germany. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, 13(7), 3603–3618. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-13-3603-2013
- Dragović, B., Tzannatos, E., Tselentis, V., Meštrović, R., & Škurić, M. (2018). Ship emissions and their externalities in cruise ports. Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment, 61, 289–300. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trd.2015.11.007
- Folinsbee, L. J. (1993). Human health effects of air pollution. Environmental Health Perspectives, 100, 45–56. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1289/ehp.9310045
- Graham, T. (1833). XXVII. On the law of the diffusion of gases. The London, Edinburgh, and Dublin Philosophical Magazine and Journal of Science, 2(9), 175–190.
- Guo, X., Wu, H., Chen, D., Ye, Z., Shen, Y., Liu, J., & Cheng, S. (2020). Estimation and prediction of pollutant emissions from agricultural and construction diesel machinery in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei (BTH) region, China⋆. Environmental Pollution (Barking, Essex: 1987), 260, 113973. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2020.113973
- Gurjar, B. R., Jain, A., Sharma, A., Agarwal, A., Gupta, P., Nagpure, A. S., & Lelieveld, J. (2010). Human health risks in megacities due to air pollution. Atmospheric Environment, 44(36), 4606–4613. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2010.08.011
- International Maritime Organization (IMO). (2009, June). Second IMO GHG study 2009. IMO.
- International Maritime Organization (IMO). (2014, June). Third IMO GHG study 2014. IMO.
- Jerrett, M. (2015). Atmospheric science: The death toll from air-pollution sources. Nature, 525(7569), 330–331. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1038/525330a
- Kampa, M., & Castanas, E. (2008). Human health effects of air pollution. Environmental Pollution (Barking, Essex: 1987), 151(2), 362–367. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2007.06.012
- Lack, D. A., & Corbett, J. J. (2012). Black carbon from ships: A review of the effects of ship speed, fuel quality and exhaust gas scrubbing. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, 12(9), 3985–4000. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-12-3985-2012
- Moldanová, J., Fridell, E., Popovicheva, O., Demirdjian, B., Tishkova, V., Faccinetto, A., & Focsa, C. (2009). Characterisation of particulate matter and gaseous emissions from a large ship diesel engine. Atmospheric Environment, 43(16), 2632–2641. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2009.02.008
- Moreno-Gutiérrez, J., Pájaro-Velázquez, E., Amado-Sánchez, Y., Rodríguez-Moreno, R., Calderay-Cayetano, F., & Durán-Grados, V. (2019). Comparative analysis between different methods for calculating on-board ship's emissions and energy consumption based on operational data. Science of the Total Environment, 650, 575–584. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.09.045
- Murena, F., Mocerino, L., Quaranta, F., & Toscano, D. (2018). Impact on air quality of cruise ship emissions in Naples, Italy. Atmospheric Environment, 187, 70–83. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2018.05.056
- Nowak, D. J., Hirabayashi, S., Doyle, M., McGovern, M., & Pasher, J. (2018). Air pollution removal by urban forests in Canada and its effect on air quality and human health. Urban Forestry & Urban Greening, 29, 40–48. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ufug.2017.10.019
- OECD. (2014). The cost of air pollution.
- OECD. (2018). Mortality due to air pollution and extreme weather conditions.
- Qin, Z., Yin, J., & Cao, Z. (2017). Evaluation of effects of ship emissions control areas: Case study of Shanghai port in China. Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board, 2611(1), 50–55. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.3141/2611-06
- Schraufnagel, D. E., Balmes, J. R., Cowl, C. T., De Matteis, S., Jung, S.-H., Mortimer, K., Perez-Padilla, R., Rice, M. B., Riojas-Rodriguez, H., Sood, A., Thurston, G. D., To, T., Vanker, A., & Wuebbles, D. J. (2019). Air pollution and noncommunicable diseases: A review by the forum of International Respiratory Societies' Environmental Committee, Part 2: Air pollution and organ systems. Chest, 155(2), 417–426. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chest.2018.10.041
- Simonsen, M., Gössling, S., & Walnum, H. J. (2019). Cruise ship emissions in Norwegian waters: A geographical analysis. Journal of Transport Geography, 78, 87–97. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtrangeo.2019.05.014
- Uçar, O. F. (2014). Samsun İli Limanlarına Gelen Gemilerin Oluşturduğu Egzoz Gazı Emisyonlarının İncelenmesi ve Çevresel Etkileri.
- Vicente-Cera, I., Acevedo-Merino, A., López-Ramírez, J. A., & Nebot, E. (2020). Use of AIS data for the environmental characterization of world cruise ship traffic. International Journal of Sustainable Transportation, 14(6), 465–474. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1080/15568318.2019.1575494
- Wan, Z., Ji, S., Liu, Y., Zhang, Q., Chen, J., & Wang, Q. (2020). Shipping emission inventories in China's Bohai Bay, Yangtze River Delta, and Pearl River Delta in 2018. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 151, 110882. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2019.110882
- Yang, H., & Ma, X. (2019). Uncovering CO2 emissions patterns from China-oriented International Maritime Transport: Decomposition and decoupling analysis. Sustainability, 11(10), 2826. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.3390/su11102826
- Zainol, I., Ahmad, Z. M., Ridwan, S. N., Zaifurizal, Z. M., Dahalan, M. R., Kamal, A., & Salleh, Z. (2020). Carbon emissions measurement using portable emission device in coastal fishing boats. Paper presented at the Advancement in Emerging Technologies and Engineering Applications, Singapore.
- Zhao, J., Zhang, Y., Patton, A. P., Ma, W., Kan, H., Wu, L., Fung, F., Wang, S., Ding, D., & Walker, K. (2020). Projection of ship emissions and their impact on air quality in 2030 in Yangtze River delta. Environmental Pollution, 263, 114643. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2020.114643