Influence of bridge pier shape on flow field and scour geometry

References

• Absi, R., 2011. An ordinary differential equation for velocity distribution and dip-phenomenon in open channel flows. Journal of Hydraulic Engineering, 49, 82–89.
   Google Scholar
• Ahmed, F. and Rajaratnam, N., 1998. Flow around bridge piers. Journal of Hydraulic Engineering, 124 (3), 288–300.
   Google Scholar
• Ali, K.H.M. and Karim, O., 2002. Simulation of flow around piers. Journal of Hydraulic Research, 40 (2), 161–174.
   Google Scholar
• Barman, K., Debnath, K., and Mazumder, B.S., 2016. Turbulence between two inline hemispherical obstacles under wave–current interactions. Advances in Water Resources, 88, 32–52.
   Google Scholar
• Beheshti, A.A. and Ataie-Ashtiani, B., 2010. Experimental study of three-dimensional flow field around a complex bridge pier. Journal of Engineering Mechanics, 136 (2), 143–154.
   Google Scholar
• Breusers, H.N.C., Nicollet, G., and Shen, H.W., 1977. Local scour around cylindrical piers. Journal of Hydraulic Research, 15 (3), 211–252. doi: 10.1080/00221687709499645
   Google Scholar
• Cardoso, A.H., Graf, W.H., and Gust, G., 1989. Uniform flow in smooth open channel. Journal of Hydraulic Research, 27 (5), 603–616.
   Google Scholar
• Chabert, J. and Engeldinger, P., 1956. Etude des affouillements autour des piles des ponts. Chatou: Laboratoire d'Hydraulique.
   Google Scholar
• Chang, W.Y., Lai, J.S., and Yen, C.L., 2004. Evolution of scour depth at circular bridge piers. Journal of Hydraulic Engineering, 130 (9), 905–913. doi:10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9429(2004)130:9(905).
   Google Scholar
• Chreties, C., Simarro, G., and Teixeira, L., 2008. New experimental method to find equilibrium scour at bridge piers. Journal of Hydraulic Engineering, 134 (10), 1491–1495.
   Google Scholar
• Coleman, N.L., 1981. Velocity profiles with suspended sediment. Journal of Hydraulic Research, 19 (3), 211–229.
   Google Scholar
• Cushman-Roisin, B. and Jean-Marie B., 2011. Introduction to geophysical fluid dynamics: physical and numerical aspects; Vol. 101. Cambridge, MA: Academic Press.
   Google Scholar
• Das, S., and Mazumdar, A., 2016. Turbulence flow field around two eccentric circular piers in scour hole. International Journal of River Basin Management, 13 (3), 343-361. doi:10.1080/15715124.2015.1012515.
   Google Scholar
• Debnath K, Manik M.K., and Mazumder B.S., 2012. Turbulence statistics of flow over scoured cohesive sediment bed around circular cylinder. Advances in Water Resources, 41, 18–28.
   Google Scholar
• Dey, S., and Raikar, R., 2007. Characteristics of horseshoe vortex in developing scour-holes at piers. Journal of Hydraulic Engineering, 133 (4), 399–413.
   Google Scholar
• Dietz, J.W., 1972. Construction of long piers at oblique currents: illustrated by the BAB-Main Bridge Eddersheim. Report No. 31. Mitteilungsblatt der Bundersanstalt fur Wasserbau.
   Google Scholar
• Dodaro, G., et al., 2016. Modified Einstein sediment transport method to simulate the local scour evolution downstream of a rigid bed. Journal of Hydraulic Engineering, 142 (11), 04016041. doi:(ASCE) HY.1943-7900.0001179.
   Google Scholar
• Elsebaie, I.H., 2013. An experimental study of local scour around circular bridge pier in sand soil. International Journal of Civil & Environmental Engineering, IJCEE-IJENS, 13 (1), 23–28.
   Google Scholar
• Ettema, R., et al., 1998. Local scour at skewed bridge piers. Journal of Hydraulic Engineering, 124 (7), 756-759.
   Google Scholar
• Ettema, R., Kirkil, G., and Muste, M., 2006. Similitude of large-scale turbulence in experiments on local scour at cylinders. Journal of Hydraulic Engineering, 132 (1), 33–40.
   Google Scholar
• Fael, C., Lanca, R., and Cardoso, A., 2014. Pier shape and alignment effects on local scour. In: Proceedings small scale morphological evolution of coastal, estuarine and rivers systems conference, Nantes.
   Google Scholar
• Ferraro, D., et al., 2013. Effects of pile cap thickness on the maximum scour depth at a complex pier. Journal of Hydraulic Engineering, 139 (5), 482–491.
   Google Scholar
• Garcia, C.M., et al., 2005. Turbulence measurements with acoustic Doppler velocimeters. Journal of Hydraulic Engineering, 131 (12), 1062–1073.
   Google Scholar
• Gaudio, R., Tafarojnoruz, A., and Calomino, F., 2012. Combined flow-altering counter measures against bridge pier scour. Journal of Hydraulic Research, IAHR, 50 (1), 35–43.
   Google Scholar
• Ge, L., et al., 2005. 3D unsteady RANS modeling of complex hydraulic engineering flows. II: model validation and flow physics. Journal of Hydraulic Engineering, 131 (9), 809–820.
   Google Scholar
• Goring, D.G., and Nikora, V.I., 2002. Despiking acoustic Doppler velocimeter data. Journal of Hydraulic Engineering, 128 (1), 117–126.
   Google Scholar
• Graf, W.H., 2010. Hydraulics of sediment transport. Littleton, CO: Water Resources Publications, LLC.
   Google Scholar
• Graf, W.H. and Istiarto, I., 2002. Flow pattern in the scour hole around a cylinder. Journal of Hydraulic Research, 40 (1), 13–20.
   Google Scholar
• Hydraulic Engineering Circular No. 18, 2012. Evaluating scour at bridges (Fifth ed.). Springfield, VA: U.S. Department of Transportation, Federal Highway Administration, Publication No. FHWA-HIF-12-003.
   Google Scholar
• Izadinia, E., Heidarpour, M., and Schleiss, A.J., 2013. Investigation of turbulence flow and sediment entrainment around a bridge pier. Stochastic Environmental Research and Risk Assessment, 27, 1303–1314. doi: 10.1007/s00477-012-0666-x
   Google Scholar
• Kamil, H.M.A. and Othman, K., 2002. Simulation of flow around piers. Journal of Hydraulic Research, 40 (2), 161–173.
   Google Scholar
• Knight, D.W., Demetriou, J.D., and Hamed, M.E., 1984. Boundary shear in smooth rectangular channels. Journal of Hydraulic Engineering, 110 (4), 405–422.
   Google Scholar
• Kothyari, U.C., 2008. Bridge scour: status and research challenges. ISH- Journal of Hydraulic Engineering, 14 (1), 1–27.
   Google Scholar
• Kothyari, U.C., Ranga Raju, K.G., and Garde, R.J., 1992. Live-bed scour around cylindrical bridge piers. Journal of Hydraulic Research, 30 (5), 701–715. doi: 10.1080/00221689209498889
   Google Scholar
• Link, O., Pfleger, F., and Zanke, U., 2008. Characteristics of developing scour-holes at a sand-embedded cylinder. International Journal of Sediment Research, 23 (3), 258–266.
   Google Scholar
• Long, D., Steffler, P.M., and Rajaratnam, N., 1990. LDA study of flow structure in submerged hydraulic jump. Journal of Hydraulic Research, 28 (4), 437–460.
   Google Scholar
• Lu, Y.J., et al., 2011. Temporal variation of scour depth at non uniform cylindrical piers. Journal of Hydraulic Engineering, 137 (1), 45–56.
   Google Scholar
• Maity, H. and Mazumder, B.S., 2014. Experimental investigation of the impacts of coherent flow structures upon turbulence properties in regions of crescentic scour. Earth Surface Processes and Landforms, 39 (5), 995–1013.
   Google Scholar
• Mazumder, B.S., Maity, H., and Chadda, T., 2011. Turbulent flow field over fluvial obstacle marks generated in a laboratory flume. International Journal of Sediment Research, 26 (1), 62–77.
   Google Scholar
• Melville, B.W., 1975. Local scour at bridge site. Report No. 117, School of Engineering, University of Auckland, New Zealand.
   Google Scholar
• Melville, B.W. and Coleman, S.E., 2000. Bridge scour. Littleton, CO: Water Resources Publications.
   Google Scholar
• Melville, B.W. and Raudkivi, A.J., 1977. Flow characteristics in local scour at bridge piers. Journal of Hydraulic Research, 15 (4), 373–380.
   Google Scholar
• Mohammadpour, R., Ghani, A.A.B., and Azamathulla, H.M., 2013. Estimation of dimension and time variation of local scour at short abutment. International Journal of River Basin Management, 11 (1), 121–135. doi:10.1080/15715124.2013.772522.
   Google Scholar
• Mori, N., Suzuki, T., and Kakuno, S., 2007. Noise of acoustic Doppler Velocimeter data in bubbly flow. Journal of Engineering Mechanics, 133 (1), 122–125.
   Google Scholar
• Muzzammil, M. and Gangadhariah, T., 2003. The mean characteristics of horseshoe vortex at a cylindrical pier. Journal of Hydraulic Research, 41 (3), 285–297.
   Google Scholar
• Nezu, I. and Rodi, W., 1986. Open-channel flow measurements with a laser Doppler anemometer. Journal of Hydraulic Engineering, 112 (5), 335–355.
   Google Scholar
• Oliveto, G. and Hager, W., 2005. Further results to time-dependent local scour at bridge elements. Journal of Hydraulic Engineering, 131 (2), 97–105.
   Google Scholar
• Olsen, N.R.B. and Kjellesvig, H.M., 1998. Three dimensional numerical flow modeling for estimation of maximum local scour depth. Journal of Hydraulic Research, 36 (4), 579–590.
   Google Scholar
• Parthasarathy, R.N. and Muste, M., 1994. Velocity measurements in asymmetric turbulent channel flows. Journal of Hydraulic Engineering, 120 (9), 1000–1020.
   Google Scholar
• Richardson, J.E. and Panchang, V.G., 1998. Three dimensional simulation of scour inducing flow at bridge piers. Journal of Hydraulic Engineering, 124 (5), 530–540.
   Google Scholar
• Salaheldin, T., Imran, J., and Chaudhry, H., 2004. Numerical modeling of three-dimensional flow field around circular piers. Journal of Hydraulic Engineering, 130 (2), 91–100.
   Google Scholar
• Schlicting, H., 1960. Boundary layer theory. 4th ed. New York: McGraw-Hill.
   Google Scholar
• Shen, H.W., Schneider, V.R., and Karaki, S., 1969. Local scour around bridge piers. Journal of Hydraulic Division, 95 (6), 1919–1940.
   Google Scholar
• Tachie, M.F., Balachandar, R., and Bergstrom, D.J., 2004. Roughness effects on turbulent plane wall jets in an open channel. Experiments in Fluids, 37, 281–292.
   Google Scholar
• Tafarojnoruz, A., Gaudio, R., and Calomino, F., 2012. Effects of a slotted bridge pier on the approach flow. In: Proceedings of XXXIII Convegno Nazionale di Idraulica e Costruzioni Idrauliche IDRA 2012, Brescia, 10–14 September, 2012, 1–10.
   Google Scholar
• Tison, L.J., 1961. Local scour in rivers. Journal of Geophysical Research, 66 (12), 4227–4232.
   Google Scholar
• Tsutsui, T., 2008. Fluid force acting on a cylindrical pier standing in a scour. In: Bluff bodies aerodynamics & applications, Milano, Italy, BBAA VI Inter. Colloquium, July 20–24.
   Google Scholar
• Yang, S.Q., Lim, S.Y., and McCorquodale, J.A., 2005. Investigation of near wall velocity in 3-D smooth channel flows. Journal of Hydraulic Research, 43 (2), 149–157.
   Google Scholar
• Yang, S.Q., Tan, S.K., and Lim, S.Y., 2004. Velocity distribution and dip-phenomenon in smooth uniform open cannel flows. Journal of Hydraulic Engineering, 130 (12), 1179–1186.
   Google Scholar
• Yanmaz, A.M., 2006. Temporal variation of clear water scour at cylindrical bridge piers. Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering, 33 (8), 1098–1102.
   Google Scholar
• Yassin, A., 1953. Mean roughness coefficient in open channels with different roughness of bed and sidewalls. Ph.D. Thesis, Lamann, Zurich, Switzerland.
   Google Scholar
• Yen, C.L., Lai, J.S., and Chang, W.Y., 2001. Modelling of 3D flow and scouring around circular piers. In: Proceedings of the national science council, Republic of China, (A), Vol. 25, No. 1, 17–26.
   Google Scholar