11
Views
0
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Research Article

Development of chicken egg yolk antibodies (IgY) against venom of cobra (Naja naja) and krait (Bungarus caeruleus) and a study on its neutralization potential

, , &
Received 19 Mar 2024, Accepted 08 Jun 2024, Published online: 20 Jun 2024

References

  • Abdel Latif, S.S., et al., 2003. Efficacy of IgG, Fab, and F(ab’)2 fragments of horse antivenom in the treatment of local symptoms after Cerastes cerastes (Egyptian snake) bite. African journal of biotechnology, 2 (7), 197–205.
  • Abd El-Aziz, T.M., et al., 2020. Comparative study of the in vivo toxicity and pathophysiology of envenomation by three medically important Egyptian snake venoms. Archives of toxicology, 94 (1), 335–344.
  • Alam, M.J., et al., 2023. Evaluation of the properties of Bungarus caeruleus venom and checking the efficacy of antivenom used in Bangladesh for its bite treatment. Toxicon: X, 17 (January), 100149.
  • Alape-Girón A, et al., 1997. A comparison of in vitro methods for assessing the potency of therapeutic antisera against the venom of the coral snake Micrurus nigrocinctus. Toxicon, 35 (4), 573–81. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0041-0101(96)00150-x. PMID: 9133712
  • Almeida, C.M.C., et al., 1998. Development of snake antivenom antibodies in chickens and their purification from yolk. Veterinary record, 143 (21), 579–584.
  • Ankit Choraria, Rajeswari Somasundaram, S. Janani, Selvakumar Rajendran,Naoual Oukkache & A. Michael 2021. Chicken egg yolk antibodies (IgY)-based antivenom forneutralization of snake venoms: a review, Toxin Reviews, https://doi.org/10.1080/15569543.2021.1942063
  • Araki, S., et al., 1993. Induction of apoptosis by hemorrhagic snake venom in vascular endothelial cells. Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications, 190 (1), 148–153.,
  • Avery, A.N. 2006. Reptile Bites, in: J.E. Lessenger (Ed.), Agricultural Medicine: A Practical Guide, New York, NY: Springer, 440–458. https://doi.org/10.1007/0-387-30105-4_32
  • Bahuguna, A., et al., 2017. MTT assay to evaluate the cytotoxic potential of a drug. Bangladesh journal of pharmacology, 12 (2), 115–118.
  • Bawaskar, H.S., and Bawaskar, P.H., 2004. Envenoming by the common krait (Bungarus caeruleus) and Asian cobra (Naja naja): clinical manifestations and their management in a rural setting. Wilderness and environmental medicine, 15 (4), 257–266.
  • Bhatia, S., Blotra, A., and Vasudevan, K., 2022. Evaluating antivenom efficacy against Echis carinatus venoms—screening for in vitro alternatives. Toxins, 14 (7), 481.
  • Brunda, G., Sashidhar, R.B., and Sarin, R.K., 2006. Use of egg yolk antibody (IgY) as an immunoanalytical tool in the detection of Indian Cobra (Naja Naja Naja) venom in biological samples of forensic origin, Toxicon, 48 (2), 183–194.
  • Bustillo, S., et al., 2009. Cytotoxicity and morphological analysis of cell death induced by Bothrops venoms from the northeast of Argentina. Journal of venomous animals and toxins including tropical diseases, 15 (1), 28–42.
  • Casewell, N.R., et al., 2020. Causes and consequences of snake venom variation.pdf. Trends in pharmacological sciences, 41 (8), 570–581.
  • Chiou, V.Y.N., 2008. The development of IgY(ΔFc) antibody based neurotoxin antivenoms and the study on their neutralization efficacies. Clinical toxicology, 46 (6), 539–544.
  • Choraria, A., et al., 2020. Experimental antivenoms from chickens and rabbits and their comparison with commercially available equine antivenom against the venoms of Daboia Russelii and Echis Carinatus snakes. Toxin reviews, 40 (4), 702–713.
  • Das, D., et al., 2013. Biochemical and biological characterization of Naja kaouthia venom from North-East India and its neutralization by polyvalent antivenom. Journal of venom research, 4, 31–38.
  • de Almeida, C.M.C., et al., 2008. Development of process to produce polyvalent IgY antibodies anti-African snake venom. Toxicon, 52 (2), 293–301.
  • De Menezes, R.R.P.P.B., et al., 2016. Involvement of nitric oxide on Bothropoides insularis venom biological effects on murine macrophages in vitro. PLOS One, 11 (3), e0151029.
  • de Vries, A., and Condrea, E., 1971. Clinical Aspects of Elapid Bite, Neuropoisons, 1–20. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-2940-4_1.
  • Deignan, T., et al., 2000. Comparative analysis of methods of purification of egg yolk immunoglobulin. Food and agricultural immunology, 12 (1), 77–85.
  • Dhananjaya, B.L., et al., 2016. The standard aqueous stem bark extract of Mangifera indica L. inhibits toxic PLA2 – NN-XIb-PLA2 of Indian cobra venom. Saudi pharmaceutical journal, 24 (3), 371–378.
  • Díaz, P., et al., 2014. IgY pharmacokinetics in rabbits: implications for IgY use as antivenoms. Toxicon, 90 (June 2020), 124–133.
  • Diraviyam, T., et al., 2014. Effect of chicken egg yolk antibodies (IgY) against diarrhea in domesticated animals: a systematic review and meta-analysis. PLOS One, 9 (5), e97716.
  • El-Aziz T.M.A., Soares A.G., Stockand JD. 2019. Snake Venoms in Drug Discovery: Valuable Therapeutic Tools for Life Saving. Toxins (Basel), 25;11 (10), 564. https://doi.org/10.3390/toxins11100564.
  • Ferraz, C.R., et al., 2019. Multifunctional toxins in snake venoms and therapeutic implications: From pain to hemorrhage and necrosis. Frontiers in ecology and evolution, 7 (Jun), 1–19.
  • Gitirana, D., et al., 2017. European Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences Development of IgY antibodies against anti-snake toxins endowed with highly lethal neutralizing activity. European journal of pharmaceutical sciences, 106 (April), 404–412.
  • Gopal, G., et al., 2023. The concept of Big Four: road map from snakebite epidemiology to antivenom efficacy. International journal of biological macromolecules, 242 (Pt 1), 124771.
  • Gutiérrez, J., et al., 1988. An alternative in vitro method for testing the potency of the polyvalent antivenom produced in Costa Rica. Toxicon, 26 (4), 411–413.
  • Gutiérrez, J.M., et al., 2017. Snakebite envenoming. Nature reviews. Disease primers, 3 (1), 17063.
  • Gyawu, V.B., et al., 2023. Production and evaluation of monovalent anti-snake immunoglobulins from chicken egg yolk using Ghanaian puff adder (Bitis arietans) venom: isolation, purification, and neutralization efficacy. Toxicon, 231 (May), 107180.
  • Hiremath, V., et al., 2014. Differential action of Indian Big Four snake venom toxins on blood coagulation. Toxin reviews, 33 (1–2), 23–32.
  • Hodek, P., et al., 2013. Optimized protocol of chicken antibody (IgY) purification providing electrophoretically homogenous preparations. International journal of electrochemical science, 8 (1), 113–124.
  • Janardhan, B., et al., 2019. Bungarus caeruleus venom neutralization activity of Azima tetracantha Lam. Extract. Heliyon, 5 (7), e02163.
  • John, M.D., et al., 2008. A method for commercial isolation of egg yolk IGY, its product, and uses of the product, International Publication Number WO 2008/086621 A1.
  • Ko, K.Y., and Ahn, D.U., 2007. Preparation of immunoglobulin Y from egg yolk using ammonium sulfate precipitation and ion exchange chromatography. Poultry science, 86 (2), 400–407.
  • Kondo, H., et al., 1960. Studies on the quantitative method for determination of hemorrhagic activity of Habu snake venom. Japanese journal of medical science & biology, 13 (1–2), 43–52.
  • Kumar, R.S.A.S., et al., 2016. Development of red hen egg yolk antibodies against the Naja Naja (Indian Cobra) venom and its neutralisation studies, Journal of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Research, 8 (4), 1155–1161.
  • Kuruppu, S., et al., 2007. The in vitro neurotoxic and myotoxic effects of the venom from the Suta genus (curl snakes) of elapid snakes. Basic & clinical pharmacology & toxicology, 101 (6), 407–410.
  • Laing, G.D., BIASG., et al., 1992. Comparison of the potency of three Brazilian Bothrops antivenoms using in vivo rodent and in vitro assays. Toxicon, 30 (10), 1219–1225.
  • Lanari, L.C., et al., 2014. Intraspecific differences in the immunochemical reactivity and neutralization of venom from Argentinean Bothrops (Rhinocerophis) alternatus by specific experimental antivenoms. Toxicon, 85, 31–45.
  • Laxme R.R.S., et al., 2019. Beyond the ‘big four’: Venom profiling of the medically important yet neglected Indian snakes reveals disturbing antivenom deficiencies. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 13 (12): e0007899. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0007899
  • Lee, C., et al., 2016. Production and characterization of neutralizing antibodies against Bungarus Multicinctus snake venom, Appl Environ Microbiol, 82 (23), 6973–6982.
  • Lee, C.H., et al., 2018. Characterization of chicken-derived single chain antibody fragments against venom of Naja naja atra. Toxins, 10 (10), 383.
  • Leiva, C.L., et al., 2020. IgY-technology (egg yolk antibodies) in human medicine: a review of patents and clinical trials. International immunopharmacology, 81 (February), 106269.
  • Liu, C.C., et al., 2021. Development of antibody detection ELISA based on immunoreactive toxins and toxin-derived peptides to evaluate the neutralization potency of equine plasma against Naja atra in Taiwan. Toxins, 13 (11), 818.
  • Liu, J., et al., 2017. Preparation and neutralization efficacy of IgY antibodies raised against Deinagkistrodon acutus venom. Journal of venomous animals and toxins including tropical diseases, 23 (1), 1–9.
  • Liu, S., Dong, W., and Kong, T., 2010. Preparation and characterization of immunoglobulin yolk against the venom of Naja naja atra. Indian journal of experimental biology, 48 (8), 778–785.
  • Luna, K.P.O., da Silva, M.B., and Pereira, V.R.A., 2011. Clinical and immunological aspects of envenomations by Bothrops snakes. Journal of venomous animals and toxins including tropical diseases, 17 (2), 130–141.
  • Madera-Contreras, A.M., et al., 2022. Optimized method for the extraction of contaminant-free IgY antibodies from egg yolk using PEG 6000. MethodsX, 9 (June), 101874.
  • Maduwage, K., et al., 2016a. Efficacy of Indian polyvalent snake antivenoms against Sri Lankan snake venoms: lethality studies or clinically focussed in vitro studies. Scientific reports, 6 (1), 26778.
  • Maduwage, K.P., et al., 2016b. Procoagulant snake venoms have differential effects in animal plasmas: implications for antivenom testing in animal models. Thrombosis research, 137, 174–177.
  • Maia-Marques, R., et al., 2021. Inflammatory mediators in the pronociceptive effects induced by Bothrops leucurus snake venom: The role of biogenic amines, nitric oxide, and eicosanoids. Toxicology, 448, 152649.
  • Maria, W.S., et al., 1998. Neutralizing potency of horse antibothropic antivenom. Correlation between in vivo and in vitro methods. Toxicon, 36 (10), 1433–1439.
  • Meenatchisundaram, S., et al., 2009a. Comparison of antivenom potential of chicken egg yolk antibodies, Bangladesh Journal of Veterinary Medicine 7 (1), 259–267.
  • Meenatchisundaram, S., et al., 2009b. View of antitoxin activity of Mimosa pudica root extracts against Naja naja and Bangarus caerulus venoms. Bangladesh journal of pharmacology, 4 (2), 105–109.
  • Meenatchisundaram, S., et al., 2008a. Neutralization of the pharmacological effects of cobra and krait venoms by chicken egg yolk antibodies. Toxicon, 52 (2), 221–227.
  • Meenatchisundaram, S., et al., 2008b. Studies on pharmacological effects of Russell’s viper and saw-scaled viper venom and its neutralization by chicken egg yolk antibodies. International immunopharmacology, 8 (8), 1067–1073.
  • Meenatchisundaram, S., and Michael, A., 2010. Comparison of four different purification methods for isolation of anti Echis Carinatus antivenom antibodies from immunized chicken egg yolk, Iranian Journal of Biotechnology, 8 (1), 50–55.
  • Mitchell, H.H., 1930. The surface area of single comb white leghorn chickens. The Journal of nutrition, 2 (5), 443–449.
  • Mora, R., et al., 2006. Calcium plays a key role in the effects induced by a snake venom Lys49 phospholipase A 2 homologue on a lymphoblastoid cell line. Toxicon, 47 (1), 75–86.
  • Moussa, I.M., Dr., et al., 2012. Protective efficacy of immunoglobulins y prepared against Cerastes cerastes snake venom in the kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Saudi medical journal, 33 (8), 846–851.
  • Munawar, A., et al., 2018. Snake Venom Peptides: Tools of Biodiscovery. Toxins (Basel), 10 (11), 474. https://doi.org/10.3390/toxins10110474. PMID: 30441876; PMCID: PMC6266942.
  • Navarro, D., et al., 2016. Development of a chicken-derived antivenom against the Taipan snake (Oxyuranus scutellatus) venom and comparison with an equine antivenom. Toxicon, 120, 1–8.
  • Petricevich, V.L., 2004. Cytokine and nitric oxide production following severe envenomation. Current drug targets: inflammation and allergy, 3 (3), 325–332.
  • Poison, A., and von, W.M.B., 1980. Isolation of viral IgY antibodies from yolks of immunized hens. Immunol Commun. 9 (5), 475–93.
  • Prabhu, R., et al., 2010. Extraction and characterization of polyclonal egg yolk antibodies (IgY) in chicken against cobra (Naja Naja) venom, Current Science, 98 (2), 237–239.
  • Rahman, A., Nagi, A.H., Hayee, A., 2007. Effects of cobra venom on blood coagulation, platelets & fibrinolysis. Pakistan journal of medical and health sciences, 1 (3), 106–110.
  • Rajesh, K.S., et al., 2017. Neutralization of Naja naja venom induced lethality, edema and myonecrosis by ethanolic root extract of Coix lacryma-jobi. Toxicology reports, 4 (August), 637–645.
  • Ranawaka, U.K., Lalloo, D.G., and de Silva, H.J., 2013. Neurotoxicity in snakebite-the limits of our knowledge. PLOS neglected tropical diseases, 7 (10), e2302.
  • Rashmi, U., et al., 2021. Remarkable intrapopulation venom variability in the monocellate cobra (Naja kaouthia) unveils neglected aspects of India’s snakebite problem. Journal of proteomics, 242, 104256.
  • Resiere, D., Mehdaoui, H., and Neviere, R., 2022. Inflammation and oxidative stress in snakebite envenomation: a brief descriptive review and clinical implications. Toxins, 14 (11), 802.
  • Richard, G., et al., 2013. In vivo neutralization of α-cobratoxin with high-affinity llama single-domain antibodies (VHHs) and a VHH-Fc antibody. PLOS one, 8 (7), e69495.
  • Rojnuckarin, P., Suteparak, S., and Sibunruang, S., 2012. Diagnosis and management of venomous snakebites in Southeast Asia. Asian biomedicine, 6 (6), 795–805.
  • Sandesha, V.D., et al., 2022. A comparative cross-reactivity and paraspecific neutralization study on Hypnale hypnale, Echis carinatus, and Daboia russelii monovalent and therapeutic polyvalent antivenoms. PLOS neglected tropical diseases, 16 (3), e0010292.
  • Sells, P.G., 2003. Animal experimentation in snake venom research and in vitro alternatives. Toxicon, 42 (2), 115–133.
  • Senji Laxme, R.R., et al., 2019. Beyond the ‘Big Four’: venom profiling of the medically important yet neglected Indian snakes reveals disturbing antivenom deficiencies. PLOS neglected tropical diseases, 13 (12), e0007899.
  • Senji Laxme, R.R., et al., 2021a. Biogeographical venom variation in the Indian spectacled cobra (Naja naja) underscores the pressing need for pan-India efficacious snakebite therapy. PLOS neglected tropical diseases, 15 (2), e0009150.
  • Senji Laxme, R.R., et al., 2021b. Biogeographic venom variation in Russell’s viper (Daboia russelii) and the preclinical inefficacy of antivenom therapy in snakebite hotspots. PLOS neglected tropical diseases, 15 (3), e0009247.
  • Sevcik, C., Díaz, P., and D’Suze, G., 2008. On the presence of antibodies against bovine, equine and poultry immunoglobulins in human IgG preparations, and its implications on antivenom production. Toxicon, 51 (1), 10–16.
  • Shashidharamurthy, R., et al., 2002. Variations in biochemical and pharmacological properties of Indian cobra (Naja naja naja) venom due to geographical distribution. Molecular and cellular biochemistry, 229 (1–2), 93–101.
  • Shashidharamurthy, R., and Kemparaju, K., 2007. Region-specific neutralization of Indian cobra (Naja naja) venom by polyclonal antibody raised against the eastern regional venom: a comparative study of the venoms from three different geographical distributions. International immunopharmacology, 7 (1), 61–69.
  • Sifi, A., Adi-Bessalem, S., and Laraba-Djebari, F., 2018. Development of a new approach of immunotherapy against scorpion envenoming: avian IgYs an alternative to equine IgGs. International immunopharmacology, 61 (January), 256–265.
  • Silva, L.M.G., et al., 2016. Photobiomodulation protects and promotes differentiation of C2C12 myoblast cells exposed to Snake venom. PLOS one, 11 (4), e0152890.
  • Silva, A., and Isbister, G.K., 2020. Current research into snake antivenoms, their mechanisms of action and applications. Biochemical society transactions, 48 (2), 537–546.
  • Stålberg, J., and Larsson, A., 2001. Extraction of IgY from egg yolk using a novel aqueous two-phase system and comparison with other extraction methods. Upsala journal of medical sciences, 106 (2), 99–110.
  • Sundell, IB., et al., 2003. In vitro procoagulant and anticoagulant properties of Naja Naja Naja venom, Toxicon, 42, 239–247.
  • Suntravat, M., Nuchprayoon, I., and Pérez, J.C., 2010. Comparative study of anticoagulant and procoagulant properties of 28 snake venoms from families Elapidae, Viperidae, and purified Russell’s viper venom-factor X activator (RVV-X). Toxicon, 56 (4), 544–553.
  • Suraweera, W., et al., 2020. Trends in snakebite deaths in India from 2000 to 2019 in a nationally representative mortality study. eLife, 9, 1–37.
  • Tamieti, B.P., et al., 2007. Cytoskeleton, endoplasmic reticulum and nucleus alterations in CHO-K1 cell line after Crotalus durissus terrificus (South American rattlesnake) venom treatment. Journal of venomous animals and toxins including tropical diseases, 13 (1), 56–68.
  • Tan, S.H., et al., 2012. A novel, cost-effective and efficient chicken egg IgY purification procedure. Journal of immunological methods, 380 (1–2), 73–76.
  • Theakston, R.D.G., and Laing, G.D., 2014. Diagnosis of snakebite and the importance of immunological tests in venom research. Toxins, 6 (5), 1667–1695.
  • Thirumalai, D., et al., 2019. Chicken egg yolk antibody (IgY) as diagnostics and therapeutics in parasitic infections – a review. International journal of biological macromolecules, 136, 755–763.
  • Tong, C., et al., 2015. A simple method for isolating chicken egg yolk immunoglobulin using effective delipidation solution and ammonium sulfate. Poultry science, 94 (1), 104–110.
  • Vanuopadath, M., et al., 2023. The need for next-generation antivenom for snakebite envenomation in India. Toxins, 15 (8), 510.
  • Venkatesan, C., et al., 2014. Neutralization of cobra venom by cocktail antiserum against venom proteins of cobra (Naja naja naja). Biologicals, 42 (1), 8–21.
  • Warrell, D.A., 2014. Venomous and poisonous animals. Manson’s tropical diseases, Twenty-Second Edition, 1096–1127.
  • WHO Expert Committee on Biological Standardization, 2017. Sixty-seventh report. Geneva: World Health Organization; (WHO technical report series; no. 1004). Licence: CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO.
  • World Health Organization (WHO), 2020. Study estimates more than one million indians died from snakebite envenoming over past two decades, https://www.who.int/news/item/10-07-2020.
  • Zolfagharian, H., and Dounighi, N.M., 2015. Study on development of Vipera Lebetina snake anti-venom in chicken egg yolk for passive immunization, Human Vaacine & Immunotherapuetics, 11 (11), 2734–2739.
  • Zorriehzah, M.J., et al., 2016. Avian egg yolk antibodies (IgY) and their potential therapeutic applications for countering infectious diseases of fish and aquatic animals. International journal of pharmacology, 12 (8), 760–768.

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.