Publication Cover
International Journal of Architectural Heritage
Conservation, Analysis, and Restoration
Volume 17, 2023 - Issue 4
259
Views
5
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Research Article

Effects of Snowmelt and Rainfall Infiltration on the Water and Salt Migration of Earthen Sites during Freeze-thaw Process

ORCID Icon, ORCID Icon, , &
Pages 573-584 | Received 18 Apr 2021, Accepted 18 Jun 2021, Published online: 16 Jul 2021

References

  • Chen, G. Q. 2016. Study on salting damage analysis and treatment of wall paintings at Mogao Grottoes, Dunhuang. Ph.D. thesis, Lanzhou University.
  • Chen, W. W., D. C. Wei, H. Lei, and Y. J. Li. 2019. Experimental study on strength deterioration characteristics of earthen sites covered by snow. Journal Lanzhou University (Natural Sciences) 55 (5):655–660+666. doi:10.13885/j.0455-2059.2019.05.013.
  • Cui, K., X. P. Guan, W. W. Chen, and W. F. Han. 2017. Effects of salinized deterioration and aeolian ullage on soils in undercutting areas of earthen ruins in arid regions (II). Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineer 39 (10):1777–84. doi:10.11779/CJGE201710004.
  • Cui, K., G. P. Wu, Y. M. Du, X. Y. An, and Z. L. Wang. 2019. The coupling effects of freeze-thaw cycles and salinization due to snowfall on the rammed earth used in historical freeze-thaw cycles relics in northwest China. Cold Regions Science and Technology 160:288–99. doi:10.1016/j.coldregions.2019.01.016.
  • Du, Y. M., W. W. Chen, K. Cui, and K. W. Zhang. 2019. Study on damage assessment of earthen sites of the Ming Great Wall in Qinghai Province based on Fuzzy-AHP and AHP-TOPSIS. International Journal of Architectural Heritage. doi:10.1080/15583058.2019.1576241.
  • Fujii, Y., E. Fodde, K. Watanabe, and K. Murakami. 2009. Digital photogrammetry for the documentation of structural damage in earthen archaeological sites: The case of Ajina Tepa, Tajikistan. Engineering Geology 105 (1–2):124–33. doi:10.1016/j.enggeo.2008.11.012.
  • Hans, J. B., G. Karlheina, and K. Michael. 2006. Physics and chemistry of interfaces. Darmstadt: Betz-druck Gmbh.
  • Hardie, M., and A. Almajmaie. 2019. Measuring and estimating the hydrological properties of a soil crust. Journal of Hydrology 574:12–22. doi:10.1016/j.jhydrol.2019.04.031.
  • Jia, Q. Q., W. W. Chen, Y. M. Tong, and Q. L. Guo. 2020. Experimental study on capillary migration of water and salt in wall painting plaster: A case study at Mogao Grottoes, China. International Journal of Architectural Heritage 1–12. doi:10.1080/15583058.2020.1839598.
  • Kelleners, T. J., J. Koonce, R. Shillito, J. Dijkema, M. Berli, M. Y. Yong, J. M. Frank, and W. J. Massman. 2016. Numerical modeling of coupled water flow and heat transport in soil and snow. Soil Physics & Hydrology 80:247–63. doi:10.2136/sssaj2015.07.0279.
  • Li, Z. X., X. D. Wang, M. L. Sun, W. W. Chen, and Q. L. Guo. 2011. Conservation of Jiaohe ancient earthen site in China. Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 3 (3):270–81. doi:10.3724/SP.J.1235.2011.00270.
  • Mao, W. J., Y. X. Shen, Y. P. Zhu, T. F. Bai, and M. L. Sun. 2020. Disentangling the deformation process of earthen sites and understanding the role of Na2SO4 and precipitation: A case study on the Great Wall Relics of the Ming dynasty in Yulin, China. Studies in Conservation. doi:10.1080/00393630.2020.1751976.
  • Martínez, M. J., E. Torrero, D. Sanz, and V. Navarro. 2020. Salt crystallization dynamics in indoor environments: Stone weathering in the Muñoz Chapel of the Cathedral of Santa María (Cuenca, central Spain). Journal of Cultural Heritage. doi:10.1016/j.culher.2020.09.011.
  • Mizuno, Y., and G. Wakahama. 1983. Experimental studies on snow accretion at subzero temperatures. Annals of Glaciology 4:192–97. doi:10.3189/S0260305500005462.
  • Özgan, E., S. Serin, S. Ertürk, and I. Vural. 2015. Effects of freezing and thawing cycles on the engineering properties of soils. Soil Mechanics and Foundation Engineering 52 (2):95–99. doi:10.1007/s11204-015-9312-1.
  • Pei, Q. Q. 2020. Scientific cognition and stability evaluation of traditional technology. Ph.D. thesis, Lanzhou University.
  • Pu, T. B., W. W. Chen, Y. M. Du, W. J. Li, and N. Su. 2016. Snowfall-related deterioration behavior of the Ming Great Wall in the eastern Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. Natural Hazards 84:1539–50. doi:10.1007/s11069-016-2497-4.
  • Richards, J., J. Mayaud, H. T. Zhan, F. S. Wu, R. Bailey, and H. Viles. 2020. Modelling the risk of deterioration at earthen heritage sites in drylands. Earth Surface Processes and Landforms 45:2401–16. doi:10.1002/esp.4887.
  • Richards, J., G. Zhao, H. Zhang, and H. Vile. 2019. A controlled field experiment to investigate the deterioration of earthen heritage by wind and rain. Heritage Science 7 (1):51–63. doi:10.1186/s40494-019-0293-7.
  • Shao, M. S., L. Li, S. J. Wang, E. Z. Wang, and Z. X. Li. 2013. Deterioration mechanisms of building materials of Jiaohe ruins in China. Journal of Cultural Heritage 14 (1):38–44. doi:10.1016/j.culher.2012.03.006.
  • Shen, Y. X., W. W. Chen, J. Kuang, and W. F. Du. 2017. Effect of salts on earthen materials deterioration after humidity cycling. Journal of Central South University 24:796–806. doi:10.1007/s11771-017-3482-0.
  • Shen, Y. X., K. Linnow, and M. Steiger. 2020. Crystallization behavior and damage potential of Na2SO4−NaCl mixtures in porous building materials. Crystal Growth Design 20:5974–85. doi:10.1021/acs.cgd.0c00671.
  • Sun, B., Z. H. Zhou, H. Y. Zhang, Y. X. Zhang, and L. Zheng. 2011. Characteristics and prediction model of surface temperature for rammed earthen architecture ruins. Rock and Soil Mechanics 32 (3):867–71. doi:10.16285/j.rsm.2011.03.053.
  • Vaezi, A. R., M. Ahmadi, and A. Cerdà. 2017. Contribution of raindrop impact to the change of soil physical properties and water erosion under semi-arid rainfalls. Science of the Total Environment 583:382–92. doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.01.078.
  • Varade, D., S. Manickam, O. Dikshit, G. Singh, and S. Snehmani. 2020. Modelling of early winter snow density using fully polarimetric C-band SAR data in the Indian Himalayas. Remote Sensing of Environment 240:111699. doi:10.1016/j.rse.2020.111699.
  • Wan, X. S., Y. M. Lai, and C. Wang. 2015. Experimental study on the freezing temperatures of saline silty soils. Permafrost and Periglacial Processes 26 (2):175–87. doi:10.1002/ppp.1837.
  • Wang, X. D., Q. Q. Pei, Q. L. Guo, Z. P. Li, Y. W. Wang, and J. Z. Zhao. 2019. Stress mechanism for the rammed layer interfaces of earthen heritage sites with different treatments. Journal of Cultural Heritage 39:110–19. doi:10.1016/j.culher.2019.03.010.
  • Zhang, Q. Y., W. W. Chen, and P. B. Yuan. 2020. Experimental study on impregnation and consolidation effects of modified polyvinyl alcohol solution for coarse-grained soils: A case study on the Subashi Buddhist Temple Ruins of China. Bulletin of Engineering Geology and the Environment 79:1487–500. doi:10.1007/s10064-019-01622-y.

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.